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  • Articles  (2,540)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (2,540)
  • Blackwell Publishers Ltd  (2,540)
  • 2005-2009
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  • 1985-1989
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  • Articles  (2,540)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (2,540)
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  • 2005-2009
  • 1995-1999  (2,540)
  • 1985-1989
  • 2000-2004  (2,549)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The results of a study of managerial recruitment and selection methods in Greece are presented. Forty-eight organizations responded to the postal survey. Questionnaires addressed the frequency of use of different methods and attitudes towards their use. Greek firms tend to use intuitive and subjective methods, such as interviews, curriculum vitae and personal recommendations. Interviews are considered the most valid predictors of future job performance followed by written examinations and psychological tests, while application forms followed by references and personal recommendations are viewed as the least valid.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This selective review of integrity and honesty testing addresses two primary questions: ‘What do we know about honesty testing?’ and ‘How do we use what we know?’ Up-to-date information about test reliability, validity, and construct definition from recent reviews of the research literature in the USA is presented and interpreted. Relationships to other selection devices and personality measures are discussed, as well as how integrity tests fit into a multiple assessment selection system.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Books reviewed:Robert Shaw Trust in the Balance; Building Successful Organizations on Results, Integrity and ConcernLouis H. Janda Psychological Testing: Theory and ApplicationsDavid Ulrich, Michael R. Losey and Geraldine Lake, (eds) Tomorrow's HR Management: 48 Thought Leaders Call For Change
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  • 5
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    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Most research on the relationship between personality and overall job performance assumes linearity and homoscedasticity. This study investigated the prevalence and nature of nonlinearities and heteroscedasticies in relationships between conscientiousness and supervisory ratings of overall job performance across five independent samples using both concurrent (k = 4) and predictive (k = 1) designs. Hierarchical polynomial regression analyses found evidence of robust linear effects but no evidence of statistically significant quadratic or cubic effects. A statistically and practically significant heteroscedastic effect was found in only one sample such that lower errors of prediction were evidenced in the ends in comparison to the middle of the bivariate distribution. Implications for the use of conscientiousness in personnel selection are suggested. Limitations of the current study and directions for future research are noted.
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  • 6
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This study describes the development of a multidimensional biodata form which used explicit constructs to guide item generation and rational scale development, construct validation, criterion measurement and empirical keying. These constructs were goal-orientation, teamwork, customer service, resourcefulness, learning ability and leadership. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses in both applicant and incumbent samples were used to identify and test the model which included the thirteen, more differentiated rational scales relating to these six, broader constructs. Empirical keying of the rationally developed scales was conducted against criterion construct scales conceptually related to each predictor construct. Empirical keying at the item level was found to result in higher validities and cross-validities than either empirical keying at the scale level, or rational keying. The item keyed instrument also demonstrated incremental validity over a test of cognitive ability for specific work performance domains as well as overall work performance.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Biodata as a selection technique is gaining greater acceptance in Australia and interest in the technique appears to be growing. There are a number of reasons for its rise in popularity, including particular advantages afforded by the technique such as enhanced validity and decreased adverse impact. This paper presents an overview of the development of a biodata instrument for large-scale recruitment and focuses specifically on how clients' needs were met by incorporating biodata in a revised recruitment system. The reader is also referred to another article in this issue by Karas and West that reports on this project, but covers technical aspects of the rational-empirical approach taken to instrument development.The biodata technique was chosen to meet specific requirements of a new selection system for entry level clerical and graduate staff of the Australian Public Service. Broadly, the system sought to assess a range of job-related skills encompassing both cognitive and noncognitive abilities and to maximize the validity and fairness of the recruitment process. The addition of a biodata questionnaire, as an integral part of the selection system, assisted in meeting these aims and providing clients with a more comprehensive process which offered greater flexibility and the reliable assessment of noncognitive attributes that are critical to success in today’s workplace.
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  • 8
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This two-phase panel study examines the development of the congruence between vocational interests and perceived skill requirements. Participants were 492 Dutch men and women between 18 and 26 years old, with a paid job in both phases. Three hypotheses inspired by the theory of work adjustment (Dawis and Lofquist 1984) and congruence theory (Holland 1992) were tested, using a composite index of fit proposed by Cronbach and Gleser (1953). The first hypothesis proposing that participants experiencing incongruence between their vocational interests and their perceived skill requirements are dissatisfied with their job was supported. The hypothesis that incongruence has a positive relationship with job change and a negative relationship with tenure was not confirmed. The expectation that the congruence between vocational interests and perceived skill requirements increases over time was confirmed. Furthermore, exploring determinants of change in vocational interests and perceived skill requirements, it was found that change in these domains was predicted by different variables, educational level being the only common factor. It is concluded that this study supports the longitudinal propositions of prevailing work-related person-environment fit theories.
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  • 9
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 10
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: An application of a future-oriented job analysis (FOJA) procedure used to gain an understanding of newly formed entry-level positions in a large insurance organization is described. A brief review of the relevant literature is presented to serve as a foundation upon which to consider the current FOJA procedure. Specific assumptions, stages, and results of the current procedure are detailed. The benefits of this application of FOJA are also discussed.
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  • 11
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Although its central role in human-computer interaction is recognized by industry, the user interface (UI) has received scant attention in the computer-based testing (CBT) literature. Industrial and European Community ergonomic directives have been established regarding UI design issues, however, which may significantly impact upon CBT. Accordingly, the UI’s CBT role is discussed regarding central CBT/UI constructs and dynamics. On the basis of one CBT UI design issue (here: paging) it is shown that many ergonomic regulatory definitional traps exist for the unwary CBT practitioner and UI designer. Newer UI developments in windowing technology and computer-based UI ergonomic regulation conformance analysis are described. Finally, open issues regarding CBT UI problematics are discussed, showing that, rather than continuing to lead a shadowed existence, the UI is deserving of considerably increased research effort regarding its CBT impact.
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  • 12
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 13
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 14
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 15
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: John T. Haworth Work, Leisure and Well-beingOwen Hargie The Handbook of Communication SkillsRichard Lepsinger and Anntoinette D. Lucia The Art and Science of 360° FeedbackKevin Murphy Individual differences and behavior in organizations
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  • 16
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The use of PC-based simulations for selection and training for jobs which require complex problem solving skills is ever-increasing. This paper gives a short review of such simulations along with a list of advantages and disadvantages of their use. Possible future developments are sketched.
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  • 17
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 18
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Amongst the purported advantages of multi-rater feedback systems is their greater accuracy and objectivity. It is argued here that these benefits may be more imagined than real, and that there is no reason to believe such systems will avoid many of the rating errors and distortions found in traditional top-down appraisal. The first study reported in this paper investigates the psychometric soundness and concurrent validity of a pilot 360 degree feedback scheme operated by a multi-national oil company. The second study describes how analysis of the data provided by the first study was used to re-design the rating form, and demonstrates the resulting improvement achieved in the psychometric properties of the 360 degree scheme. It also examined some of the variables that influence rater’s assessment of the target managers. The conclusion is drawn that unless such feedback systems — irrespective of whether they are used for development or for appraisal — are constructed and evaluated along the lines associated with psychometric tests, they may produce assessments that are seriously misleading.
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  • 19
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper seeks to examine the hypothesis that reliable and valid personality instruments could have international applicability. Utilising data from 327 practising managers drawn from service industries in the United Kingdom, Hungary and the Czech Republic, the research offers a basis for discriminating between the profiles of hospitality and other service sector managers employing stepwise discriminant function analysis, F-tests and classification ratios. The findings, based on a subsequent ANOVA, suggest that these personality profiles extend across the three countries under study. Also, the research provides a methodological approach for consideration in future meta-analytical studies of the processes of management development.
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  • 20
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: A study was conducted to expand the nexus of cognitive and psychomotor abilities. A cognitive aptitude battery and a psychomotor battery were administered to 429 military recruits. A confirmatory factor analysis yielded higher-order factors of general cognitive ability (g) and psychomotor/technical knowledge (PM/TK). PM/TK was interpreted as Vernon's (1969) practical factor (k:m). In the joint analysis of these batteries, g and PM/TK each accounted for about 31% of the common variance. No residualized lower-order factor accounted for more than 7% PM/TK influenced a broad range of lower-order psychomotor factors. The first practical implication of these findings is that psychomotor tests are expected to be at least generally interchangeable. A second implication is that the incremental validity of psychomotor tests beyond cognitive tests is expected to be small. These findings should help guide test developers and inform personnel selecting agencies regarding the expected utility of psychomotor tests.
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  • 21
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: 887 respondents completed ipsative and normative versions of the PAL-TOPAS personality questionnaire. Data were analysed to test for (1) systematic bias in scores associated with the two response formats and (2) predictors of the magnitude of the discrepancy in the individual's ipsative and normative scores. Discrepancy was assessed for both item responses and scale scores. Sources of biases investigated included ipsative scaling artifact, extremeness of scores on the normative scales and response variability. Results showed that systematic bias in scale scores and magnitude of discrepancy were predicted by different factors. One source of systematic bias was associated with ipsative scaling artifact: the ipsative scales measure both the scale itself and rejection of other alternatives. A second source of systematic bias was acquiescence in response to normative items. A confirmatory factor analysis showed that a good but imperfect fit to the data may be obtained by constructing a structural model of the inter-relationship between normative and ipsative scores which accommodates both sources of bias. The strongest influence on discrepancy in scale scores was extremeness of normative scoring, associated with a bias towards either general acceptance or rejection of trait adjectives. It is concluded that both normative and ipsative response formats have limitations, and it may often be desirable to assess both.
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  • 22
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: A study of 1,099 males and females in pilot training was conducted to investigate the relative importance of general and specific factors of psychomotor tracking ability in the prediction of several pilot training criteria. Measures of psychomotor tracking ability were derived from the Basic Attributes Test (Carretta and Ree 1994). The criteria were the dichotomous passing or failing pilot training and the average of six flying work samples. Comparisons of linear models indicated that general psychomotor tracking ability was the source of most of the validity and that only the specific measure of reaction time was incremental. Reaction time, although part of the psychomotor taxonomy, has frequently been identified as a measure of cognitive ability.
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  • 23
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    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The globalization of the world economy, the widespread expansion of corporations into overseas markets and the increased use of expatriate and repatriate job assignments have all fundamentally changed the context in which organizational socialization now takes place. This article examines the distinctive socialization issues made salient by this organizational context change. The paper reviews existing theoretical and empirical research, provides hypotheses to guide future socialization research in this area and discusses the implications of an international context for the management of organizational socialization programmes.
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  • 24
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 25
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 26
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Industrial relations journal 30 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2338
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Recent research on trade union democracy has drawn attention to the heterogeneity of union membership and the social processes within unions which can lead to the inclusion or exclusion of specific constituencies within union structures. This article draws on a case study of lesbian and gay self organisation in UNISON to illustrate the value of developing democratic structures to reflect this constituency and improve trade union representation and participation.
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  • 27
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Industrial relations journal 30 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2338
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Data from a survey of union activists in twelve unions, and from a survey of members of the Communication Workers Union, are used to argue that changes in labour management and work organisation do not provide scope for social partnership at work, but do represent new difficulties for collective representation.
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  • 28
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Industrial relations journal 29 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2338
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Using data from a longitudinal survey the authors critically evaluate how equal opportunity programmes in South Africa have led to changes in internal labour markets of medium and large organisations. The article identifies factors associated with superior performance in this area, examines proposed legislation, and makes recommendations for public policy regarding regulation of employment equity.
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  • 29
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Industrial relations journal 29 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2338
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In the first half of the 1990s Japan experienced a prolonged recession. How have Japanese firms reacted to the changed economic context? Using identical surveys administered in 1991 and 1995 this article examines changes in labour management and strategy and concludes, despite some significant modifications, that the basic configuration of Japanese labour management has remained intact.
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  • 30
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    Industrial relations journal 29 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2338
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The shearers have always played a prominent role in industrial relations in Australia. This article examines the transition from a long history of adversarial industrial relations to a new found cooperation and uses the case study to reflect upon current developments in Australian industrial relations.
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    Industrial relations journal 29 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2338
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In their article Peter Turnbull and Vicki Wass examine a model of ‘Marksist management’. This piece will argue, by means of deconstructing their model along the themes that they raised, that the evidence presented by the authors, and the conclusions that they draw from them, are flawed in three respects. They are as follows: first, the use of the dichotomy of ‘rhetoric’ versus ‘reality’ is a false one; second, the data are selected from employees at one store, and are thus an unrepresentative sample; third, the research methodology used does not account for differences between stores.
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  • 32
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    Industrial relations journal 28 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2338
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The industrial relations of appraisal is a neglected area. Here the author examines the introduction of an appraisal scheme of a unionised, public sector occupational group, and shows how an apparently individualised approach is collectivised by union involvement. It draws on documentary sources, quantitative and qualitative data in the analysis.
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    Industrial relations journal 28 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2338
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This article examines the relationship between subcontracting and occupational health and safety in the Australian and UK residential building industry. It is argued that poorer OHS is an important consequence of subcontracting. This finding has implications for theories of injury causation and analysing the impact of outsourcing on industrial relations.
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    Industrial relations journal 28 (1997), S. 0 
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    Topics: Economics
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    Industrial relations journal 28 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2338
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This article describes the operations of the Football League Appeals Committee in determining ‘compensation’ fees for disputed transfers of ‘end of contract’ football players, and examines its settlements with respect to ‘case facts’ and ‘final offers’. The FLAC system has been generally viewed as fair in principle and its retention, in a post-Bosman regime, should ensure the continuation of an interesting context in which to examine arbitration behaviour.
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    Industrial relations journal 28 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2338
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Paying for the Piper: Capital and Labour in Britain’s Offshore Oil Industry. Charles Woolfson, John Foster and Matthias Beck Managing The Unions — The impact of legislation on trade unions’ behaviour. Roger Undy, Patricia Fosh, Huw Morris, Paul Smith and Roderick Martin One Big Union: A History of the Australian Workers Union 1886–1994. Mark Hearn and Harry Knowles The European Labour Market. Nick J. Adnett Restructuring Krakow: Desperately Seeking Capitalism,. Employment and Work Relations in Context Series, Jane Hardy and Al Rainnie L’État des relations professionnelles_Traditions et perspectives de recherche. G. Murray, M.–L. Morin and I. Da Costa Regional Integration and Industrial Relations in North America. Maria Lorena Cook and Harry C. Katz (eds) Human Resource Management; Rhetorics and Realities. Karen Legge The Politics of Empowerment. Peter McLaverty
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    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Differences in test-taker perceptions between overt and personality-based integrity tests were examined. Following administration of both types of integrity tests, 255 undergraduate students provided ratings of perceived face validity and perceived predictive validity. Following receipt of actual test scores, 126 test takers participated in a second phase of the study in which they reported perceptions of distributive justice. Test takers perceived overt integrity tests as having greater face validity and predictive validity than personality-based integrity tests. Perceptions of job-relatedness were not strongly related to test performance on either test type. Distributive justice perceptions were related to test performance, but not type of integrity test.
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  • 38
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    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The justice perspective is the current dominant framework for research on applicant perceptions of test fairness. Recently, an emerging perspective suggests that self-serving bias mechanisms may be operative in the development of test fairness perceptions. Using data from 494 actual applicants to an entry-level State Police Trooper position, this study integrates both the justice and self-serving bias perspectives to achieve a better understanding of test fairness perceptions. Results from structural equation modeling show that perceived job-relevance affects perceived fairness. In addition, test performance affects both perceptions indirectly through perceived performance.
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    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Schabracq, Marc J., Winnibst, Jacques A.M. and Cooper, Cary L., Handbook of Work and Health PsychologyBandura, Albert, Self-efficacy: the exercise of controlWiggins, Jerry S. The Five-Factor Model of Personality. Theoretical PerspectivesArredondo, Patricia, Successful diversity management initiatives: a blueprint for planning and implementation
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Modern computer technology permits efficient evaluation of test scores in terms of basic orthogonal factors of ability. A three-level hierarchical model of cognitive abilities was used as the theoretical basis of the computerized Swedish Enlistment Battery (CAT-SEB). Structural analysis of ten ability tests on a sample of 1,436 conscripts by confirmatory factor analysis (tested by the LISREL system) revealed a general, a verbal and a spatial factor -- although the determinacy of the latter was weak. A nested factor model was used, with direct influences of the latent variables on the tests. This result is a construct validity evaluation of the testing system. Unrelated factor scores of the three latent variables comprise the output of the testing system. Future research should evaluate the efficiency of the prediction from the latent variables.
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    Notes: The role of seven variables in predicting supervisor rating accuracy was examined. The study was conducted in natural settings, and the criterion for rating accuracy was the rated salesperson’s productivity in terms of sales. The predictors examined were the supervisor’s gender, the amount of time the supervisor spent working with the subordinate, the length of the supervisor–subordinate relationship, depth of acquaintance, the subordinate’s sensitivity to expressive behavior in others, the ability to modify self-presentation and the subordinate’s age. The participants were 208 supervisors and 268 female salespersons. The results of a discriminant analysis showed that the variables predicting accuracy–inaccuracy were different from those predicting overestimation–underestimation. Accuracy was best predicted by the length of the supervisor–subordinate relationship and by the supervisor’s female gender. The direction of the inaccurate ratings was best predicted by high acquaintance, which pulled the ratings in a positively-biased direction.
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Cooper, Dominic and Robertson, Ivan T., The Psychology of Personnel Selection. A Quality ApproachClark, Timothy, European Human Resource Management: An Introduction to Comparative Theory and PracticeWest, Michael A., Handbook of Work Group PsychologyNewell, Susan, The healthy organization: fairness, ethics and effective management
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    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
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    Notes: This article describes the Industrial and Organizational Psychology Programme at the University of Colorado at Denver (CU-Denver). First, we provide an overview of the programme's most salient characteristics and objectives. Next, we summarize five ongoing research programmes being conducted at CU-Denver: (a) Social Power and Influence in Organizations, (b) Personnel Selection, (c) Applied Research Methods, (d) Training Evaluation, and (e) Cognitive Assessment. For each research programme we describe (a) primary questions addressed, (b) selective recent findings, and (c) current projects and future directions. Finally, we describe the role and current activities of the Centre for Applied Psychology
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    Industrial relations journal 30 (1999), S. 0 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Magnus Sverke (ed.), The Future of Trade Unionism: International Perspectives on Emerging Union StructuresMichael Costa and Mark Hearn (eds), Reforming Australia’s Unions: Insights from Southland MagazineKeith Grint, Management: A Sociological IntroductionJ. Storey, P. Edwards and K. SissonManagers in the Making: Careers, Development and Control in Corporate Britain
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    Notes: Sanford M. Jacoby, Modern Manors: Welfare Capitalism since the New DealPeter Ackers, Chris Smith and Paul Smith (eds), The New Workplace and Trade Unionism: Critical Perspectives in Work and OrganizationRaymond Markey and Jacques Monat (eds), Innovation and Employee Participation Through Works Councils—International Case StudiesA. Goldsmith, D. Nickson, D. Sloan and R. Wood, Human Resource Management for Hospital ServicesFrank Burchill, Labour Relations. Second Edition
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    Notes: The Danish system of industrial relations bears a lot of similarity to the traditional Scandinavian model of industrial relations. In this article the authors argue that whilst the Danish model has weathered the forces of change remarkably well up to now, a number of recent developments have started to produce ‘cracks’ in the model.
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    Notes: The means by which multinational companies (MNCs) develop and diffuse transnational industrial relations practices are the focus of this article. It elaborates different channels through which international management exercises influence over local practice in operations across different countries. Drawing on survey findings, it identifies the kinds of MNC in which the exercise of such transnational influence is most prevalent. The processes involved are investigated through an in-depth study of a European food MNC. This highlights the importance of ‘unobtrusive’ channels of transnational influence operating within a structure which promotes both cooperation and competition between local units.
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    Notes: The vision of TQM promises unity, teamworking, autonomy and empowerment. This article explores how this vision was contradicted by organisational restructuring and the hierarchical imposition of redundancies and contingent employment insecurity in a medium sized bank. As a result it was found that the meaning and legitimacy of TQM for both employees and many managers was called into question.
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    Notes: Business deregulation has been an important and growing component of governmental policy in recent years, and workplace health and safety has not been immune from such pressures. The article analyses the origins and aims of the deregulation campaigns in the USA and Britain, the attitudes of employers and unions, and suggests that the issue is unlikely to disappear.
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    Notes: Labour relations in Taiwan have transformed since 1987. In this study, management concepts regarding unions, compensation, grievances, safety and health are compared among local Taiwanese, American, and Japanese firms in Taiwan. Data are obtained from a questionnaire survey and follow–up interviews. Implications of the research results are also discussed.
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    Notes: This commentary examines the main objectives of the European Commission Fourth Medium-Term Action Programme on Equal Opportunities for Men and Women (1996–2000). An assessment is made of the objectives, and the methods proposed to achieve them.
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    Notes: Beardwell, Ian Contemporary Relations: A Critical AnalysisCressey, Peter and Jones, Bryn Work and Employment in Europe: A New Convergence?Berger, Stefan and Broughton, David The Force of LabourGennard, John and Bain, Peter A History of the Society of Graphical and Allied TradesHendry, Chris Human Resources Management: A Strategic Approach to EmploymentDeakin, Simon and Morris, Gillian S Labour Law
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    International journal of selection and assessment 4 (1996), S. 0 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Recent changes in the demographic structures of industrialized nations pose a potentially serious threat to work organizations in terms of their ability to attract and retain high calibre personnel. Specifically, the number of young people in their late teens and early-to-mid twenties is on the decline at the present time, coupled with a long-term recession, thus posing a dilemma for organizations concerned to develop and maintain a viable workforce. This article reports the findings of a three-country comparative study, conducted in The Netherlands, France and the United Kingdom, designed to investigate the extent to which graduate employers are aware of current demographic trends in the labour market and what HRM policies they are instituting, given this context. The findings reveal considerable levels of ignorance across all three countries, suggesting that attempts by various Government bodies, employers' organizations, professional associations and academics to draw attention to the potentially serious consquences of inadequate planning and future skill provision have largely failed. The results indicate that many organizations are engaging in human resource strategies which are not well suited to meeting the challenges of the 1990s.
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    Notes: The performance appraisal process makes many demands on a manager's cognitive abilities as there are a number of competing requirements. For instance, recalling performance information after a long period of time, determining training needs, ascertaining future objectives, etc. The processing objective present at the time of observation may also influence whether evaluations are made ‘on-line’ or are ‘memory-based’. Some research has found that the rating instrument may moderate memory and judgement by making certain information salient (Ilgen, Barnes-Farrell, and McKellin 1993; Lichtenstein and Srull 1987; Woehr and Feldman 1993). While some studies have investigated both rating and recall order and processing objective, none have investigated both of these factors in relationship to time delay and the influence of impressions that were not directly related to performance. It has been suggested that the tendency to recall impressions of others rather than specific behaviour that lead to these impressions increase over time (DeNisi, Cafferty and Meglino 1984; Kozlowski and Ford 1991; Murphy and Balzer 1986). This study sets out to examine the influence of three variables, information processing objective, order of recall and rating and time delay on the relationship between memory and judgement and the various models important to these processes (DeNisi, Cafferty and Meglino 1984; Woehr and Feldman 1993; Hastie, Park and Weber 1984; Williams, Cafferty and DeNisi 1990). The experiment was a 2 × 2 × 2 between subjects factorial design with three independent variables with 187 students from various disciplines. Support was found for the model of performance appraisal by DeNisi et al. (1984) in that overall evaluations influenced dimensional ratings when a time delay was introduced. However, the hypothesized effect of recall/rating order was in the opposite direction to that expected, indicating that there were additional factors that influenced the relationship between memory and judgement.
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    Notes: The relationship between Pilot Candidate Selection Method (PCSM) scores and the number of flying training hours required to complete United States Air Force Undergraduate Pilot Training (UPT) was investigated on a sample of 1,082 graduates. This was done to demonstrate that ability testing has real world correlates and that cost savings accrued as a result of ability testing. The criterion ‘extra flying hours’ was computed by subtracting each student's cumulative flying hours from the sample mean. The correlations (corrected for range restriction) between PCSM scores and primary and advanced flying training extra hours were −0.206 and −0.270, respectively. Demonstrating that UPT graduates with higher PCSM scores required fewer flying hours to complete training facilitates the estimation of the cost avoidance achieved by ability tests.
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper presents a survey designed to identify the procedures used by British university departments when selecting academic staff and compare them with typical practice in other UK organizations. The results indicate that, compared with other large organizations, university departments make much less use of psychometric tests or assessment centres, relying heavily on the application form, a single interview and a presentation. There were no differences between academic departments of English, Biology or Psychology and the level of academic appointment only affected the composition of the interview panel. Possible reasons for the failure to use modern objective methods of selection are considered. It is argued that universities should apply more objective selection methods based on a full analysis of the competencies required of the higher education lecturer.
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    Notes: Two studies were concerned with the perceived fairness of the promotion procedures adopted by a police organization. The first study used Leventhal's (1980) theory of procedural justice to analyse the reasons given by unsuccessful candidates for their appeals against the decision. A content analysis revealed that the rules of ‘consistency and accuracy’ accounted for 81.8% of all the reasons stated. The second study applied the social cognitive theory (Bandura 1989a; 1989b) to examining the effect of perceived procedural fairness on unsuccessful candidates' self-efficacy and job attitudes related to police work. Results show that ‘procedural fairness’ was predictive of ‘self-efficacy and procedural satisfaction’, both of which in turn predicted officers' organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Theoretical implications of the studies for procedural justice and social cognitive theory were discussed.
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    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) has been shown to be a valid predictor of Masters of Business Administration (MBA) performance in the USA, but no UK validity studies have been published. This study uses a large sample of UK MBA students to examine the validity and fairness of GMAT. It is found that GMAT-Verbal is a good predictor of MBA examination performance but GMAT-Quantitative is not. It is also found that both components are unfair to native English speakers. The reasons for these findings are to be found in the nature of the criterion employed. Some observations are made regarding the consequences for best practice of the competitive and political context of MBA selection.
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This study aims to shed light on possible problems of assessment center users and designers when developing and implementing assessment centers. Semi-structured interviews with a representative sample of assessment center users in Flanders revealed that, besides a large variability in assessment center practice, practitioners experience problems with dimension selection and definition, exercise design, line/staff managers as assessors, distinguishing between observation and evaluation, and with the content of assessor training programs. Solutions for these problems are suggested.
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    Notes: The application form currently used in police officer recruitment neither measures competencies necessary ‘on the job’, nor screens out inappropriate applicants. To improve this situation, a competency-based application form was developed and trialled in three police forces. Results were compared with those obtained via the assessment centre acting as the first competency screening stage of the current selection process.A high level of correspondence was found between the two sets of results raising a query as to whether the application form could be a valid replacement for the assessment centre. A future validation study, in which the performance of recruited police officers is compared with application form results, will better answer this question. In the meantime, it is proposed that the competency-based application form questions are incorporated into the current form to reduce the number of inappropriate applicants reaching expensive, labour-intensive stages of the selection process.
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    Notes: In light of changing demographics one of the biggest future challenges for selection and promotion will be identifying individuals who are able to effectively work with dissimilar others and are receptive to differences in others. Since a reliable and valid measure of individuals’ receptiveness to dissimilar others does not currently exist, a biodata-based measure of this construct was developed using traditional scale development techniques. Evidence of the new measure’s reliability and validity are provided. Implications for theory-building and future research are presented, as well as potential applications for selection and assessment.
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    Notes: A content analysis of US federal court cases was conducted to assess the relative frequency of litigation associated with nine selection devices: 1) unstructured interviews; 2) structured interviews; 3) biographical information blanks; 4) cognitive ability tests; 5) personality tests; 6) honesty tests; 7) physical ability tests; 8) work sample tests; and 9) assessment centers. The outcomes of the cases (whether the devices were ruled to be discriminatory) for each of the nine types of selection devices were also examined. The possible implications of the current findings for organizations and researchers are discussed.
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    Notes: The relationship between individual difference variables and the contribution to team functioning was examined in 58 members of management teams. Extraversion and self-efficacy for working in teams were related to attraction to the team, which in turn was related to a rating of team effectiveness. Extraversion was also related directly to team effectiveness. The relationship between conscientiousness and team functioning was not clear. The results are considered supportive for the validity of self-efficacy for teams and extraversion as indicators of the ability and propensity of individuals to contribute to the functioning of management teams.
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    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: There is a wealth of advice offered by ‘experts’ in HRM concerning the content of the effective job advertisement. This study considers whether following such advice would provide the potential job applicant with the information they want and questions the extent to which employers actually heed this advice.It firstly compares the normative guidelines with what potential applicants' for managerial posts consider to be important. A second strand to the analysis examines the extent to which advertising practice mirrors the requirements of the job-seeker market. The results give some solace to recruiters but also demonstrates that there is a long way to go before job advertisements achieve the content that job-seekers require.
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Organisations have long acknowledged the value of performance appraisal in both administration decisions and in motivating employees. However, it would appear that most empirical research has focused on compulsory systems designed for use with executives and managers (Bannister and Balkin 1990; Ilgen, Fisher and Taylor 1979; Klein 1989). The reluctance to implement appraisal systems with lower level and base-grade employees may be due to several factors, including employee and union resistance to compulsory systems of appraisal (Nankervis 1990). Faced with this problem, appraisal can be viewed by appraisees and appraisers as an `innovation'. In a climate with growing emphasis on participative management styles, self-regulated or voluntary systems of performance appraisal may become increasingly prevalent and important. Thus, 476 base-grade (shop floor) employees of an Australian government business enterprise completed a survey regarding issues such as attitude to performance appraisal, source credibility, system satisfaction, anticipated feedback, perceived consequences of participation and intention to enter the system. Roger's (1983) innovation-decision model was utilised in the structure and analysis of the data and provided useful insights regarding the factors which are related to participation in a voluntary system of performance appraisal. Findings indicated that attitude towards, and support of, performance appraisal in general, perception of consequences of performance appraisal, satisfaction with the supervisor, anticipated feedback, and awareness and knowledge of the system in place in the organisation, were important in predicting the decision to adopt or reject the performance appraisal scheme.
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    Notes: Are organizations interested in realizing the potential of their employees? How far have they progressed in utilizing performance assessment instruments for developmental purposes? There is a growing need for redirecting organizations towards greater knowledge productivity and using the competencies of their employees in a knowledge-productive way. Development centers provide possibilities for analyzing and diagnosing the relevant competencies of personnel whilst at the same time, providing a match with further development.This study examines managers’ attitudes towards assessment centers and their potential to be used for developmental purposes. The problems and processes involved in using assessment centers in this way were studied within a representative set of large, Dutch organizations. In addition, the conceptions of management and the implementation conditions needed for the introduction of development centers were examined. The advantages of development centers as a knowledge-productive tool for assessment in organizations are discussed to help managers decide about developmental programs.
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    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In Germany computer-simulated scenarios have been applied in personnel management for several years. Their goals are either to assess how potential managers cope with complex and connected problem states (job aptitude testing aspect) or to provide feedback on manager strengths and weaknesses in dealing with complexity, and how to modify these when necessary (training aspect). This paper presents and evaluates those scenarios that have been subjected to validity studies.
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  • 81
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Various stimulus components (video, orally-presented questions) and response components (multiple-choice, written, orally-given replies) of situational judgement tests of occupational social competency were investigated as to their impact upon the validity for a behavior-oriented role playing criterion while keeping test content constant. The stimulus component video alone had no impact upon validity. The response components contributed to validity. Validity increased with improved fidelity of response components. Concerning stimulus-response-combinations, the validity of two video tests (r = 0.17 and r = 0.36) was not higher than the validity of similar oral questioning (r = 0.13 and r = 0.37) but was significantly lower than a situational interview (r = 0.59). Response fidelity proved to be a bottleneck regarding validity of video tests. As a result, it is recommended that, in order to maximize validity of video and multimedia efforts, the developers of video- and multimedia tests focus special attention on response fidelity.
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  • 82
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The Belbin Team Role Self-Perception Inventory (SPI) is a well-known and well-used measure for identifying an individual’s team roles. Less well-known is Belbin’s Observer’s Assessment Sheet (OAS) which can also be used by colleagues of the individual concerned or, at least, those who know him or her well. To assess team role this study compared these two different team role measures when applied to a sample of 65 members of 11 different management teams. The results showed that only 35 of the 65 observer sets agreed amongst themselves about the team roles of the individual they observed and only seven of these 35 sets showed good agreement between the observers’ assessments and those of the individuals themselves. Positive correlations between the SPI scores and the OAS scores were found for only five of the nine team roles. The findings are discussed in terms of inter-rater problems and the reliability of the instruments.
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  • 83
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This report highlights some of the challenges faced when using multi-rater feedback around the world. It is based on the observations of coaches who have worked with a variety of managers from different cultures using a 360 degree feedback instrument — the PROFILOR®. Reference is made to some of the research on cultural differences in order to clarify, or otherwise, some of the issues raised.
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  • 84
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: One of the most theoretically developed models of organizational socialization is Van Maanen and Schein's (1979) typology of six tactics. Jones' (1986) operationalization of these tactics has been used in most survey studies of the Van Maanen and Schein model. However, questions remain concerning the dimensionality of the operationalization. Self-report data from business school graduates after 4 months (n = 295) and 10 months (n = 222) on the job indicate that: (1) a 6-factor model better approximates the covariance matrix of the socialization items than do competing 1- and 3-factor models, (2) the 6-factor model better predicts certain work adjustment variables than the 3-factor model, and the 3-factor model better predicts certain variables than the 1-factor model, and (3) the collective, formal, sequential, fixed, serial, and investiture tactics are positively interrelated, suggesting a structured program of early work experience.
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  • 85
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The use of objectively validated projective tests in personnel decisions has been limited in recent years because of the perception that such tests are highly subjective, difficult to administer, and difficult to score in a reliable manner. The present paper demonstrates the use of a brief (½ hour) projective test battery consisting of the Bender–Gestalt, House–Tree–Person, and a free drawing test which can be administered in a personnel office and scored blindly using an objective scoring system. The study showed that such a battery could predict six month retention rates in a sample of recently hired corrections officers at statistically significant rates (2 = 6.25, p 〈 0.05) despite the fact that the individuals had already been thoroughly prescreened using the company's comprehensive normal procedures. The possible uses and advantages of a language-free projective battery are discussed along with future research directions.
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  • 86
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 87
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The development of attitudes and activities of newcomers in the 18 months following the first period of socialization was investigated. At two points in time, persons' preferences for seven work climates were compared with perceived climate. Changes in person-climate fit were assessed, using a squared difference index, after alternative fit-indices were tested with hierarchical regression analysis. Person-climate fit and work attitudes at T1 (eight to ten months after entry) were examined by comparing three groups of respondents who did not change jobs, changed jobs within the organization or changed organizations. Results showed no alpha, beta or gamma changes for the total group of 108 respondents. Alpha changes were only found for respondents who changed jobs. They showed higher ratings for job satisfaction at T2. Finally, work attitudes at T1 were related to turnover. Organizational changers showed higher turnover intentions and higher discrepancies between preferred and perceived risk orientation and work pressure at T1.
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  • 88
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 89
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This study examined situational and individual influences on the proactive information seeking of newcomers. Task interdependence was expected to be positively related to information seeking, given that it links newcomers to organizational insiders. Newcomers' work related self-efficacy and the physical accessibility of organizational insiders were both predicted to moderate the relationship between task interdependence and information seeking. Usable surveys were completed by 421 co-op students (295 males and 126 females) who had been participating in career-relevant internships for approximately 4.5 weeks. All students were enrolled in an educational programme that rotates students between twelve weeks in class and twelve weeks on internship over a period of five years. Controlling for the number of previous internships and size of work group, results supported the joint moderating effect, with newcomers low on self-efficacy exhibiting greater information seeking when task interdependence and accessibility were high. Applied implications of the results and directions for future research on proactive information seeking and socialization are discussed.
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  • 90
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 91
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The use of interim managers by companies is increasing, and reasons for this trend are discussed. A study is reported in which the normative personality make-up of a group of interim managers is compared with that of a general sample of UK managers. Ninety-four interim managers completed the revised PA Preference Inventory (PAPI-N) and the results are compared with those from a general UK managerial sample. Statistically significant differences are reported for 12 out of 20 scales, with nine of the effect sizes ≥ 0.5. Results are also compared with a priori job expert predictions. Of nine predictions that interim managers would differ from the general management norm, seven are consistent with the statistical findings. Practical and methodological implications of the findings, and their relation to the ‘Big Five’, are discussed, together with broader implications for the study of workers in new and emerging forms of employment. The findings are also interpreted in the particular context of interim management roles.
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  • 92
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Evidence based on a survey of professional firms and in-depth interviews with decision-makers responsible for selection examines the most frequently used and valued methods for hiring qualified professional staff in a sample of Scottish accountancy, architecture, law, and surveying practices. The survey suggests an emphasis on personality, work experience and general attributes for senior posts, and that high value is placed on interviews and informal sources of information in assessing these qualities. Firm characteristics and context, particularly size of practice, the role of the partner in the selection process, labour supply, and perception of recruitment difficulties are shown to be related to the type of selection method used. Consistent with the view of selection as a social process, the case study evidence suggests that ‘informality’ may play an important role when partners responsible for selection have long tenure with their firm and when firms experience recruitment difficulties. More generally, informal networks and interview processes may act as effective information and communication vehicles for small and medium-sized professional practices.
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  • 93
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 94
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Books reviewed:Christopher Mabey, Denise Skinner and Timothy Clark Experiencing Human Resource ManagementChristina Maslach and Michael P. Leiter The Truth about Burnout: How Organizations Cause Personal Stress and What to Do About ItK.W. De Dreu and Evert Van De Vliert Using Conflict in OrganizationsRichard Jeanneret and Rob Silzer Individual Psychological Assessment: Predicting Behavior in Organizational Settings
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  • 95
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 7 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This study highlights an approach to the development of performance and predictor constructs that has the potential to permit context and culture relevant selection. Task, contextual and adaptive measures of performance were used as criterion data in a selection study involving 325 staff in the hotel industry. Construct-oriented biodata were developed to predict adaptive and contextual performance and the validities were contrasted with measures of cognitive ability and personality. The results provided construct support for the separation of adaptive performance from task and contextual performance and for the predictive validity of change-related biodata after controlling for cognitive ability. The pattern of correlations among the personality measures, biodata scales and cognitive tests supported the construct validity of the biodata scales. Results are discussed in relation to the context in which the data were collected, and the general relevance of the procedure across countries or cultures.
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  • 96
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 97
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 98
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Sex and ethnic group differences were examined on the operational composites and tests used to select applicants for US Air Force officer commissioning programmes and for pilot training. Results showed that large mean score differences in applicant samples were substantially reduced among the pilot trainees. Despite differences in test performance, there was no evidence of differential validity for groups. When group differences in predicted pilot training completion rate were observed, performance was overestimated for the minority group relative to the majority group. When regression equations were adjusted for unreliability of the predictors, the observed differences in intercepts were reduced or eliminated. No prediction bias was observed against the minority groups.
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  • 99
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 100
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    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The growing number of expatriates highlights the importance of organizational socialization as these people strive to adjust to a new work environment in a foreign country. Research hypotheses presented by Feldman (1997) are reviewed for their impact on future research. The complexities of organizational socialization or work adjustment within an international context are believed to transcend the bounds of simple linear relationships. Five of the hypotheses are discussed to illustrate these complexities and to offer new ideas for future research.
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