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  • Artikel  (271)
  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (271)
  • Solanum tuberosum L.  (270)
  • Animals
  • Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft  (271)
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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (271)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Scientia Horticulturae 36 (1988), S. 165-171 
    ISSN: 0304-4238
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; micropropagation ; multiplication ; transplanting
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 19 (1995), S. 36-40 
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Schlagwort(e): Soil nitrogen ; Immobilisation ; Mineralisation ; Nitrification ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; Plant effects
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Following application of fertiliser-N to the seedbed of potato crops, concentrations of extracted mineral-N were up to 3 times greater than would be anticipated by calculation. The rates at which both NO 3 − -N and NH 4 + -N apparently appeared and disappeared in the soil solution were, at various times, also much greater than could be attributable to any transformations resulting from microbial activity. This suggests that the involvement of other factors in this phenomenon must be considered. The effect of certain physical parameters such as water movement, resulting from capillary action and evaporation from the soil surface, may be implicated. We suggest that soil microbes are not directly involved in the early fate of fertiliser-N, primarily due to C-limitation in arable soils. N dynamics in fertilised potato systems require further studies targeting the relationships between nutrient concentrations in soil solution and mass flow of soil water.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 12 (1992), S. 265-271 
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Schlagwort(e): Dehydrogenase activity ; Microbial biomass C ; Microbial biomass N ; N fertisisation ; C additions ; Soil respiration ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; Substrate-induced respiration
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A range of soil microbiological parameters were measured at intervals throughout the growing season of a potato crop. Treatments applied to the soil at sowing were zero N fertilisation of N fertilisation at 120 kg N ha−1, either alone or supplemented with straw or sucrose at 1200 kg C ha−1. C and N flushes determined by fumigation-incubation and fumigation-extraction, and substrate-induced respiration, were measured as indicators of microbial biomass. Microbial activity was measured as respiration (CO2 production) and dehydrogenase activity (formazan production). The greatest effects were obtained from the addition of N plus sucrose. Both biomass size and activity were significantly stimulated for up to 25 days after incorporation, with the magnitude of the effects consistently diminishing over time. By 125 days after planting, there was no detectable legacy from any of the treatmentson any of the biomass parameters that were measured, and all values had reverted to those prevalent at planting. There was no consistent effect from adding N, either alone or supplemented with straw, on any of the biomass parameters. There was no evidence for crop-induced stimulation of the biomass. The experiment demonstrates that biomass is only influenced where the quantity, quality, and rate of incorporation of C into the soil is appropriate, in this case, only by adding C as a pulse of sucrose.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 31 (1988), S. 129-135 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): potato ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; tuber growth ; bulking ; diurnal periodicity ; circadian rhythm ; water movement
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The long-term and short-term changes in volume of tubers from plants grown under controlled conditions, when assessed by an accurate, non-destructive tuber-volume meter, showed sigmoid increases in volume. The diel changes were remarkable: the rate of volume increase was very high shortly after the onset of the dark phase, but it declined sharply directly after the onset of the light phase; it was much faster during the night than during the day, especially in the later stages of growth. The nocturnal rate of volume increase was greatest when the tubers showed their greatest overall rate of growth. The daytime increases in volume were fastest during the early stages of tuber development. The key process underlying these phenomena seems to be the movement of water out of and into the tuber.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): seed tuber rotting ; stem infection ; root infection ; tuber washing ; prochloraz treatment ; storage temperature ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary In 1985 and 1986 plots were planted with seed tubers affected with black dot and with healthy seed inoculated or not with cultures ofColletotrichum coccodes at planting. Half the plots were irrigated from shoot emergence to the end of July. Seed tubers rotted more often when they were diseased than when they were not and rotting was increased by irrigation; by contrast, up to 18 weeks after planting irrigation decreased infection of stem-bases, roots and tubers. Tuber infection, first recorded in July, increased throughout the season and most rapidly from September, when the irrigation applied earlier increased disease. Soil-applied inoculum gave most disease in both years and tubers from healthy seed gave least in 1986 but as much as from diseased seed in 1985. Incidence and severity of black dot increased more during storage at 15°C than at 5°C and only on unwashed tubers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): reducing sugars ; processing quality ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Reducing sugar and sucrose contents of potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) from six cultivars were monitored both during the growing season and after a four months storage period at 10°C. Significant correlations were found between tuber sugar contents (sucrose, reducing and total) measured at harvest and the reducing sugar content after storage. Similarly, in five of the six cultivars, the sucrose loss and the corresponding reducing sugar gain during storage were significantly correlated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 33 (1990), S. 269-274 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): cultivar differences ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The relationships between the number of initial sprouts, the number of main stems, stolons and tubers per plant are depicted in 4-quadrant figures. The number of sprouts per seed tuber varied because of different pre-sprouting conditions and/or because of the use of different cultivars. Good linear relationships are shown between the numbers of sprouts and stems, stolons and tubers, and sprouts and tubers, but especially between stolons and tubers within each trial with the one cultivar. When comparing different experiments with the one cultivar the linear relationship between the numbers of stems and stolons disappeared. When comparing different cultivars, no relation was found between the numbers of sprouts and stems. These two cases also led to a statistically less significant relation between the number of sprouts planted and the number of tubers harvested.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): bacterial wilt ; controlled environment ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Potato plants, after inoculation with a South African strain of biovar 2 or a strain of biovar 3 ofPseudomonas solanacearum were grown in growth chambers at temperatures ranging from 14/16°C (dark/light) up to 25/30°C. When grown at 14/16°C or higher, plants inoculated with the biovar 2 strain developed wilting symptoms and internal symptoms on progeny tubers and the disease was transmitted by the progeny tubers. When the plants were inoculated with the biovar 3 strain, wilting symptoms developed from 18/20°C, internal symptoms on progeny tubers from 20/22°C and the disease was transmitted by progeny tubers from plants grown at 16/18°C or higher.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Mediterranean region ; spring ; autumn ; cultivar response ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Genotypic variation in the adaptation of potatoes of several maturity classes to the specific climatological conditions of the autumn season, to the high summer temperatures and to water deficit, was studied. Late-maturing cultivars exhibited the highest yielding potential both in the spring and autumn seasons but specific compatibility of cultivars to the autumn was detected. The late-maturing cultivars were more susceptible to high temperatures than were the early ones. However, there were significant differences in susceptibility to high temperatures among cultivars of the same maturity class. Susceptibility to water deficit was similar in the various maturity classes, but there were differences in the susceptibility to drought among cultivars of the same maturity class. High yielding potential generally resulted also in acceptable tuber yields under conditions of water deficit. High temperatures in combination with a water deficit aggravated yield losses, especially in the late-maturing cultivars.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): cropping frequency ; fungi ; Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden et al ; Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood ; nematode ; rotation ; soil-borne pathogens ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; tuber yield
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Samples of a sandy soil and a marine clay soil sterilized by steam were put in 55-1 containers insulated with polystyrene and placed outdoors on a brick pavement. Sandy soil was infested singly or in all possible combinations with root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and the fungiRhizoctonia solani andVerticillium dahliae, and the marine clay soil was infested with the root-lesion nematodePratylenchus neglectus and the same fungi to evaluate the effects of these organisms on the yield of potato. The experiments were carried out from 1983 to 1986. Tuber yield was reduced by single infestations of theMeloidogyne spp. andV. dahliae but not significantly byR. solani orP. neglectus. A three-factor interaction: nematode ×R. solani × V. dahliae was found in both experiments.R. solani andV. dahliae showed significant synergistic effects when soil was infested with theMeloidogyne spp. orP. neglectus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 11
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): ring rot ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; ELISA ; immunofluorescence ; detection
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary An indirect sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to monitor potato stems of three cultivars for the presence of the ring rot pathogen,Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.sepedonicus, during the growing season and in progeny tubers after harvest. The highest ELISA values were obtained with the highest concentration of bacteria used to inoculate seed pieces in all cultivars tested. Low ELISA values were obtained for stems and progeny tubers selected from plants grown from seed inoculated at lower bacterial concentrations. Estimates of bacterial densities in stems and progeny tubers by immunofluorescence indicated that low ELISA values were most probably caused by low bacterial numbers. It is suggested that the sensitivity of ELISA for detecting the ring rot pathogen in potato stems and progeny tubers is a function of the concentration of bacteria in individual seed pieces.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 35 (1992), S. 249-260 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): bud ; cultivar ; primordium ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; tuber weight
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Potato tuber dormancy is usually defined as lasting from tuber initiation until a sprout of 2 mm long has been formed under storage conditions optimal for sprouting. We tried to find out whether there is a period during which buds of seed tubers do not grow and whether different batches of seed take the same time to grow sprouts 2 mm long. We measured changes in number of leaf primordia and length of tuber buds of cvs Diamant and Désirée over two years. After early haulm pulling, buds did not grow for at least 60 days (‘Diamant’) or 95 days (‘Désirée’). Buds in both cultivars and two tuber weights of ‘Diamant’ took about 20 days from the estimated onset of sprouting to grow 2 mm long. We question whether this period is always similar and thus whether the moment sprouts 2 mm long have formed is a good criterion for the end of dormancy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 35 (1992), S. 355-364 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): cultivar ; nitrate ; nitrogen ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; tuber
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The duration of dormancy of seed potatoes varies between years and between origins. Therefore, the effects of conditions during crop growth on dormancy of progeny tubers were studied. The effect of nitrogen during tuber bulking on the duration of dormancy was investigated in three field experiments with two cultivars. In addition to an application of 125 kg N/ha at planting, top dressings of 0–150 kg N/ha were given about 2 weeks after tuber initiation. Haulm was pulled about 4 weeks later. The effect of nitrogen rate at planting was also examined in one experiment. Nitrogen top dressings shortened dormancy in all experiments by 5–8 days. An increased nitrogen rate at planting resulted in a shorter dormancy when the duration of dormancy was expressed in days after tuber initiation, but not when it was expressed in days after haulm pulling, probably because extra nitrogen also delayed tuber initiation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 36 (1993), S. 35-42 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; disease screening ; maturity
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Fourteen genotypes of potato were assessed for resistance toAlternaria solani Sor., both in the glasshouse at the Scottish Crop Research Institute in Scotland and in the field in the Negev, Israel. Glasshouse assessments agreed well with field results, identifying the most resistant and susceptible genotypes. The effects on the glasshouse test of plant age, inoculum concentration, and length of time plants were kept damp after inoculation, were examined. The best agreement with field results was shown by plants inoculated at flowering, and the best discrimination between genotypes was achieved by keeping the foliage damp for 24 h after inoculating with a spore suspension containing 2.5×103 spores/ml.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 36 (1993), S. 283-292 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; rapid multiplication ; seed production ; non-destructive harvest ; physiological age ; cultivar ; stem number
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Minitubers of cultivars Agria and Liseta were harvested from the same plantlets on three dates. After each harvest, tubers were dried (1 day), cured (13 days) and cold stored at 2 °C in darkness and 80 % RH. Their performance was studied 65, 128, 191, 254, 317, 380, 443, 506 and 569 days after harvest. Minitubers (1–2 g) were planted in pots and grown for 8 weeks in a controlled environment. After 191 days of storage their growth was still extremely poor. In both cultivars, tallest plants and largest leaf areas per plant were observed in plants from tubers from the second and third harvests that had been stored for 317 days. Highest stem numbers, yields (total dry matter, tuber fresh weight) and harvest indices were achieved with 443 days storage with cv. Agria and 569 days storage with cv. Liseta. Tubers from the first harvest behaved slightly differently.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 35 (1992), S. 55-58 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): glucose ; fructose ; sucrose ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A sensitive, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for quantifying the glucose, fructose and sucrose content of potato tubers. The method, based on selective enzyme-coupled reaction systems and the reduction of NAD to NADH, uses a microplate reader fitted with a 340 nm filter. In one microtiter plate 96 samples can be analysed for all three sugars in less than two hours. Several plates can be processed in parallel.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): imazalil ; resistance ; black scurf ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Seed tubers, cv. Désirée, derived from stocks treated annually with thiabendazole were infected with thiabendazole-resistant strains ofHelminthosporium solani andPolyscytalum pustulans. Samples of seed tubers were either untreated or immersed for 5 min in fungicide suspensions of thiabendazole, imazalil or thiabendazole plus imazalil and planted on four farms in 1988 and 1989. After harvest, tuber samples from each treatment were treated with thiabendazole and stored for 6 months. Applying imazalil or thiabendazole plus imazalil to seed tubers decreased the severity of silver scurf and skin spot on stored progeny tubers. Thiabendazole applied to seed tubers or to progeny tubers after harvest did not affect the severity of either disease, but post-harvest treatment decreased the incidence of black scurf after storage.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 38 (1995), S. 345-351 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): disease screening ; progeny test ; Fusarium coeruleum ; Fusarium sulphureum ; Gibberella pulicaris ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Field-grown tubers of 22 progenies ofSolanum tuberosum L. generated in a crossing programme involving seven parents differing in resistance toFusarium coeruleum Lib. ex Sacc. andF. sulphureum Schlect. (=F. sambucinum Fuckel, teleomorphGibberella pulicaris (Fr.) Sacc.) were wound-inoculated with a cornmeal + sand culture of each pathogen. Parental genotypes were also included. The mean lesion size of each progeny was compared in 2 years of tests, as well as with published data on glasshouse-grown tubers. ForF. coeruleum there was a high correlation between years as well as with the glasshouse data, but no such correlations were apparent withG. pulicaris. Furthermore, parental and GCA values, as well as progeny means and mid-parent scores, also correlated highly forF. coeruleum but not forG. pulicaris. Glasshouse-grown tubers of 11 wildSolanum spp. were also inoculated with both pathogens. Some resistance to one or other, or both, was apparent, particularly inS. chacoense.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 38 (1995), S. 363-370 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): wart disease ; inoculation ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; Synchytrium endobioticum
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Sprouts of cvs Arran Chief, Pentland Kappa and Golden Wonder were inoculated with fresh wart tissue using the Glynne-Lemmerzahl (GL) method and results of tests carried out using five different incubation regimes were compared. When tubers of Arran Chief and Pentland Kappa were incubated uncovered in the light. rotting of sprouts was reduced and there was more extensive development of summer sporangia. Similar results were obtained on a range of cultivars when inoculations were done using summer or winter spores. Winter spores, which germinate freely in distilled water, can readily be extracted from dried rotted wart tissue to provide a reliable and continuous supply of inoculum. At the Scottish Agricultural Science Agency, wart susceptibility testing using the GL method has been done with winter spores since 1987.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 39 (1996), S. 43-50 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Amylose ; cultivar ; glucose-6-phosphate ; granule size ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; tuber size
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Potato starch quality parameters (amylose concentration, glucose-6-phosphate content and granule size) were analyzed in relation to the harvesting date and tuber size of four cultivars. A significant increase in the glucose-6-phosphate content and granule size of starch was observed during tuber growth, whereas the amylose concentration was constant. Granule size increased markedly, whereas glucose-6-phosphate content showed slightly increasing values with increasing tuber size. Amylose concentration showed no correlation with tuber size. We conclude that the changes in the granule size, glucose-6-phosphate and amylose content of potato starch during growth are independent of each other.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 39 (1996), S. 23-29 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Silver scurf ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; Mertect
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Survival of the pathogen causing silver scurf of potato (Helminthosporium solani) in Alberta soils was studied by evaluatingH. solani infection in the progeny ofH. solani-free nuclear seed potato tubers planted in fields where potatoes had never been grown or were grown 1, 2, 3, or 4 years previously. Daughter tubers from all the fields developed silver scurf lesions, andH. solani was isolated from infected tubers. This is the first report of survival ofH. solani in Alberta soils. Soil-borne inoculum appears to have a role in the epidemiology of the disease and in the introduction of the pathogen into silver scurf-free potato seed stock. Of 31 plant species tested, only potato was found to be a host ofH. solani. Most of theH. solani isolates from north central Alberta were more sensitive to thiabendazole than those from southern Alberta, where thiabendazole is much more commonly used.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 22
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): potato ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; tuber growth ; leaf growth ; water movement ; water stress
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Single-stemmed potato plants, cv. Bintje, were grown on a nutrient solution under controlled conditions. They were exposed to a short drought stress, or remained untreated. Long-term measurements of tuber volume were carried out with a non-destructive volume-meter. Specific leaf weight was monitored with a β-gauge. Tubers from the same plant varied in rate and duration of growth. The relative growth of stressed tubers was 43–54% less than that of the control tubers. The hierarchy of tubers from one stem changed over time in plants that were exposed to the stress. Specific leaf weight declined during the stress period but there was a prompt recovery after the relief from drought. This response was similar to the response of the average rate of volume increase of the tuber.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 32 (1989), S. 419-424 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; Spongospora subterranea
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Powdery scab incidence and severity was examined on six potato cultivars planted at two different dates in a naturally infested field. There were two sub-plots; one where seed was exposed prior to planting to spores ofSpongospora subterranea from scabby peels, which were then added to the furrow at planting, and another where seed was exposed only to natural inoculum within the field. The later planting data reduced incidence and severity, but there were no differences between sub-plots. All cultivars became infected, but ‘Rosa’ was the most susceptible and ‘Katahdin’ the most resistant.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 33 (1990), S. 97-108 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; photoperiod ; sucrose ; glucose ; fructose ; reducing sugars ; periderm ; crisp color ; chip color
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Single leaf cuttings with their subtended axillary buds proved to be useful models to study maturation and senescence in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Senescence was more rapid if the cultivar was early maturing or if plants were exposed to short days before cuttings were taken. Rooting was decreased by short days before cutting; excision of the buried bud only partially overcame the effects on senescence and rooting. High rates of N to mother plants in the field delayed senescence of cuttings in a way analogous to the delayed senescence of field plants. The tuberization of cuttings from late maturing cultivars was decreased by high rates of N. The color of crisps made from bud tubers was positively correlated with the color of crisps made from ordinary tubers of the same cultivars. Sugar concentrations in bud tubers decreased as cuttings became more senescent and increased after cold storage. Bud tubers harvested while ‘immature’ had greater concentrations of reducing sugars after 90 d at 10°C than did ‘mature’ bud tubers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 33 (1990), S. 131-133 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): disease screening ; Phoma exigua var.foveata ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Tubers were obtained from 80 glasshouse-grown seedlings of each of twelve progenies, inoculated withPhoma foveata Foister, and the mean percentage of infected tubers recorded. There was a good correlation (r=0.798) between this assessment and that made previously on field-grown tubers of eleven of the progenies. A gangrene test on glasshouse-grown tubers is suggested as a more rapid means of identifying progenies with useful levels of resistance.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 26
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): potato ; cyst nematodes ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Accessions of tuber-bearingSolanum spp. related toS. tuberosum subsp.tuberosum were obtained from the German-Dutch collection (Braunschweig, Germany) and the Inter-regional potato collection (Sturgeon Bay, USA). They were screened for resistance toG. rostochiensis Rol andG. pallida Pa2/3. Among 1567 clones from 52 accessions, 135 clones (23 accessions) were resistant toG. rostochiensis. They mainly representedS. andigena, gourlayi, spegazzinii andvernei. Among 1689 clones (74 accessions), 105 clones (32 accessions) were resistant toG. pallida. They representedS. gourlayi, spegazzinii, sparsipilum andvernei. About 25 clones were resistant to both species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 39 (1996), S. 63-68 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): senescence ; protein ; chlorophyll ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; Calonyction aculeatum (L.) ; House
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Foliar sprays of calonyctin, a natural plant growth regulator extracted from the leaves ofCalonyction aculeatum (L.) House, at a concentration 0.05 activity units, increased the tuber yield of six potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars by 7–19% (mean 15%) during 1993 and 1994. Physiological differences between calonyctin-treated and untreated potato plants were usually detected 30–40 days after spraying them with calonyctin. The chlorophyll content of treated potato leaves increased, and the chlorophyll a:b ratio decreased. By 40 days after treatment the root oxidizability and soluble protein contents of different parts of the plants also increased. Their subsequent decline as the plants aged was inhibited by calonyctin. It is concluded that calonyctin delayed the senescence of potato plants and increased tuber growth at later stages of development.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 28
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; tuber size ; stem number ; physiological age ; dormancy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The effect of water stress on yielding capacity of potatoes was studied in 3 years using four different levels of soil water potential (0.7, 1.9, 3.4 and 7.8 atm.) in experiments in specially adapted structures that excluded uncontrolled water supply. Seed tubers from these crops were planted in the following years to investigate effects of water stress on their subsequent performance. Limited soil moisture availability decreased yield and the number and size of tubers. The growing period was shortened by 1–4 weeks and dormancy period by 2–8 weeks. In the following year, seed produced under conditions of moisture stress gave plants with 20% fewer stems. 24–33% less yield, 18–22% fewer tubers and 19–22% fewer large tubers than plants from seed produced under abundant water supply. It is concluded that the yield potential of seed tubers can be improved by careful attention to the availability of soil moisture during their production.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 29
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): virulence ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Phytophthora infestans isolates collected in Poland in 1987–1995 were evaluated on detached leaflets of a differential series consisting of potato genotypes possessing resistance genes R1–R11. On the same differentials was evaluated over three years a highly virulentP. infestans isolate MP 245. Isolate MP 245 and those from natural populations ofP. infestans were seldom or inconsistently pathogenic to R5, R8 and R9. When leaflets of the differentials were infected with MP 245 the lesions were often small and sporulation weak. A statistically significant interaction was found between years and pathogenicity of MP 245 to individual differentials. Attempts to train the isolate MP 245 for pathogenicity to R9 were unsuccessful. The variation in specific resistance of potato genotypes may complicate the evaluation of their resistance toP. infestans, as well as the evaluation of the virulence spectrum of natural fungus populations. This variation may be due to changes in specific pathogenicity of the fungus or in specific resistance of the potato. Some differentials have a possibly useful resistance toP. infestans.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 39 (1996), S. 283-288 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; disease screening ; late blight
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Tests for resistance toPhytophthora infestans were done twice in each of 2 years on field- and glasshouse-grown tubers of ten cultivars. The cultivar rankings, were almost identical for the means of the four glasshouse tests and the means of the four field tests. However, for the field tests but not for the glasshouse tests there were cultivar x harvest date and cultivar x year interactions. It is concluded that resistance can be assessed on glasshouse-grown tubers and that such assessments should prove more consistent over years than those done on field-grown tubers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 39 (1996), S. 313-321 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): scuff meter ; skin structure ; suberin ; haulm destruction ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A standardised test of skin set (scuff meter) has been used to demonstrate the increase in skin adhesion of six varieties following haulm destruction. Increases in skin adhesion were characteristically linear in the six varieties but increased at different rates. At 49 days after haulm destruction, skin adhesion strengths were similar in all varieties except cv. Record which had a much greater skin adhesion strength. Differences in skin adhesion strength were poorly related to skin morphological characteristics such as skin thickness, cell size and suberin content. The method of haulm destruction affected skin adhesion strength with skins adhering more rapidly and more strongly to the tuber following haulm pulling compared with either desiccation with diquat or mechanical flailing. The method of haulm destruction did not influence skin morphological characteristics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 39 (1996), S. 533-540 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): radiation ; interception ; light ; potato ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Two methods for measuring the proportion of crop ground cover were compared. Both employed a rectangular grid of cords fitted in a frame at regular distances. One was based on the proportion of rectangles in which green area occupied more than half, and the other was based on the proportion of intersects coinciding with green area. The second method was accurate under all circumstances. Whereas the first method was found to give biased records when the smallest details in the canopy were small compared to the grid cell size. A theoretical estimate of the standard error of the intersect method was derived for homogeneous canopies and confirmed by experimental data.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 41 (1998), S. 117-125 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): α-solanine ; α-chaconine ; C:S ratio ; glycoalkaloid content ; tuber size ; individual tubers ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Plants of early potato cultivars were sampled at successive harvests during tuber development and individual tubers were analysed for α-solanine and α-chaconine using high-performance liquid chromatography. Mean tuber total glycoalkaloid concentration (α-solanine plus α-chaconine) per plant decreased with time and statistically significant differences between cultivars were observed in the patterns of decline during tuber growth. The mean tuber ratio of α-chaconine to α-solanine increased during tuber development and was also affected by genotype. Total glycoalkaloid concentration for individual tubers of marketable sizes (up to 50 g fresh weight) exceeded the safety limit of 20 mg per 100 g fresh weight for cultivars Home Guard and British Queen but not for Rocket. These differences were attributable to differences in both rates and patterns of glycoalkaloid accumulation during tuber development, although in all cultivars results were consistent with glycoalkaloid accumulation occurring in the expanding peripheral cell layers of tubers for a considerable period after tuber initiation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 34
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): ratio ; root-shoot ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Potato, wheat and sugar beet were grown in a growth chamber in tanks with flowing solutions containing K-concentrations of 1.5, 5, 15, 50 and 200 μM to find reasons for different K contents of solution needed to reach 90% maximum dry matter accumulation (external K requirement). All species showed variation in dry matter accumulation with varying K levels. To reach 90% maximum dry matter accumulation potato needed 40 μM K, whereas wheat and sugar beet needed 6.4 and 4.4 μM K respectively. These differences in external K requirement could not be explained by differences in their internal K requirement since the internal requirement of potato (7.7% K) was about one and a half times of that of sugar beet (5.4%) but its external requirement was nine times of that of sugar beet. At low K supply potato plants showed a lower influx and a reduced root growth as compared with wheat and sugar beet.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 41 (1998), S. 311-317 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; general combining ability ; specific combining ability
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary In an epiphytotic year of early blight, data were recorded on its incidence in 72 progenies (18 females x 4 males) and their parents planted in a randomised complete block design at the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India. Combining ability analysis showed that both additive and non-additive gene action were important, with a preponderance of the latter in the inheritance of resistance to early blight. In general, progenies were as good as or better than mid-parent values. Crosses involving both or at least one parent with good general combining ability resulted in heterotic early blight resistant progenies. Promising parents and crosses were identified.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 36
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanin ; Chaconin ; Magnesium ; Kalium ; Stickstoff ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; Phytophthora infestans ; Feldversuch
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Field experiments were carried out for three years to study the effect of various magnesium, potassium and nitrogen fertilization rates on two medium-early edible potato cultivars. Additionally, one of the experimental areas was sprayed againstPhytophthora infestans to ascertain the effect of fungicides on the content of total glycoalkaloids (TGA) in potato tubers after harvest and after six months of storage. The applied fungicide treatments increased total glycoalkaloids (TGA) of potato tubers (Fig. 4). Fertilization with mineral nitrogen caused different reactions in both cultivars. There was a tendency for cv. Beryl to accumulate more glycoalkaloids with increasing nitrogen fertilization rates, while the opposite was observed for cv. Mila (Fig. 7). Fertilization with potassium and magnesium did not affect the results. On the basis of these results there was no conclusive evidence that the TGA content in the tubers was dependent on cultivar or on the weather during the growing season (Figs 1,2 and 3). The TGA content increased during storage, independently of previous treatments, (Figs 4–7).
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Es wurden Feldversuche in drei Jahren mit zwei Speisekartoffelsorten, verschiedenen Mengen an Mineraldüngern und der Anwendungen eines Pflanzenschutzmittelns gegenPhytophthora infestans angelegt. Die Knollen wurden direkt nach der Ernte sowie nach einer sechsmonatigen Lagerung auf Glykoalkaloidgehalt untersucht. Zwischen den Sorten treten statistisch gesicherte Unterschiede im Gehalt an Glykoalkaloiden auf. Die Anwendung von Pflanzenschutzmitteln während der Vegetation erhöht den Gesamtgehalt an Glykoalkaloiden (TGA) in den Kartoffelknollen kurz nach der Ernte. Eine variierte Mineraldüngung hat keinen statistisch signifikanten Einfluss auf den TGA-Gehalt in den Proben kurz nach der Ernte, N- und K-Düngung verändern diesen jedoch im Laufe der Lagerung. Unabhängig von den übrigen Bedingungen erhöht sich der TGA-Gehalt in diesem Versuch während der Lagerung im Mittel von 5,8 auf 7,7 mg/100g Frischsubstanz.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 37 (1994), S. 129-134 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.tuberosi ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; dry rot ; pathogenicity ; wilt
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A study was carried out on eightF. oxysporum f.sp.tuberosi isolates from northern Italy. Six were from rotten tubers and two were from weak, but not wilted plants from seed-growing areas. Greenhouse and laboratory tests were done to assess the pathogenicity and potential spread of the fungus within the plant. All isolates caused dry rot on inoculated tubers. They were also able to infect vascular tissues through roots and leaves, but none caused wilt, stemend rot or other symptoms.F. oxysporum is often not visible in the field, but its propagules can increase under favourable conditions. It may therefore become a potential danger during potato storage.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 42 (1999), S. 601-606 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): growth regulator ; sucrose ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Ancymidol-induced in vitro tuberisation under different photoperiodic regimes (dark, SD=8 h, LD=16 h) and sucrose concentrations (2, 4, 6 and 8%) in cv. Jaerla (early) and cv. Baraka (late) was studied. Tuberisation was scored after 4 (dark) or 8 (light) weeks. Ancymidol significantly increased tuberisation under LD-SD for any sucrose concentration in both cultivars. Ancymidol also significantly increased tuberisation under LD-dark for 6% sucrose in both cultivars. Tuberisation in cv. Jaerla was significantly higher than in cv. Baraka for any photoperiodic treatment in the presence or absence of ancymidol with 4, 6 or 8% sucrose. The photoperiod SD-SD resulted in the higher level of tuberisation for any combination of sucrose, cultivar and ancymidol. The possible role of ancymidol is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 42 (1999), S. 611-617 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): dormancy ; potato ; losses ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; seed potato production
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Microtubers can be stored longer, transported and handled easier than plantlets, but they have some disadvantages related to long dormancy. Dormancy, number of sprouts per tuber and loss of microtubers under different storage temperatures were studied. Microtubers of four genotypes originated from different tuberization treatments (photoperiod combinations) were observed. We found that dormancy depended on cultivar and — in some cases — on the photoperiod treatment applied during tuberization. Generally, the dormacy was long and was greatly elongated by low storage temperature. One of the photoperiod treatments shortened while the other treatment prolonged the rest-period compared to the control, maybe due to a change in temperature accompanying the change in daily light (photoperiod combination). Besides, these treatments affected the number of sprouts per tuber. There was no significant difference in duration of dormancy between different tuber-size groups, but the loss increased significanctly with a decrease in tuber size. Based on this information we can use microtubers more effectively in the seed potato production programme.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 37 (1994), S. 365-371 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; multiplication ; micropropagation ; growth ; leaf removal ; tissue culture variation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Removing the leaves from single node potato cuttings in vitro allows propagules to be placed in culture vessels at increased densities with the intent of saving resources and space. Under light intensities of 22 wattsm−2, the removal of the subtending leaf resulted in fewer nodes, shorter plantlets, smaller leaf area, and lower fresh and dry weights of 4-week-old plantlets of cvs Atlantic, Kennebec, Russet Burbank and Shepody. Fewer nodes and reduced plantlet height may result in inefficient multiplication protocols because fewer propagules are available and shorter internodes make dissection more difficult. The coefficient of variation for the various growth parameters was greater when propagules lacked leaves, indicating that the variability of the plant material for propagation was increased. A reduction of vigour and growth was still evident when plantlets of cv. Shepody were grown for 6–8 weeks.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 43 (2000), S. 203-209 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; Storite Clear ; Storite Flowable ; radionuclide ; scintillation counting ; sprout suppression
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The use of imazethapyr as a sprout suppressant in potatoes has been investigated. Novel radionuclide techniques were developed to establish the patterns of uptake and movement of imazethapyr in potatoes. Protocols for tissue analysis were established to homogenise potato tuber tissue samples, enabling radiolabel recovery by liquid scintillation counting to approach 100%. The movement of imazethapyr was also examined in the presence of an acidic formulation of thiabendazole which caused increased uptake. The movement of imazethapyr within the tuber was also influenced by pH and ion trapping.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 42
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; reducing sugars ; sucrose ; ascorbic acid ; citric acid ; nitrate
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Pot and field experiments were carried out to test fertilizer treatments on the behaviour of potato tubers stores at 4°C and ≥90% relative humidity for 6 months. Weight losses (separated into water and dry matter) were enhanced after N and K fertilization and decreased by increasing P supply. Glucose and fructose contents were reduced at harvest by high N-fertilizer rates compared to no or low fertilization, but throughout storage reducing sugar accumulation was increased, sucrose reduction was decreased and ascorbic acid was increased. K fertilization affected the chemical composition of the tubers somewhat similar to that of nitrogen fertilization. High initial nitrate content of the tubers seemed to be increased and low nitrate values were decreased during storage. The tubers from pot experiments showed similar changes but of greater magnitude.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 43 (2000), S. 383-393 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; plant development ; antioxidant genes ; gene expression
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The expression of antioxidant genes has been analyzed in a potato plant and during tuber dormancy. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), cytosolic copper and zinc superoide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD), catalase class II, cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) are expressed at the RNA level in all the contexts analyzed. By contrast, the expression of the iron superoxide dismutase (FeSOD) and plastidic Cu/ZnSOD seems to be limited to green tissues, as shown by northern blots and native gels. A complex DAB-peroxidase isozyme pattern (using diaminobenzidine as substrate) has been observed in different developmental contexts analyzed, but hardly observed in tubers. During tuber dormancy, MnSOD and cytosolic Cu/ZnSOD activity was relatively constant in both Désirée and Bintje varieties while catalase activity decreases. Moreover, tuber dormancy breakage did not involve significant changes in the activity of these enzymes. On the basis of these results, the possible link between active oxygen species (AOS) metabolism and dormancy is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 44
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; diploid interspecific hybrids ; Solanum spp., chipping ability
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The reducing sugar content and chip colour were studied in diploid potatoes bred for superior table and chipping quality. The reducing sugar content in the tubers of 119 diploid clones was estimated before and after cold storage (4–6°C) in the years 1987–1991, and reducing sugar and chip colour were determined in 1990 and 1991 for 36 clones. Thirty two clones had a significantly lower reducing sugar content after cold storage than cv. Mila. The year of evaluation, storage temperature and genotype significantly affected the reducing sugar content.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 45
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; Virusresistenzzüchtung ; Nematodenresistenzzüchtung ; Selektionsverfahren ; Sämlingsselektion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Beschrieben wird ein Verfahren zur gleichzeitigen Selektion von Kartoffelsämlingen auf extreme Y-Virus- und Nematodenresistenz. Pikierte Kartoffelsämlinge werden dazu künstlich mit Y-Virus infiziert, getopfte Pflanzen massivem Befall durch den Gelben Kartoffelnematoden ausgesetzt und nur visuell befallsfreie Genotypen weitergeführt. Die Sämlingsselektion führte zu einer Verdoppelung kombiniert resistenter Kartoffelgenotypen in der Resistenzprüfung. Einsatzgebiet war die Auslese von Zuchteltern.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 39 (1996), S. 3-9 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): seedling density ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; tuber size ; 4X×4X ; 4X×2X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The effect of varying plant population on the production of tubers from potato seedlings was investigated during 1992 and 1993 using three different plant densities: 35, 70, 100 plants/m2. Increasing the plant population significantly increased the number of tubers produced, but no significant difference was found between the plant densities of 70 and 100 plants/m2. The seedling tubers produced in nursery beds were tested in the field for ware potato production using different sized tubers. The best performances were obtained using tubers 30–40 mm. Significant differences were evident among the 7 true potato seed (TPS) families used, but data grouped by type of cross did not indicate any significant difference between 4X×4X and 4X×2X crossing groups.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 47
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): actinomycetes ; resistance ; scab incidence ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; Streptomyces scabies
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Concentrations of Ca, P, K, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn were determined in healthy tuber peelings of cultivars less (Karin, Santé and Symfonia) and more (Agria, Désirée and Tomensa) susceptible to common scab when grown at two sites that differed in the level of scab incidence. The accumulation of some elements was significantly influenced by site, year, cultivar, maturity and the age of tuber periderm. At both sites, Ca and P in periderm tissue declined but Mg increased during the growing season. The Ca/P ratios in tuber periderm of all cultivars greatly decreased 83 days after planting. Concentrations of mineral elements measured at harvest may not reflect conditions present during the infection period, and consequently may not be related to scab incidence or severity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 48
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; prickle pollination ; ploidy level ; flow-cytometry ; adventitious shoots ; in vitro tuber induction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary For the induction and selection of double mutants with altered starch composition, a uniform (homohistont) amylose-free (amf) monoploid as basic plant is of vital importance. Therefore, newamf monoploids had to be developed via prickle pollination. And 26 monoploids were obtained which were screened in vitro for vigour, leaf size and for the percentage of monoploid cells. The number of monoploid cells was underestimated at about 28%. Seven vigorous monoploids were tested in vitro for tuberization capacity, which varied from 0 to 100%. After regeneration in vitro, 0 to 3.7 adventitious shoots per leaf explant were formed. The tuberization capacity of these shoots varied from 0 to 48. Twoamf monoploids were selected which were vigorous and tuberized well in vitro. They are the basis for the application of an in vitro mutation breeding protocol that should lead to the induction and selection of new starch mutants in potato.
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 43 (2000), S. 253-261 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): laboratory tests ; storage ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary After a wet autumn and harvesting under wet conditions, slugs brought into potato stores via clods and soil adhering to tubers may cause substantial damage by feeding on the tubers. A carvone sprout inhibitor, Talent®, applied in the potato stores at a dose of 50 ml per tonne potatoes, controlled slugs within a few days. A dose of 25 ml carvone was insufficient. Using a laboratory box test, the slug (Deroceras reticulatum) affected only wounded tubers and, although slime was present on the unwounded potatoes, they were not damaged by slugs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 43 (2000), S. 273-278 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): cold storage ; store management ; potato handling ; tuber temperature ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The effect of using radiant heat to quickly warm potatoes and reduce damage in handling after cold storage was investigated. Two treatments were investigated: tubers dropped 350 mm with no radiant heat applied, and tubers dropped with radiant heat applied. Both treatments were compared with a control set of tubers which were taken directly out of store. The mean damage index per tuber was significantly reduced following radiant heat treatment although there were cultivar and size variations. The temperature profile under radiant heat was also measured which showed an increase in the outside flesh temperature of 8–12°C depending on tuber colour.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 43 (2000), S. 335-345 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): chemical inducible gene expression ; glutathione S-transferase ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; herbicide safener ; tuber
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Chemically inducible gene regulation systems provide a mechanism for a temporal control of expression of transgenes. In this study expression from the herbicide safener inducible maize GST-27 promoter was tested in potato, with the aim of using this to provide inducible expression of transgenes implicated in dormancy control. A binary vector comprising 3.8 kb of the GST-27 promoter was fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and transformed into potato. Application of the chemical inducer elevated the expression of GUS up to 40 fold in leaf tissue. However in stems, roots and tubers the GST-27 promoter caused high levels of expression of GUS in the absence of safener, demonstrating that in these tissues it acts as a constitutive promoter. A deleted promoter region of the GST-27 promoter displayed a similar expression pattern. Analysis of GUS activity in dormant and sprouting tubers showed that the GST-27 promoter was a strong constitutive promoter throughout the tuber life cycle.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 52
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 41 (1998), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): immobilisation ; filter paper ; dot RT-PCR ; print RT-PCR ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A test procedure for PSTVd is described based on immobilisation of plant sap on filter paper, by dotting or tissue printing followed by RT-PCR. Tests were carried out using primarily and secondarily infected potato plants, primarily infected in vitro plants, and potato tubers. Print PCR was shown to be suitable for testing large samples of potato plants whereas dot PCR is recommended for in vitro plantlets and tuber tissue. Bulking one infected plant to 4 or 9 healthy plants gave reliable results with secondarily infected potato plants, but sometimes the test failed to detect PSTVd in primarily infected in vitro plants. Dotted and printed paper squares could be stored at 4°C for at least 2 weeks in Triton X-100 solution or under dry conditions. Storing at room temperature can lead to unreliable results.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 41 (1998), S. 219-228 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): homozygous genotypes ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Using potato parental lines homozygous at a locus or loci controlling resistance to potato leafroll virus (PLRV) can give advantages in the selection of resistant forms. In order to identify homozygous diploid clones their test-cross families were evaluated. All the clones that were test-crossed expressed resistance in primarily- and secondarily-infected plants and etiolated sprouts, and were derived from mating genotypes highly resistant to PLRV. Genotypes from test-cross families varied in resistance to PLRV, and one family was found which had only resistant genotypes, suggesting that the resistant parent of this progeny was homozygous at resistance loci. Evidence was gathered that resistance in some diploid clones may result from resistance to virus multiplication as well as restricted virus transport from leaves to tubers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 41 (1998), S. 277-287 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; quality ; bruising ; external ; internal ; model ; index
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Methods for quantifying external damage and bruising can be inaccurate and result in an index that is difficult to interpret. A new index was derived by taking measurements of peeled slices from cv. Record and developing a mathematical model to predict the percentage volume removed per peeler stroke for a range of potato cultivars. It was found that an average of 1.25% of the tuber volume was removed per peeler stroke. By counting the number of peeler strokes to remove damaged tissue and multiplying by 1.25, an estimate of the percentage tuber volume lost due to bruising or external damage can be obtained. The index can accommodate most types of damage and result in an index that is readily understood.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 41 (1998), S. 345-354 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): tuber blight ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; disease assessment ; fungal pathogenicity
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Variation in aggressiveness to tubers among isolates ofPhytophthora infestans sampled from three potato growing regions in the Netherlands was compared. Variation in the ability to infect tubers of cv. Bintje was found between isolates of each of the three regional populations. The most aggressive isolate of the old population matched the average level of the new population in its ability to infect tubers. As a consequence, the commonly used reference isolate VK 6C can no longer be considered to be representative of the present population ofP. infestans. Therefore it is recommended that testing tuber resistance for the official list of potato cultivars with this isolate should be discontinued. Tuber infection and subsequent spread of the fungus in the tuber tissues were not found to be correlated. The components of tuber pathogenicity studied were not correlated to pathogenicity factors in the foliage, as measured under growth chamber conditions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 42 (1999), S. 101-105 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): late blight ; testing methods ; electrolyte leakage ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The resistance of ten potato cultivars (Agria, Ajax, Désirée, Liseta, Kennebec, Majestic. Monalisa, Prima, Spunta and Tonda di Berlino) toPhytophthora infestans was analyzed in vitro using 8 fungal strains. An assay based on electrolyte leakage was used for screening leaves and tuber tissues with fungal culture filtrates. With almost all cultivars the resistance of leaves did not correlate with the resistance of tubers. Cv. Ajax appeared the least susceptible in both leaf and tuber tests, while the cv. Prima was the most susceptible in tuber tests.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 57
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 42 (1999), S. 229-240 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): earliness ; planting season ; Mediterranean area ; off-season production ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary In Italy, the early potato cultivars of greatest economic significance are those grown off-season, in a cycle which is generally much earlier than the typical spring-summer cycle. Of the area given over to early potatoes in Italy, more than 90% is in the southern regions. The economic value of this production is due to its extraseasonality, which allows much of the early potato harvest to be sold on foreign markets. In Sicily, more than 5000 ha of potato are grown, with a high frequency of potato crops on small plots. Early potatoes are often rotated with various fruits and vegetables, and the length of the cycle is variable, from 100 to 140 days. Choosing the most suitable cultivar is the most complex aspect of early potato growing. Of the criteria used, tuber growth rate has shown most validity. In Sicily two cultivars are mainly grown: Sieglinde and the more recent but well-established Spunta. Agricultural techniques used for early potato cultivation vary depending on the area. An overview of the agronomic practices used in different areas is given in this paper.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 25 (1982), S. 329-342 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; photosynthetic efficiency ; water-stress ; crop growth rate
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung In den Jahren 1979 und 1980 wurde die Lichtaufnahme der photosynthetisch aktiven Strahlung (PAR) im Bereich von 400–700 nm in Kartoffelbeständen im Vereinigten Königreich gemessen. Die meteorologischen Daten zeigten, dass der Niederschlag in den Jahren sehr unterschiedlich war (Abb. 2); 1979 war überwiegend trocken, vor allem in der späteren Vegetationszeit, während 1980 allgemein ein nasses Jahr war. Die Lichtaufnahme stieg linear mit dem zunehmenden Blattflächenindex (L) bis zu L=2,25 an (wobei rund 73% der einfallenden Strahlung aufgenommen wurde) und über L=2,25 nahm die Lichtaufnahme mit einer abnehmenden Rate bis zu L=4,0 zu, wobei rund 95% der einfallenden Strahlung aufgenommen wurden (Abb. 3). Die Gleichung IL=IoekL gilt für 92% der Varianz in der Beziehung zwischen Lichtaufnahme und Blattflächenindex (L), wobei IL=Strahlung auf einer horizontalen Fläche unter einem Blattflächenindex von L und k (Lichtextinktionskoeffizient)=0,335+0,151(L)−0,0129(L)2. Wenn die Konstante k (=0,72) verwendet wurde (Abb. 3) entsprach die Varianz für das ausgewählte Modell 88%. Zwischen dem Gesamttrockengewicht (TDW) und der PAR, die aufgenommen wurde, bestand in beiden Jahren ein signifikantes lineares Verhältnis. Abb. 4 zeigt die Daten für 1980. Durch den Nullpunkt geführt ergibt sich ein TDW=3,42 (PAR) und 2,49 (PAR) für 1980 bzw. 1979, das bedeutet, dass die Umwandlung von Lichtenergie in Trockensubstanz ohne ersichtlichen Wassermangel 1980 wirkungsvoller war. Abb. 5 zeigt die photosynthetische Wirksamkeit (g Trockengewicht MJl PAR) während der Vegetationszeiten zusammen mit den Änderungen im Blattflächenindex L. Die Wachstumsrate des Bestandes stand 1980 in einem linearen Verhältnis zu der von den Blättern aufgenommenen PAR, während sich für 1979, wo der Bestand stark unter Trockenheit litt, eine Abweichung ergab (Abb. 6). Obwohl während der beiden Jahre die photosynthetische Wirksamkeit (g Knollentrockengewicht MJl PAR, aufgenommen während der gesamten Vegetationszeit) für das Knollengewicht unterschiedlich war: Knollentrockengewicht=1,97 (PAR) und 2,37 (PAR) für 1979 bzw. 1980, zeigen die Daten, dass ein gesteigertes Wachstum entsprechend einer höheren Lichtaufnahme zu höheren Knollenerträgen führt, unabhängig von einer Reihe ackerbaulicher Massnahmen.
    Kurzfassung: Résumé L'interception des radiations actives pour la photosynthèse (PAR), dans des longueurs d'onde de 400 à 700 nm, est mesurée durant très différente les deux années; 1979 fut particulièrement sec, surtout en fin de saison, alors que 1980 fut une année humide. La quantité de lumière interceptée, augmente linéairement avec l'index de surface foliaire (leaf area index) jusqu'à une valeur de L=4,25 (correspondant à 73% de radiations interceptées) et pour des valeurs supérieures, l'interception augmente à une vitesse décroissante jusqu'à L=4,0 correspondant à 95% de radiations captées (fig. 3). La relation IL=IoekL interpréte 92% de la variation dans la liaison entre la lumière interceptée et l'index de surface foliaire (L), où IL est le rayonnement atteignant un plan horizontal situé sous un index foliaire L et K (coefficient d'extinction lumineuse)=0,335+0,151(L) −0,0129(L)2. Si on fixe k à 0,72 (fig. 3), la part de variation expliquée par le modèle est de 88%. Une relation linéaire significative entre la matière sèche totale (TDW) cumulée et le PAR intercepté cumulé, a été établie pour les deux années et les données de 1980 sont portées dans la figure 4. Si on fait passer la régression par l'origine, on écrira pour 1979: TDW=2,49× deux années, 1979 et 1980, dans des cultures de pomme de terre du Royaume-Uni. Selon les données météorologiques, la pluviométrie fut et pour 1980: TDW=3,42×PAR. Ces relations indiquent que la conversion de lumière en matière sèche a été plus efficace en 1980 en l'absence de déficit hydrique. L'efficacité de la conversion photosynthétique (g de matière sèche/PAR intercepté) au cours de la saison, est indiquée avec les variations de L dans la figure 5. La vitesse de croissance de la culture est liée linéairement au PAR capté par la végétation en 1980, alors que cette liaison s'écarte de la linéarité en 1979, lorsque la culture est affectée par la sécheresse (fig. 6). Bien que l'efficacité de la conversion photosynthétique (g de poids sec de tubercule/PAR captée durant toute la saison) pour le poids de tubercules soit légèrement différente pour les deux années (en 1979 elle est égale à 2,37 (PAR), en 1980 elle est égale à 1,97 (PAR)). Les données indiquent que l'augmentation de la croissance de la récolte totale, expliquée par l'augmentation de la lumière captée, résultent également du rendement de plus en plus grand des tubercules (fig. 7), sur une série de traitements agronomiques.
    Notizen: Summary Light interception in the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) range (400 700 nm) was measured over two years in potato crop canopies. Light interception increased linearly with increasing leaf area index (L) up to values of 2.25, light interception increased at a decreasing rate until L=4.0 was attained when around 95% of the incoming radiation was intercepted. The equation Il=Ioekl accounted for 92% of the variance in the relationship between light interception and L, where Il is the irradiance on a horizontal plane below a leaf area index of L., and k (light extinction co-efficient)=0.335+0.151 (L) 0.0129 (L)2. Crop growth rate was found to be linearly related to the PAR intercepted by the canopy in 1980, in the absence of any apparent water-stress. The photosynthetic conversion efficiency of the canopy (g dry weight MJi PAR intercepted) was 3.42 and 2.49 for 1980 and 1979, respectively. Tuber yields were also found to be linearly related to PAR intercepted by the canopy over the whole season.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 27 (1984), S. 163-172 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; clones ; tuber-slice ; nucleic acid ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Nach Infektion mit einem schwach oder stark aggressiven Stamm des Kartoffel-Spindle-Tuber-Viroids (PSTV), zeigten einige Klone vonSolanum x berthaultii die Entwicklung starker Symptome. Dabei ergaben sich nekrotische Flecken an Petiolen und Haupttrieben, begleitet von Kollabieren der Blätter. Die nekrotischen, eingerollten Blätter trocknen schliesslich aus, brechen jedoch nicht ab oder fallen herunter (Abb. 1). All neu entstehenden Blätter sind im Wachstum reduziert, die ganze Pflanze ist stark gestaucht. Symptome erscheinen nach Inokulation mit Saft aus Blättern, Trieben oder Knollen (Tab. 1). Knollen konnten sowohl durch Abreiben der Schnittflächen der zu untersuchenden Knollen direkt auf Blätter oder durch Abreiben mit einem Extrakt von Nukleinsäure getestet werden (Tab. 1, 2). Rohe Knollen-Extrakt war nicht geeignet für Inokulation, aber rohe Sprossextrakt war ebenso brauchbar wie Knollen-Nukleinsäure (Tab. 1). PSTV-Infektion konnte noch bei Mischung von 31 bis 7 mg infizierten Gewebes mit 1963 bis 1993 mg gesunden Knollengewebes ermittelt werden (Tab. 2). Das Verhältnis von infiziertem zu gesundem Gewebe ist äquivalent mit einer infizierten Knollen zu 63 bis 255 gesunden Knollen oder einem Verdünnungsfaktor von 64 zu 256. Bei Verwendung vonS. x berthaultii konnte PSTV von Knollen ermittelt werden, die von Kartoffelpflanzen abstammten, welche mit stark verdünntem PSTV-Inokulat behandelt worden waren (Tab. 3); es ist also möglich, PSTV an im laufenden Jahr infizierten Kartoffelpflanzen zu entdecken. In einer Untersuchung von im Feld aufgewachsenen PSTV-verdächtiger Knollen, konnte PSTV sowohl bei Knolleninfektion mit mild als auch stark aggressiven Stämmen ermittelt werden (Tab. 4). S. x berthaultii kann leicht bei Herstellung von Stengelabschnitten verbreitet werden. Ein Klon (Klon 26), der im Rahmen dieser Arbeit entwickelt wurde und einheitlich in Wachstum und seiner Reaktion gegen PSTV ist, sollte für den PSTV-Test verwendet werden. Diese Arbeit vermittelt ausserdem eine Methode zur Entwicklung weiterer PSTV-sensitiver Klone mitS. x berthaultii-Anteil, wenn Pflanzenquarantäne-Regulierungen den Import fremderSolanum-Arten verbieten.
    Kurzfassung: Résumé Certains clônes deS. x berthaultii ont donné des symptômes graves après contamination par souches peu ou très agressives du viroïde en fuseau de la pomme de terre. Les symptômes se manifestent par des taches nécrotiques sur les pétioles et les tiges principales, avec un affaissement du feuillage. Les feuilles nécrosées et enroulées peuvent éventuellement se dessècher, mais elle restent attachées à la plante (fig. 1). La croissance de quelques jeunes feuilles est ralentie et la plante entière reste très chétive. Les symptômes apparaîssent après inoculation de jus obtenu à partir des feuilles, des germes ou des tubercules de pomme de terre (tableau 1). Les tubercules douteux pourraient être testés soit par frottis des surfaces coupées directement sur les feuilles soit par frottis avec un extrait d'acides nucléiques (tableaux 1, 2). L'extrait brut de tubercules ne donne pas entière satisfaction, alors que l'extrait de germes permet d'obtenir d'aussi bons résultats que l'extrait d'acides nucléiques provenant de tubercule (tableau 1). L'infection du viroïde en fuseau dans les tubercules peut être décelée pour des quantités faibles allant de 31 à 7 mg de tissu infecté et mélangé à une quantité allant de 1969 à 1993 mg de tissu de tubercules sains (tableau 2). Le rapport tissue infecté sur tissue sain équivaut à 1 tubercule infecté dans un lot de 63 à 255 tubercules sains, soit un facteur de dilution de 64 à 256. Le viroïde en fuseau a été détecté en utilisantS. x berthaultii à partir de tubercules provenant de plants infectés par un inoculum du viroïde très dilué (tableau 3). Mais il est préférable de le déceler dans la même année sur plantes contaminées. Au cours d'un contrôle d'essai de plein champ réalisé sur tubercules douteux, le viroïde en fuseau a été décelé sur des tubercules contaminés par des souches peu ou très virulentes (tableau 4). S. x berthaultii se multiplie facilement par boutures et un clône (clône 26) expérimenté dans cette étude a montré une croissance régulière et une réaction uniforme au viroïde en fuseau; il peut être ainsi utilisé pour tester le viroïde en fuseau de la pomme de terre. Cette étude peut servir également à rechercher d'autres clônes sensibles au viroïde et issus deS. x berthaultii, supprimant ainsi l'importation d'espèces étrangères deSolanum soumises à une mise en quarantaine.
    Notizen: Summary When infected with mild and severe strains of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV), some clones ofSolanum × berthaultii developed severe symptoms, consisting of necrotic spotting of petioles and main stems and of leaf collapse. The necrotic, rolled leaves eventually dried and remained attached to the stem, any new leaves were small and the plant was severely stunted. Symptoms developed after inoculation with sap from potato foliage, sprouts, or tubers. Tubers could be indexed immediately after harvest or after storage. Single tubers could be tested by rubbing onto leaves ofS. × berthaultii either the cut surfaces of the suspect tuber directly or an extract of nucleic acid. Crude tuber extract proved unsatisfactory for inoculation. PSTV infection could be detected from as little as 31 to 7 mg of infected tuber tissue mixed with 1969 to 1993 mg of healthy tuber tissue (at a dilution factor of 64 to 256).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 31 (1988), S. 305-310 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): aluminium sulphate ; suspension culture ; callus culture ; selection procedure ; tolerant cell cultures ; tolerant regenerants ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Cell cultures were developed from dihaploid clones ofSolanum tuberosum L. Selection in cell suspensions as well as plating of cells on selective medium supplemented with 5 mmol Al produced tolerant cell lines. The constancy of Al-tolerance of cell lines was confirmed by culturing the calli for 3 months in Al-free medium and then transferring them back to selective medium. 4 tolerant regenerant clones were obtained which maintained Al-tolerance also after subculture in control medium. Two of the 4 clones that constantly maintained Al-tolerance, originated from cell lines subcultured for 5 months under stress conditions. However, the regeneration rate of these cell lines was low compared with that of lines obtained after a shorter selection period.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 61
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): aldicarb ; cropping frequency ; nematode ; oxamyl ; soil-borne pathogens ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The incidence ofVerticillium dahliae andColletotrichum coccodes was studied in a crop rotation experiment on sandy soil from 1983 to 1986. Early in the growing season the percentage of stems infected byV. dahliae increased with increasing cropping frequency of potato, depending on the cropping sequence, and decreased with the application of granular nematicides. However, later in the growing season the initial differences decreased.C. coccodes infections of stems were not affected by these factors. The percentage of plants infected byV. dahliae closely correlated with the percentage of plants with wilt symptoms but this relationship was absent forC. coccodes. Early in the growing season, the more vigorous the plants, the greater the level ofV. dahliae infection. Soil infestation withV. dahliae increased with increasing cropping frequency of potato but was not affected by annual applications of granular nematicides.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 32 (1989), S. 411-417 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): tuber quality ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The tuber dry matter concentration, [DM], of crops of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) was related using regression analysis, to time, thermal time, incident radiation accumulated from plant emergence, and soil moisture deficit (SMD). Variation in [DM] was best accounted for by the regression model that was a function of thermal time above a base of 0 °C accumulated from plant emergence, and SMD. When validated against an independent data set, there was good agreement between observed and estimated [DM] with a linear relation accounting for 79.3% of the variance.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 63
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): potato ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; tuber growth ; leaf growth ; diurnal periodicity ; circadian rhythm ; water movement ; water stress
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Single-stemmed potato plants, cv. Bintje, were grown on a nutrient solution under controlled conditions. They were exposed to a short drought stress, or remained untreated. Short-term changes in tuber volume and in specific leaf weight were measured non-destructively. Tubers from control plants increased rapidly in volume during the night and did not grow, or even shrivelled during the day. Tubers of stressed plants did not show a uniform response; some tubers markedly declined in volume during the day. The patterns of volume increase of stressed plants became erratic after the stress, mainly because some plants never fully recovered. Patterns of diurnal fluctuation in tuber volume were similar to diurnal changes in specific leaf weight; tubers within the same stressed plant sometimes reacted differently. In these cases the effects on the diurnal fluctuation partly reflected the long-term effects, reported in an earlier paper.
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  • 64
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Metalaxyl ; floating disc ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Phenylamide-based fungicides were reintroduced to the Irish market in 1985. Mixtures of phenylamides and mancozeb were recommended for no more than 3 sprays in potato late blight control programmes with the last systemic spray to be applied not later than 31 July. Samples of potato foliage infected withP. infestans were collected from the main potato growing areas in Ireland over a five-year period starting in 1985. Using the floating disc method, 11% of the crops sampled in 1985 were found to have phenylamide-resistant strains ofP. infestans present. The number of crops with resistant strains increased rapidly up to 1988 when 83% of the crops sampled had resistance. Factors affecting the distribution of resistance and the efficacy of a phenylamide-based spray programme are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 35 (1992), S. 41-47 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): bacteria ; fungi ; herbicides ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Spray application at locally recommended rates of the herbicides thiobencarb and fluchloralin to potatoes reduced the rhizosphere and general soil microbial populations. Within 30 days the populations had generally recovered although there were some changes in the species composition of the fungal community that persisted until the final sample at harvest time.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 33 (1990), S. 487-495 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): PVS ; ELISA ; cDNA ; cloning ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Two complementary DNA (cDNA) clones (0.9 kb and 1.6 kb) reacting to the ordinary strain of potato virus S (PVS) were compared with single-stranded randomly primed cDNA (prepared to total genomic RNA) as probes for various strains of PVS, using the technique of nucleic acid spot hybridization (NASH). The cDNA clones detected 11 PVS isolates well, including both Andean and ordinary strains, while one of each strain was detected weakly. As little as 5 femtograms of PVS RNA could be detected. A low cross hybridization was observed with cDNA probes to PVS with potato virus M and carnation latent virus both members of the carlavirus group. No cross homology was detected with seven other potato viruses. NASH was as sensitive and specific as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with no pretreatments of crude sap being required before spotting on nitrocellulose filters. Cloned cDNA probes would be suitable for mass screening of PVS.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 34 (1991), S. 9-16 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): keeping quality ; nitrogen fertilizer ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Increasing doses of nitrogenous fertilizer increased storage rots in six potato cultivars of which cvs Kufri Sindhuri and Kufri Lalima rotted less and were found to contain high amounts of total phenols compared to the more susceptible cultivars Kufri Jyoti and Kufri Badshah. Nine phenolic acids were identified in the peel and the pulp of tubers and four of these and of other phenolic extracts from tubers suppressed the growth ofErwinia carotovora ssp.carotovora.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 34 (1991), S. 57-66 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): crop rotation ; nitrogen fertilization ; haulm destruction ; non-chemical control ; organic manuring ; resistant cultivars ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Current systems of potato growing use large amounts of pesticides and fertilizers; these inputs are costly and cause environmental problems. In this paper a strategy for integrated low-input potato production is developed, with the aim of reducing costs, improving product quality and reducing environmental damage. The strategy involves suitable crop rotation, the use of cultivars with multiple resistance, modest fertilizer use (preferably based on organic manure), mechanical weed control, mechanical haulm destruction and limited use of pesticides. The prospects for this strategy are discussed.
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  • 69
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Phytophthora infestans ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; progeny test ; disease screening ; inheritance ; general combining ability
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary TenSolanum tuberosum genotypes differing in resistance to late blight (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary) in foliage and tubers were intercrossed to determine the inheritance of disease resistance in their progenies. Plots of 10–15 clones per progeny were established in each of 2 years and resistance assessed by field or laboratory tests. The parental genotypes were similarly tested each year. The parents differed in general combining ability (GCA) for both foliage blight (FB) and tuber blight (TB). The parental and GCA scores were significantly correlated for both aspects of the disease, but the correlations between foliage and tuber scores for parents and for GCAs were not significant. Three parental genotypes were highly resistant in both foliage and tubers, and the genotype with the highest GCA for resistance to both FB and TB (cv. stirling) is recommended as the best parent. There was no evidence of strong genetic correlation between both aspects of resistance, and it is suggested that both be selected for in a breeding programme.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 34 (1991), S. 215-218 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; total sugars ; reducing sugars ; cvs Claustar ; Sebago ; Spunta
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Potatoes were left in the soil from December, when the vines died, until February (cvs Claustar and Sebago) or April (cv. Spunta) in a location of central Greece with light, well drained soils and a mild climate. Tubers were analysed every two months for dry matter and sugar content and usually the dry matter content did not change significantly from December to February or April. The reducing sugars increased from December to February in tubers of all cultivars and significantly decreased in cv. Spunta from February to April.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 71
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): ring rot ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; ELISA ; immunofluorescence ; eggplant ; detection
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Potato stems and tubers grown in the field from seed tubers inoculated withClavibacter michiganensis subsp.sepedonicus, which causes bacterial ring rot, were tested by indirect, sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in five laboratories. Correlation between values for each experimental treatment from the five laboratories was greater (r=0.86) than correlation between values for individual samples (r=0.71). When three or more laboratories obtained ELISA values of ≥0.200 for a sample, that sample was presumed to be positive. Conversely, when three or more laboratories obtained ELISA values 〈0.200, the consensus determination was regarded as negative. The percentage of stem and tuber samples that were in agreement with the consensus ELISA determination varied from 65.5 to 96.7%. Indirect immunofluorescence tests, conducted on the same samples in two laboratories, were consistent with 83.4–91.9% of the consensus ELISA determinations. Presence or absence ofC.m. sepedonicus was confirmed in some samples by an eggplant bioassay and direct isolatiion of the bacterium. The ELISA procedure was well suited for screening large numbers of samples and this study confirms it to be a promising procedure in routine indexing of seed potatoes forC.m. sepedonicus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 37 (1994), S. 87-97 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; fracturability ; column chromatography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Potato cultivars Chieftain and Kennebec were prewarmed at 70°C for 15 min. prior to heating at 100°C for 18 min. in a water bath. Chieftain exhibited a large increase in fracturability upon treatment while Kennebec showed a smaller increase. Pectic substances of the two cultivars were sequentially extracted in water, sodium hexametaphosphate (0.5%), hydrochloric acid (0.05M, 50°C), and sodium hydroxide (0.05M, 5°C). The largest fraction isolated from both cultivars consisted of hydroxide-soluble pectic substances, and was followed by the acid-soluble fraction. Chieftain contained significantly greater amounts of the hydroxide-soluble fraction than Kennebec. Ion exchange chromatography revealed that the extracted pectic substances from the two major fractions consisted of a charged pectin chain with attached neutral sugars. Gel filtration chromatography revealed wide molecular size distributions for the isolated pectic substances. Pectic neutral sugar content for the hydroxide-soluble fraction (50% of total pectic substances) was greater for Chieftain than for Kennebec.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 73
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): aging ; apyrase ; ATP ; bioluminescence ; bioenergetic metabolism ; luciferase ; luciferin ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A method for determining ATP content based on sulfuric acid extraction and luciferin-luciferase bioluminescence assay was developed for potato tubers. The inactivation of apyrase by a thermal treatment as well as the ATP stability in acidic potato extracts stored at-25°C have been particularly considered. The proposed method is simple, reliable, sensitive and can be used for automatic purposes. This method has been applied to the study of the variation of ATP levels in stored potato tubers (cvs Ukama and Granola). The large changes occurring over a 9 month period are discussed in correlation with dormancy, sprouting and tuberization.
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 37 (1994), S. 173-181 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): inbreeding ; unreduced gametes ; breeding ; yield ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Comparisons were made between tetraploid progenies obtained by crossing dihaploid and chromosome doubled dihaploid potatoes with tetraploids. Dihaploids obtained from a doubled dihaploid produced some progenies from 2xx4x crosses which were as high yielding and had as good tuber characteristics as control progenies produced by intercrossing heterozygous tetraploids. It was found that there was a slight reduction in tuber yield associated with inbreeding but selection could be made among highly inbred material for useful parents. Other characters were little affected by inbreeding. It was concluded that haploidisation and chromosome doubling could be used to produce homozygous clones for use by breeders without greatly depressing the agronomic value of their offspring.
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 35 (1992), S. 389-401 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): cultivar ; seed tuber ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Four experiments (three with four cultivars, one with twenty cultivars) investigated the effect of different storage temperature regimes on the duration of dormancy of seed potatoes harvested immature. Regimes included constant temperatures (18 and 28°C), hot pre-treatments (20 days at 28°C and subsequently 18°C) and cold pre-treatments (20 days at 2°C and subsequently 18°C). Compared with 18°C, storage at 28°C slightly prolonged dormancy of some cultivars with a genetically short dormancy and shortened dormancy by up to 45 days in cultivars with a long dormancy. Some tubers of one cultivar lost their ability to sprout after storage at 28°C for 90 days. A hot pre-treatment shortened dormancy by 2–3 weeks on average, for all cultivars examined. A cold pre-treatment shortened dormancy by 2 weeks on average in some cultivars with a short dormancy and in all cultivars with a long dormancy.
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 35 (1992), S. 419-432 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; seed production ; rapid multiplication ; tuber pruning ; non-destructive harvest ; nutrient supply ; plant density ; plant arrangement
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Minitubers can be produced in large quantities by repeated harvesting of tubers from in vitro propagated plantlets at 4, 7 and 10 weeks after transplanting to the glasshouse at high plant densities. Yield parameters of minitubers can be manipulated by crop husbandry. By supplying nutrients or using a square plant arrangement, minituber yield increased. Effects on numbers of tubers were cultivar-dependent. Changing plant density from 50 to 800 plants per m2 or the minimal diameter of harvested tubers from 5 to 12 mm did not significantly affect tuber yield per m2. Higher plant densities resulted in more tubers per m2 but fewer tubers per plant. Removing smaller tubers greatly increased the number of small tubers, but did not affect yield and number of tubers in larger grades. Crop husbandry techniques affected minituber yield mainly through their effects on leaf area duration, and the number of minitubers through their effects on growth of tubers to a harvestable size.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 77
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): potato ; solt rot ; blackleg ; early selection ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; Solanum brevidens Phil
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Eleven clones obtained from a cross between cv. Katahdin and fusion products betweenSolanum tuberosum and the non tuber-bearing speciesS. brevidens, were backcrossed again withS. tuberosum (clone AR80-127-5). Small tubers harvested from 583 seedlings of these second backcross (BC2) populations were screened for tuber tissue resistance toErwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica under aerobic conditions. After multiplication in the field. BC2 clones again were screened for soft rot resistance under aerobic as well as anaerobic conditions. In general, the resistance of the BC2 populations was reduced in comparison with the BC1. Variation for resistance was found within the BC2 populations, but there was no correlation between the results of the three tests performed. Four BC2 populations were also screenned for resistance to blackleg in the field. Significant differences were found between populations for mean percentage of diseased plants, but these differences could not be explained by the resistance of the parental clones.
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 38 (1995), S. 119-123 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): fry colour ; dry matter content ; tuber size ; ion and solute accumulation ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The effect of salinity and water dificit on the quality of tubers for processing was investigated. Total tuber yield was not affected by the treatments, while the percentage of non-marketable tubers was significantly reduced by high salinity (ECi=6dS m−1) and by water reduction. Accumulation of dry matter in the tubers was increased by all the treatments, that of proline by salinity only and the content of reducing sugars was increased only by water deficit. The colour of the french fries was similar in tubers from the various treatments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 79
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 38 (1995), S. 143-150 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): reproduction ; distribution ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Potato plants of cvs Element and Mirka were artificially infected withV. dahliae in two greenhouse experiments. Leaf blade, petiole, aerial stem, subterranean stem, stolon and root mass were separately harvested both when the canopy was still green and at maturity. After 4 weeks incubation, the plant tissue was air-dried and the numbers of microsclerotia per mg tissue and per plant were determined. The highest numbers of microsclerotia were observed in the haulm when harvest took place at maturity. Cultivar Element yielded significantly more microsclerotia in the haulm than cv. Mirka, whilst there were no cultivar differences in the microsclerotial production on subterranean parts. The petiole and the aerial stem contributed most to the total microsclerotial production, whereas roots were much more important for formation of microsclerotia than stolons.
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 36 (1993), S. 143-151 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; Warmlagerung ; Keimintensität ; Schwund ; Aufgangsverspätung ; Bestandesdichte ; Ertrag
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Seed tubers were stored at above optimal temperatures. Mean temperatures varied during test years from 16 to 29.5°C (in 1988–1990 tubers desprouted before planting; in 1991 chitted tubers as in control; Table 1). This procedure of physiological ageing of seed tubers resulted in reduced plant density and lower yield compared to the chitted control in every year of the test period (average of 25 cultivars). The emergence was significantly delayed as compared to the control in all years (Table 2). Assessed for yield, the cultivars Désirée, Sanetta, Astilla and Andra showed a significantly higher degree of tolerance to warm storages (〉80%, when compared to the control) than the cultivars Arkula, Dorisa, Karlena and Koretta (〈25%; Table 3). Between these two extremes there was a large number of intermediate levels of tolerance, a result of fluctuating reactions of various cultivars to changing conditions in the years of the test period (Fig. 1). No correlation could be found between the cultivars' reactions and their maturity group or their sprouting behaviour. There was, however, for each cultivar a significant negative correlation between loss in weight through transpiration and respiration and plant density and yield (r=−0.55 and −0.54; Table 4). Plant density and yield were closely correlated (Table 4). The regressions between loss of plants and reductions in yields show that after seed tuber storage at higher temperatures a reduced yield must be expected even when plant density is not reduced (loss of plant 0%; Fig. 2). With complete stands, the use of physiologically aged seed tubers that were desprouted before planting (1988–1990) resulted in a reduction of yield of 17–20%; when old seeds were chitted as in control a loss in yield of 15% was calculated.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Die physiologische Alterung der Pflanzknollen durch Lagerung bei überoptimalen Temperaturen (jahresunterschiedlich 16–29,5°C, 1988–90 vor dem Pflanzen abgekeimt, 1991 vorgekeimt wie Kontrolle) führte im Vergleich zur vorgekeimten Kontrolle im Mittel von 25 Sorten in allen Versuchsjahren zu einer Verminderung der Bestandesdichte und des Ertrages. Eine Gruppe von Sorten erwies sich in allen Jahren als relativ tolerant gegen die Alterung, eine andere als signifikant empfindlicher, dazwischen lag ein breites Mittelfeld mit zum Teil erheblichen Schwankungen in den Jahren. Die Reaktion der Sorten zeigte keine Beziehung zu ihrer Reifegruppe und ihrer Keimintensität, dagegen war die sortentypische Ertragsdepression nicht sehr eng, aber signifikant mit dem Schwund während der Lagerung korreliert.
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 37 (1994), S. 217-224 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; potato leafroll luteo virus ; resistance ; restricted virus multiplication ; potato breeding
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The diploid clone DW.84-1457 which has outstanding resistance to potato leafroll virus (PLRV), has been selected at the Mlochów Centre of the Institute for Potato Research. It has in its pedigree PLRV-resistant clones from the Max Planck Institute nos. MPI 44.1016/10, MPI 44.335/130 and MPI 49.540/2. Its behaviour in the field and response to aphid inoculation indicate high resistance to infection, and the low concentration of the virus in graft-inoculated plants indicates high resistance to multiplication. This combination within one genotype of two aspects of resistance is not connected with hypersensitivity, and is heritable. Clone DW.84-1457 has other desirable characters such as extreme resistance to potato virus X (PVX), high resistance to potato virus M (PVM) and good table and processing quality. It is being utilized in the development of parental lines, both at the diploid and tetraploid level.
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  • 82
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): safranin stain ; fluorescent brightener ; Erwinia carotovora ssp.atroseptica ; tuber development ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary In a glasshouse experiment three potato cultivars were grown to maturity in wet or dry compost. The number of lenticels per tuber was greater with larger tubers but was unaffected by the cultivar or soil moisture regime. The frequency of lenticel penetration by a water soluble stain, safranin O, remained high as tubers developed to maturity in wet soil. In dry soil penetration declined markedly as the tubers matured. When tubers, harvested just before the onset of haulm senescence, were inoculated withErwinia carotovora ssp.atroseptica, the frequency of lenticel rotting was less than the rate of stain penetration, indicating that additional factors were involved in the bacterial infection process. Inoculating mature tubers with bacteria and incubating them in anaerobic conditions frequently resulted in rotting of the lenticels. Comparable tubers incubated in aerobic conditions showed no rotting or invasion by bacteria. The results are discussed in relation to the biological control of blackleg.
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 39 (1996), S. 411-427 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; disease ; quality ; carbohydrates ; starch ; carbon partitioning ; development ; stress ; molecular farming
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Transgenic potato plants are being generated world-wide to assess the impact of transgene expression (sense and/or antisense) on parameters as diverse as yield, quality, stress physiology and pest/disease resistance. Strategies for alternative uses of the potato crops by diverting metabolism into high value products or by expressing recombinant proteins are also being explored. Results obtained are often surprising although the science of plant molecular biology is relatively young. Whilst the outcome of any transgenic approach is by no means certain, this review provides sufficient examples to illustrate the versatility and applicability of transgenic biology in potato improvement.
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 39 (1996), S. 523-531 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): CO2 ; O2 Record ; Saturna ; Hermes ; sprout length ; fry colour ; sugar ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Three crisping potato cultivars, Record, Saturna and Hermes, were stored at 5 or 10°C in gas mixtures of either 0.5% CO2 and 21.0% O2 (control) or 9.4, 6.4, 3.6 or 0.4% CO2 all combined with 3.6% O2. There was almost complete sprout inhibition, low weight loss and maintenance of a healthy skin for all cultivars stored in 9.4% CO2 with 3.6% O2 at 5°C for 25 weeks. When tubers from this treatment were stored for a further 20 weeks in air at 5°C the skin remained healthy and they did not sprout. The fry colour of crisps made from these potatoes was darker than the industry standard but when they were reconditioned, tubers of cv. Saturna produced crisps of an acceptable fry colour while crisps from the other two cultivars remained too dark. Reducing sugar levels were related to fry colour both after storage and after reconditioning. The other gas combinations and the controls did not have the same effect on sprouting and none of the controlled atmosphere treatments controlled sprouting at 10°C.
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  • 85
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; seed production ; variability
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Multiplication factors and progeny yield variation in crops from minitubers of five weight classes (ranging from 0.13–0.25 g to 2.00–3.99 g) and conventional seed tubers were studied in field experiments in three years. Multiplication factors were calculated as the number and weight of progeny tubers produced per planted tuber or per unit planted tuber weight. They were lower for the lighter minitubers when calculated per tuber and higher when calculated per weight. Yield variation was described by coefficients of variation for the number and weight of progeny tubers produced. Variation over individual plants of a crop was higher in stands from the lighter minitubers. Variation over plots within a field was sometimes higher for the lighter minitubers, but variation over years was similar for all minituber classes. Variation over plots in progeny tuber weight was higher for minitubers than for conventional tubers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 38 (1995), S. 251-256 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): storage ; energy usage ; store temperature ; store management ; weight loss ; power consumption ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The effect of various storage parameters on the power usage and tuber weight loss for a fully refrigerated potato store were investigated. A computer model validated by detailed monitoring of potato stores was used for the calculations. The store parameters considered were: storage temperature, store relative humidity, local ambient conditions, store capacity or loading factor, half cooling time and the infiltration rate or air tightness of the store. The investigation showed that the power consumption was most affected by the storage temperature and the infiltration rate of the store, and that weight loss was most affected by the half cooling time.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 87
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): wart disease ; susceptibility ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A comparison of reactions of potato cultivars toS. endobioticum indicated that the degree of susceptibility observed in laboratory tests correlated well with the reaction of cultivars in field tests. Some cultivars found to be less resistant (Resistance Grade 2) in laboratory tests produced winter spores in the field test, and 10% of those derived from cv. Ausonia germinated in distilled water. Compost from the field plot was estimated to contain 14–18 apparently viable spores/g. and this resulted in 100% infection of the highly susceptible cv. Arran Chief. The implications of these findings for descheduling sites previously scheduled due to wart infestation are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 38 (1995), S. 307-317 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; leaf transpiration ; stomatal resistance ; Mediterranean environment
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The effect of furrow and drip irrigation giving 0, 33, 66, 100 and 133% of the maximum evapotranspiration (ETM) was studied on leaf transpiration, stomatal resistance, tuber growth, yield and yield response of cv. Spunta. The research was carried out in Sicily in 1988 and 1989 on early potato crops grown during the winter/spring cycle. Increased water supply increased leaf transpiration, plant fresh weight, tuber growth rate, yield and earliness, and decreased stomatal resistance and tuber dry weight. A higher yield response was obtained at the lower water regimes (ETM of 33 and 66%). There were no significant differences between the two methods of irrigation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 89
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): genetic variation ; resistance screening ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Various methods of screening for resistance to root-knot nematodes were compared and evaluated. Seedling populations ofSolanum spp., grown in clay pots and plastic tubes with silver sand and inoculated with juveniles ofMeloidogyne chitwoodi andM. hapla, showed large differences in the number of egg masses on roots 7 weeks after inoculation. The differences were reproducible when re-testing was done with cuttings and plants from tubers. No resistance toMeloidogyne spp. was observed with ten potato cultivars when grown in clay pots, plastic tobes or closed containers. Plants from tubers in growth pouches developed a large two-dimensional root system, and after inoculation with juveniles the infection process could be observed over 8 weeks. A method of infecting potato tuber tissue withMeloidogyne is described, using tuber slices in Petri dishes as a potential screening test for tuber resistance.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 90
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; Virusresistenzzüchtung ; Sämlingsselektion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Studien an 7328 Kartoffelsämlingen und 179 Zuchtstämmen genetisch geeigneter Populationen konzentrierten sich auf die Erarbeitung eines Inokulations- und Selektionsverfahrens. Die Virusinokulation kann mit der Spritzpistole erfolgen, muß aber an getopften Kartoffelsämlingen vorgenommen werden. In Kombination mit der Serodiagnose in den ersten 3 Klongenerationen erzielte ein darauf aufgebautes Selektionsverfahren in der Resistenzprüfung 88.2% Zuchtstämme mit Überempfindlichkeitsresistenz gegen potato virus S gegen nur 55.6% ohne Sämlingsinfektion und Serodiagnose in nur einer Klongeneration.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 91
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; Virusresistenzzüchtung ; Selektionsverfahren ; Sämlingsselektion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Zur Auslese auf extreme Y-Virusresistenz kann auch an Kartoffelsämlingen in Hydrostaukultur die künstliche Infektion Anwendung finden. Die Virusinokulation mittels Spritzpistole muß allerdings an Sämlingen in der Aussaatschale und vor der Anzucht in Hydrostaukultur erfolgen. Intensive Bestandeskontrolle. Pflanzguttestung der ersten Klongenerationen und konsequentes Verwerfen Y-Virusbefallener Zuchtstämme sicherten, daß sämlingsinfiziertes Zuchtmaterial im Neuzuchtgarten keine gefährliche Virusinfektionquelle darstellte und ohne räumliche. Trennung gemeinsam mit dem übrigen Zuchtgartenmaterial angebaut werden konnte.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 40 (1997), S. 1-4 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): scientific journal ; professional organization ; agronomy ; crop science ; research ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Potato Research started as the “European Potato Journal”, the official journal of the European Association for Potato Research, in 1958, was re-named “Potato Research” in 1970 (Volume 13) and has published mainly original scientific contributions in 39 volumes. The authorship has become increasingly international and currently writes predominantly in English, although papers are also offered in German or French. Topics covered have seen clear changes over volumes, mainly reflecting trends and break-throughs in (potato) science.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 40 (1997), S. 47-57 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): minimum stomatal resistance ; soil water ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; photosynthetic photon flux density ; vapour pressure deficit
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Leaf stomatal resistance varies considerably in response to changes in environmental conditions. Understanding cultivar differences in the response of stomata to these conditions is important for effectively simulating water-use and growth. In this study the stomatal resistance of three field grown potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars Atlantic. Monona and Norchip was observed in response to photosynthetic photon flux density, leaf to air vapour pressure difference and root zone available soil water. Substantial variation in stomatal resistance was accounted for by functions of the environmental variables for both Monona and Norchip. The explained variation for Atlantic was considerably less. Light saturation occurred near 500 μmol m−2 s−1. Increasing stomatal resistance above 1000 μmol m−2s−1 was also observed but is likely an artifact of stomatal closure on days in which mid-day leaf water potentials dropped below critical levels. Although the leaf presumably insufficient to obtain substantial effects. The soil water status was partially linked to the average 1000 h to 1500 h stomatal resistance on clear, sunny days. Significant differences were observed among the cultivars in the response of stomata to changes in the available soil water.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 94
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): skin resistance ; temperature ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Chambers were designed to simulate environmental conditions present in commercial potato stores and were used to introduce condensation to tubers infected with silver scurf (Helminthosporium solani). The electrical resistance measured across the skin of tubers from the top of the chambers was consistently lower than that from the bottom of the chamber, and this was reflected in an increased number ofH. solani spores produced by the top tubers. An increase in the length of the condensation period resulted in the skin resistance remaining lower for a longer period and also resulted in higher number of spores. Tubers held at relatively high ambient temperatures (15 °C) required a shorter period of condensation to cause an increase in spore count. This investigation highlighted the need for close monitoring of store environments so that condensation events can be quickly identified and the tubers dried.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 95
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; Helminthosporium solani ; Colletotrichum coccodes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Potato seed tubers infected withHelminthosporium solani andColletotrichum coccodes were treated with prochloraz (as Omega 450 g a.i. l−1 EC) and/or prochloraz managanese chloride (as Octave 25 g/kg DP), and planted in two separate fields not previously cultivated with potatoes. Dipping seed 28 d prior to planting in 2,4 or 6 g a.i. l−1 Omega, and dusting with 500 or 750 g Octave per 100 kg seed significantly reduced the incidence of silver scurf and black dot on progeny tubers. In one field, the higher concentrations of Omega and Octave gave slightly better control than the lower Omega concentrations. At the second site, postharvest application of 4 g a.i. l−1 Omega or 750 g Octave per 100 kg seed limited development of both diseases on progeny tubers, with slightly better control when an additional Octave dusting was applied 14 d before planting. None of the prochloraz treatments adversely affected plant stand or tuber yield.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): light ; temperature ; stolon growth medium ; below ground nodes ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Five experiments studied the effects of shading, temperature and stolon growth medium on stolon and tuber formation. The lowest numbers of stolons and tubers were produced at the higher and lower nodes. Numbers of primary stolons and tubers were relatively stable across nodes and treatments and variation in total numbers was largely due to changes in numbers of lateral and branch stolons. In the field, 70% shading reduced numbers of stolons and tubers by reducing lateral and branch stolons, while in hydroponics, 45% shading and temperatures at initiation had no effect on tuber numbers. In both environments later planting tended to reduce numbers of stolons and tubers. There were large effects of the physical environment, with compost producing three times as many tubers as dry vermiculite. The potential number of tubers may be determined by the number of stolons and the environmental conditions affecting stolon formation and development.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 40 (1997), S. 367-374 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; Globodera rostochiensis ; G. pallida ; soil type ; soil pF ; cultivar ; damage ; tolerance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Data from five long-term field experiments on sandy and sandy peat soils were analyzed for the effect of soil type on damage caused by potato cyst nematodes to potato crops. It was shown that the water retention of the topsoil and the subsoil largely determined the potential yield level in the different fields. According to Oostenbrink's equation the slopes of the curves are steeper with increasing yield level, indicating that the higher the potential yield level, the higher the absolute yield loss. However, when yield was expressed as percentage of maximum yield, yield reduction related to potato cyst nematode density did not differ significantly, except when tolerant cultivars were grown. Increasing tolerance of cultivars to nematode damage was reflected in less steep slopes of the yield/nematode density curves.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 35 (1992), S. 261-269 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): cultivar ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; tuber weight
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The variation in duration of dormancy within a seed tuber lot was studied over three years by harvesting individual plants of cvs Diamant and Désirée from field plots and by storing the tubers at 18°C. The variation in dormancy within a tuber lot was large (especially for cv. Diamant) and was mainly caused by variation within plants. For cv. Diamant there was a close negative relation between dormancy and the cube root of tuber weight, whereas for cv. Désirée a relation with tuber weight was almost absent. The duration of dormancy of a seed lot comprising tubers with a narrow range in weight can be well described by two parameters. It is proposed to maintain the moment of 80% sprouting as the criterion for the end of dormancy of a tuber lot and to characterize the spread in dormancy duration by the time lapse between 10% and 90% sprouting.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 35 (1992), S. 343-354 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): desprouting ; planting date ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; sprout length ; sprout number ; stem number ; total dry weight ; tuber number
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Young seed tubers of several cultivars were exposed to storage temperatures of 4–24°C in light and dark intended to optimise their growth vigour following early plantings. In five experiments during four autumn and winter periods, the effects of storage conditions on subsequent initial plant development in the glasshouse were studied. Storage of seed potatoes for 2 months at temperatures of 12°C or higher greatly increased early plant development of five cultivars following early plantings. Light during storage had a favourable effect, but desprouting before planting was greatly disadvantageous.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum L. ; Phytophthora infestans
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The effect of the moisture level of potting compost at harvest on the susceptibility of tubers of three cultivars to late blight was investigated in the glasshouse in three successive years. Three moisture regimes (dry, moist, wet) were imposed at flowering time, the tubers harvested 3 weeks later and immediately dipped in a zoospore suspension ofPhytophthora infestans. Tubers from dry compost were significantly more susceptible than those from wet or moist compost, which showed similar levels of susceptibility.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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