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  • Artikel  (32)
  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (32)
  • Solanum tuberosum  (15)
  • Oryza sativa  (14)
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  • Chemical Engineering
  • Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
  • phosphorus
  • temperature
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  • 1975-1979  (32)
  • Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft  (32)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum ; sprout inhibition ; bacterial soft rot ; tuber moth disinfestation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Eine Reihe von Versuchen mit zehn indischen, im Handel bedeutsamen Kartoffelsorten wurde von 1971 bis 1975 durchgeführt, um die Verluste nach der Ernte zu bestimmen, die auf verschiedene Faktoren während der Lagerung von gammabestrahlten und unbestrahlten Knollen unter tropischen (28–32 C) und kühlen (4, 10 und 15 C) Bedingungen zurückzuführen sind. Einzelheiten über die Muster im Versuch 1975 sind in Tabelle 1 angegeben. Die Knollen wurden in einem60Co-Bestrahlungsgerät bestrahlt und in weitmaschigen Jutesäcken eingelagert. Die Ergebnisse sind in den Tabellen 2 bis 9 und den Abb. 1–3 dargestellt. Bei tropischen Umgebungstemperaturen wurde die Bakterien-Nassfäule, verursacht durchErwinia carotovora var.atroseptica, als der Hauptfaktor befunden, der bei eingelagerten Produkten im Verlauf von 3 bis 4 Monaten Verluste von 50 bis 70% brachte. Das Waschen der Knollen in Natriumhypochlorit-Lösung (200 mg verfügbares Chlor pro Liter) oder Verbesserung der Lüftung durch Lagerung in Harassen verminderte das Vorkommen von Nassfäule unter diesen Bedingungen nicht (Tabelle 5). Die mengenmässigen Verluste infolge Auskeimens. Ausschwitzens und Veratmung während der viermonatigen Lagerung bei Umgebungstemperaturen schwankten von 8 bis 13%. Obwohl die Gammabestrahlung bei 10 krad das Auskeimen bei allen Sorten vollständig unterdrückte, ist die Lagerung von bestrahlten Knollen bei tropischen Umgebungstem-peraturen wegen der hohen bakteriellen Verderbnis nicht möglich. Nassfäule kann durch Lagerung der Knollen bei 10 oder 15 C bedeutend verringert werden; bei diesen Temperaturen wird jedoch das Auskeimen beschleunigt, die Knollen werden nach 3 Monaten Lagerung schrumpfig und unbrauchbar. Allein das Gewicht der abgenommenen Keime verursacht einen Verlust von 8 bzw. 16% des Anfangsgewichts der Knollen nach 3 bzw. 6 Monaten Lagerung (Tabelle 6). Eine Kombination von Bestrahlung, gefolgt von Lagerung besonders bei 10 C, scheint eine Alternative zu bieten, und die Lagerverluste auf ein Mindestmass herabzusetzen, obwohl die Verluste im allgemeinen grösser als die unter der konventionellen Kühllagerung bei 2–4 C beobachteten sind. Je nach Sorte und Jahreszeit schwankten die gesamten mengenmässigen Verluste bei bestrahlten Knollen während sechsmonatiger Lagerung bei 10 oder 15 C zwischen 7 und 30% gegenüber 5 bis 18% bei unbestrahlten Knollen und 2–4 C Lagertemperatur. Verwendung von Sorten mit besseren Lagerungseigenschaften und Auswahl gut verkorkter und gesunder Knollen für die Bestrahlung kann die Lagerverluste bei 10 bis 15 C weiter verringern. Bestrahlung bei 10 krad eliminierte auch die Eier und frühen Larvenstadien der KartoffelmottePhthorimaea operculella Zel., die eine der zerstörerischten Schädlinge bei eingelagerten Kartoffeln in den Tropen ist (Abb. 1).
    Kurzfassung: Résumé Une série d'essais portant sur dix variétés commer-cialement importantes, cultivées en Inde, a été réalisée de 1971 à 1975, pour évaluer, après la récolte, les pertes provoquées par différents facteurs pendant la conservation de tubercules irradiés et non irradiés et placés dans une ambiance tropicale (28–32 C) ou réfrigèrée (4, 10 et 15 C). Le détail des échantillons étudiés en 1975 est donné dans le tableau 1. Les tubercules ont été traités au Cobalt 60 et stockés dans des sacs de jute à grandes mailles. Les résultats sont présentés aux tableau 2 à 9 et figures 1–3. Dans une ambiance tropicale, la pourriture bacté-rienne provoquee parErwinia carotovora var.atroseptica est principalement responsable de 50 à 70% des pertes au cours de 3 à 4 moins de stockage. Le lavage des tubercules dans une solution d'hypochlorite de sodium (200 mg litre de chlore libre) ou l'amélioration de la ventilation en conservant dans des caisses de bois à claire-voie ne réduit pas l'importance de la pourriture sous ces conditions (tableau 5). Les pertes de poids provoquées par la germination, la transpiration et la respiration pendant 4 mois de conservation à température ambiante se situent entre 8 et 13%. Bien que l'irradiation gamma à 10 krad supprime totalement la germination de toutes les variétés, la conservation des tubercules irradiés dans une ambiance tropicale est irréalisable en raison des pertes élevées d'origine bactérienne. La pourriture humide peut être fortement réduite par une conservation à 10 ou 15 C. Cependant, à ces températures, la germination est accélérée, les tubercules se rident et sont inutilisables après 3 mois de stockage, les pertes de poids dues à la germination représentant 8 à 16% après respectivement 3 et 6 mois de conservation (tableau 6). La combinaison de l'irradiation et d'un stockage à 10 C permet de minimiser les pertes bien qu'en général, elles soient plus élevées que celles observées à 2–4 C. Suivant la variété, la saison, les tubercules irradiés perdent en 6 mois de conservation, à 10 ou 15 C, 7 à 30% de leur poids contre 5 à 18% pour les tubercules non irradiés stockés à 2·4 C. L'utilisation, pour l'irradiation, de variétés de bonne conservation choisies parmi celles dont les tubercules se cicatrisent bien, permet à 10 15 C, de réduire les pertes. L'irradiation à 10 krad élimine également les ocufs et les larves précoces de teignePhthorimaea operculella (Zeller) qui est un des insectes qui provoque le plus de dégâts dans les stockages de pommes de terre sous les tropiques.
    Notizen: Summary Experiments with ten potato varieties revealed that soft rot due toErwinia carotovora var.atroseptica is the major factor causing 30 to 70% losses during 2 to 4 months storage at tropical temperatures (27 32 C). Sodium hypochlorite wash or increased ventilation did not reduce the incidence of soft rot. Storage at 10–15 C markedly reduces soft rot but accelerates sprouting. Gamma irradiation at 10 krad completely suppresses sprouting regardless of storage temperature. Storage of irradiated potatoes under tropical temperatures is not feasible due to bacterial spoilage. However irradiated tubers can be stored with reduced losses (7 to 30%) for 5–6 months at 10–15 C. Irradiation also eliminates the egg and early larval stages of the tuber moth,Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), a serious pest of stored potatoes in tropics. Irradiation followed by storage at 10 C thus offer an alternate method for potato storage in tropics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 22 (1979), S. 365-369 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum ; sprout inhibition ; varieties
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A comparative study of nine Indian potato varieties showed a good correlation between their total carotenoid content and the tuber flesh colour. Regardless of varietal differences, carotenoid level showed an increase during storage at ambient temperature (25–30°C) and to a lesser extent at 2–4°C and 15°C. Tubers exposed to an irradiation dose of 10 krad for sprout inhibition showed decreased levels of carotenoids during storage, particularly at 15°C where 50% loss was observed after 6 months of storage. Irradiated tubers stored for seven months at 15°C, on reconditioning at 34–35°C for 6 to 12 days showed a 2- to 6-fold increase in their carotenoid content.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Potato research 22 (1979), S. 69-73 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum ; suberisation ; water permeability
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A rapid and simple method for assessing wound healing in dises of potato tuber tissue has been developed. The rate of water loss is measured when batches of six dises are briefly exposed in a stream of air. The rate of water loss shows little change during the early stages of wound healing but decreases rapidly later.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant and soil 51 (1979), S. 233-246 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Active iron ; Active manganese ; C-A values ; Iron contents ; Lowland rice ; Manganese contents ; NPK-nutrition ; Oryza sativa ; Root precipitates ; Soil pH ; Upland rice
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The combination of low Mn levels and high Fe levels in tissues of lowland rice varieties, as often encountered when rice is grown on acid soils, is not likely to result from an antagonistic effect of Fe on the uptake of Mn. Experiments with rice plants growing on sand, supplied with Fe and Mn, and subjected to various pH levels and moisture regimes, made it clear that under acid anaerobic conditions the absorption of Mn by rice plants is little affected by the presence of large quantities of Fe, and that under acid aerobic conditions the absorption of Fe by rice plants is little affected by the presence of large quantities of Mn.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant and soil 52 (1979), S. 19-29 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Chlorophyll content ; Fe nutrition ; Mn excess ; Mn nutrition ; N form ; Oryza sativa ; P nutrition ; Rice ; Si nutrition ; Water culture
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary In three water-culture experiments, the effects of variations in pH, N form, and Si- and P level on the uptake and translocation of Fe and Mn, and on the chlorophyll contents of lowland rice were examined. It was found that Mn uptake increased with increasing pH, that it was not affected by variations in N form (NO3 or NH4), and that Si has a suppressive effect on Mn uptake. With increasing pH, the translocation of Fe to the shoots was reduced. This pH effect might be indirect, in that Fe translocation is hampered by excessive Mn uptake induced by high pH. Variations in N form and in Si level did not influence Fe uptake and- translocation. A combination of high P-and high Mn levels in solution proved to reduce the translocation of Fe to the rice shoots. Precipitation of Mn phosphate on the roots is likely to occur at high concentrations of both Mn and P in the root medium. A negative correlation was found between chlorophyll content and Mn content of the leaves. The chlorophyll content was not related to the iron content of the leaves. It is likely that chlorosis of rice leaves in an early growth stage can be caused by several combinations of the following factors: 1. high Mn supply, 2. NO3 nutrition inducing an increase in solution pH favouring a further increase in Mn uptake, 3. absence of Si which exerts a suppressive effect on Mn uptake, and 4. high P supply. These factors can induce chlorosis, with and without exerting a concomitant influence on the uptake and translocation of Fe.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant and soil 53 (1979), S. 245-249 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Ion-exchange ; nethod Organic ; soil Plant-available ; phosphorus ; Sub-antarctic ; soils
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary An anion-exchange procedure in which soil samples are shaken with polyester-netting bags containing a strongly basic resin has proved to be the only method too date which yields reproducible ‘plantavailable’ P estimates on Marion Island soils. Available P determinations using chemical extractants are hampered by high iron, aluminium and organic matter contents in these soils. Resin-extractable soil P levels correlated strongly with plant leaf P contents at a wide variety of sites.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 28 (1979), S. 765-768 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum verrucosum ; Solanum tuberosum ; potatoes ; haploids ; colchicine ; tissue culture
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Monohaploid plants of S. verrucosum (2n=x=12) were induced in anther culture. Axillary buds from these plants were treated with colchicine in shoot tip culture for 48 hours and then transferred to a colchicine free medium. The resulting plantlets were scored for diploidy by stomatal chloroplast counts and root tip cytology and it was found that doubling of the chromosome number had occurred.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 28 (1979), S. 319-323 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Oryza sativa ; rice ; scent ; genetics ; linkage
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The inheritance of scent in rice and linkage relationship of genes governing scent with those controlling leaf sheath colour, ripening hull colour and apiculus pigmentation were studied in a cross between Pankaj (nonscented) and Kalabhat (scented) rice cultivars. The scent was identified by leaf analysis. Two dominant complementary genes Sk 1 and Sk 2 were found to be responsible for controlling scent. Either of the genes produce mild scent, the presence of both Sk 1 and Sk 2 is necessary for production of parental type scent. The genes were independent of other genes controlling leaf sheath colour, ripening hull colour and apiculus pigmentation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum ; S. vernei ; Globodera pallida ; genotype x environment interaction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The standard root-ball test for assessing quantitative resistance of Globodera pallida in host material derived from Solanum vernei has produced variable results. This study of two sets of clones shows that genotype x environment interactions are responsible and that linear regressions (b) of phenotypic means on environments may enable good predictions to be made of the effects of the interactions. A relationship between the regression value (b) and phenotypic mean is shown for this material. The implication of this for a screening procedure in a potato breeding programme aimed at increasing potato cyst nematode resistance in adapted cultivars of S. tuberosum is discussed.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Oryza sativa ; rice ; amylose content ; induced mutant
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Ninety local cultivars and 124 induced grain shape mutants were screened for their amylose content and gelatinisation temperature as indexed by the alkali disintegration patterns. The amylose content was high in most of the local cultivars and ranged from 19.2 to 32.0% and from 12.3 to 33.2% in the mutants. Wide variation was also observed for the alkali disintegration values and most of the varieties had low alkali values. A positive but low correlation between alkali values and amylose content and a negative correlation between alkali values and protein content was observed. The preliminary studies suggest that the amylose content at different milling levels increased with an increase in the level of milling. Some of the local cultivars and induced mutants were found to be superior with high amylose and high gelatinisation temperature and could be utilized in breeding programmes directed towards improving the cooking quality of high yielding varieties.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 28 (1979), S. 435-443 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Oryza sativa ; Rice ; inheritance ; flowering ; growth habit ; pigmentation ; linkage ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Genetic analysis of ten characters in a rice cross M 18 × T979 revealed the interaction of duplicate, complimentary, inhibitory and anti-inhibitory genes in conditioning pigment in eight characters and in determining flowering and growth habit. The action of genes and their interactions indicated by complex ratios for all the ten characters are claimed to be the first reports. pleiotropic action of two complementary genes and four duplicate genes has been detected. Two linkage groups, one with three genes (Ai-Plg-Ai-Pau-Pja) and the other with nine genes (Plga-Pina-Era-Efa-I-Plg-Pg1-Pn1-Pr1-Pnr1) have been constituted. The three-gene group is tentatively placed in the IV ‘mp’ group and the other with nine genes is assigned to the X ‘fh’ group. As a result of the present investigation Ai-Plg is an addition to the IV ‘mp’ group and Plga, Pina, Era, I-Plg, Pg1, Pn1 Pr1 and Pnr1 are contributions to the X ‘fh’ group.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 28 (1979), S. 697-704 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Oryza sativa ; rice ; gamma-radiation ; temperature ; mutation frequency ; heading date
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Dry seeds of rice, Oryza sativa L., containing about 13 percent moisture, were exposed to 60Co gamma raysat extremely low temperature (−196°C). M1 damage on survival rate, seedling height and seed set were found to become much smaller in the cooling treatment than in the not-cooled control. Chlorophyll and heading date mutation frequencies in the M2 generation were not affected by the decreased M1 damage caused by the cooling treatment, and the mutation frequencies could be significantly increased by applying higher doses combined with the cooling treatment. Frequency of sterile or semi-sterile mutants in the M2 generation was found to be significantly lower in the cooling treatment than in the not-cooled control. It is assumed from the experimental results that extremely low temperatures during irradiation could reduce the amount of physiological damage and gross chromosome aberrations. This results in an increased efficiency of producing minute deletions and/or point mutations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum ; potato ; self-compatibility ; dihaploid ; linkage ; virescens ; translocation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Three dihaploids of Solanum tuberosum (two self-compatible, one self-incompatible) were found to be heterozygous for a monogenic recessive virescent mutant. Intercrossing resulted in the expected 3 : 1 ratio only in crosses involving one self-compatible and one self-incompatible parent. Self-compatible x self-compatible matings produced F1's in which 6:1 was found. The same ratio was observed in the self progeny of the two self-compatible dihaploids. This significant deviation could be explained by assuming linkage (25% crossing-over) between v and an S-bearing translocation. This translocation causes self-compatibility in the dihaploids used and early lethality when homozygous.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 27 (1978), S. 541-551 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum ; potato ; ploidy ; gene-flow ; ‘triploid block’ ; crossability
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The formation of triploids in 4x×2x crosses was studied in primitive potato varieties from the Andes of Peru and Bolivia. Triploid frequencies were as high as 80–100% in some crosses, although the actual number of seeds was low. The ‘triploid block’ varied according to the tetraploid parent, and was never entirely absent. The likelihood of triploid formation was studied in 4x×2x crosses where pollen from both tetraploids and diploids of known genotype was used. Even though the diploids were chosen for their non-production of 2n gametes, as detected in pollen grain size, 66% of the hybrids were tetraploid. The amount and probability of gene-flow between the tetraploid and diploid gene-pools, either directly through 2n gametes or through ‘triploid bridges’ was examined. Most of the 20 cultivars of S. x chaucha produced seed in crosses with tetraploids and diploids, although the fertility of the latter crosses was four times higher. The female fertility of some of the triploids thus allows them to exchange genes with the tetraploids and diploids, although gene-flow occurs more rapidly through direct transfer from diploids to tetraploids via 2n gametes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Self-compatibility ; genetics ; dihaploids ; Solanum tuberosum ; translocation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Two self-compatible (sc) dihaploids, G254 and B16, and one self-incompatible (si) dihaploid, G609, from Solanum tuberosum L. were intercrossed reciprocally. Segregation ratios sc : si : pc (pseudo-compatible) were determined in all 6 F1's in three successive years and critically tested and discussed. Genotypes at the S-locus could be assigned to the dihaploid parents and the S-allele on the translocation in sc G254 identified as S 1. Using these genotypes all sc and si genotypes were derived which could be expected in the F1's. Incompatibility groups were detected in each F1 from the results of complete diallels involving si plants. The genotype of each group was identified by test crosses. Compatibility groups could be both detected and identified by crossing in each F1 the sc plants as females with the already identified si sibs. In this way a complete series of 6 si testers and corresponding sc genotypes was obtained involving four alleles at the S-locus and S 1 and S x on the translocation. Certative disadvantage of pollen carrying the translocation could be ruled out as a possible cause of unexpected ratios. The hypothesis of an S-bearing translocation as the cause of self-compatibility could account for all results on the assumption that translocation homozygotes are lethal and the S-allele on the translocation is active in the pollen only.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum ; potato ; incompatibility ; dihaploid
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Investigations of the genetics of self-compatibility and self-incompatibility in dihaploids and diploid derivatives from cv. Gineke revealed the presence of S 1, S2 and S 3 at the S-locus of Gineke and in addition an S 1-allele on a translocation. By means of a complete tester set involving the S-alleles S 1, S2 and S 3 (all from Gineke) and S 4 (from Black 4495) it was demonstrated that some Gineke dihaploids were compatible with all six testers. This indicated a fourth S-allele in Gineke, which differs from those in the tester series and was therefore assigned S 5. Additional evidence was obtained from an analysis of F1's from crosses of two S 5-bearing dihaploids and one of the testers. So the S-genotype of cv. Gineke was identified as S 1S2S3S5/S1, the second S 1 being the S-allele on a translocated fragment.
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 27 (1978), S. 361-368 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum ; potato ; genetic divergence ; D2
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Sixty-seven potato varieties/hybrids were grouped in 15 clusters on the basis of D2 values. The clustering pattern was not influenced by the geographic diversity of the varieties. However, a segregation between varieties of the Tuberosum and Andigena type varieties was observed. The exotic potato varieties and also the Indian varieties bred from Tuberosums showed a poor divergence. In contrast, the divergence in the varieties developed from Tuberosum-Andigena crosses was much greater. The inter-cluster distance of such varieties, with respect to Tuberosum and Andigena clusters, appeared to be influenced by the cytoplasm they carried. The varieties with Tuberosum cytoplasm were closer to clusters having Tuberosum varieties and those with Andigena cytoplasm were closer to clusters having Andigena type varieties. The characters least influenced by the selection during the course of evolution of the present day varieties were found to be mainly responsible for adding divergence to the population. A breeding plan involving varieties from different clusters has been outlined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 27 (1978), S. 13-17 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Self-compatibility ; dihaploids ; Solanum tuberosum ; lethality ; translocation homozygotes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Self-compatible (sc) plants from an I1 of the sc dihaploid G254 and from the reciprocal F1's of crosses between G254 and another sc dihaploid, B16, were crossed with the self-incompatible (si) dihaploid G609. The 34 progenies thus obtained were tested for self-compatibility. Only 2 progenies consisted merely of sc plants, the remaining ones showing a homogeneous series of 1 : 1 ratios. It is concluded that homozygosity for the S-bearing translocation mostly leads to lethality. Evidence is presented, that lethality takes place in the very early stages of the embryo and endosperm development. On the basis of the results the expected sc : si ratios in G254 × B16 and reciprocal are calculated to be 3.3 : 1. This ratio was found indeed in our experiments. These findings support the hypothesis put forward in earlier publications in this series, that self-compatibility in G254 and B16 is based on the presence of an S-bearing translocation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Schlagwort(e): Symptom ; potato virus Y ; temperature ; detection ; serology ; A6 test
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung In Klimakammern wurde der Einfluss der Temperatur auf die Symptomausbildung und die relative Viruskonzentration in Kartoffeln der Sorte Erstling, die mit PVYN und PVYO infiziert waren untersucht. Die relative Viruskonzentration. angegeben als Reziprokwert der grössten Verdünnung, bei der noch Reaktionen beobachtet wurden, wurde mit dem Mikropräcipitintest (van Slogteren, 1972) und dem A6-Biatttest (de Bokx. 1972) bestimmt. Folgende Informationen konnten erwartet werden: 1. über die Beziehung zwischen der Viruskonzentration und der Symptomausbildung. 2. über die Empfindlichkeit des Mikropräzipitin- und des A6-Blatttestes für die Feststellung von PVY. Die Pflanzen standen in Klimakammern (4 Pflanzen pro Kammer) bei einer Tag Nachttemperatur von 10/7, 14/9, 18/12, 22/17 und 26/21°C und einer Photoperiode von 15 Stunden bei 15000 lux. Eine Woche später wurden alle Blätter von 2 der 4 Pflanzen trocken mit PVYN inokuliert, die übrigen 2 mit PVYO. Die Verdünnungsreihen (unverdünnt, 1/4. 1/16, 1/64, 1/256, 1/1024) wurden aus Pressaft der obersten, vollständig entfalteten Blätter infizierter Pflanzen 22, 33, 48 und 61 Tage nach der Inokulation hergestellt. Pflanzen, die bei 22°C und 26°C gewachsen waren, zeigten 2 Wochen nach der Inokulation mit PVYN oder PVYO deutliche Mosaik- und Kräuselsymptome. während in Pflanzen, die bei 14°C und 18°C wuchsen, die Symptome schwächer waren und erst nach ungefähr 4 Wochen auftraten (Abb. 1). Pflanzen, die bei 10°C aufwuchsen, zeigten nach Inokulation mit PVYN bis zum Versuchsende, d.h. 8 Wochen nach der Inokulation, keine Symptome und nach Inokulation mit PVYO nur schwaches Mosaik. In Pflanzen, die bei 14 bis 26°C gehalten wurden, nimmt in den frühen Wuchsstadien die Konzentration von PVYN zu und mit der Abreife der Pflanzen wieder ab PVYN konnte in Pflanzen, gewachsen bei 10°C, serologisch nicht nachgewiesen werden (Tabelle 1), was mit den Ergebnissen von Bode (1959) übereinstimmt. Die Vermehrung von PVYO in Kartoffelpflanzen verläuft wie die von PVYN mit der Ausnahme, dass die Konzentration von PVYO während des gesamten Versuches in Pflanzen, gewachsen bei 14°C und 18°C auf einem hohen Niveau bleibt und die selbe Konzentration von Pflanzen, bei 10°C gewachsen, 61 Tage nach der Inokulation erreicht wird. Das Auftreten der Symptome war mit der relativen Viruskonzentration korreliert. Keine Korrelation wurde zwischen der Zahl der Kokalläsionen auf A6 nach Inokulation mit PVY und der serologischen Nachweisbarkeit des Virus gefunden. Daraus kann geschlossen werden, dass der A6-Test, wie andere biologische Prüfungen (Beemster 1958), für die Nachweisbarkeit von PVY empfindlicher ist als der Mikropräzipitintest (Tabelle 1).
    Kurzfassung: Résumé L'effet de la température sur l'expression des symptômes et sur la concentration en virus chez la variété Eersteling infectée par PVYN et PVYO et cultivée en serre a été étudié. La concentration relative en virus donnée par les dilutions limites. est déterminée par la méthode de microprécipitation (van Slogteren, 1972), et le test foliaire sur A6 (de Bokx, 1972). Le but de cet essai était d'obtenir des informations sur: 1) la relation entre la concentration du virus et l'expression des symptômes: 2) la sensibilité de la microprécipitation et du test foliaire sur A6 pour la détection du virus Y. Les plantes ont été placées dans des chambres de culture (4 plantes par chambre) à des températures jour/nuit de 10/7, 14/9, 18/12, 12/17 et 26/21°C et une photopériode de 15 heures à 15 000 Lux. Une semaine plus tard toutes les feuilles de deux plantes de chaque lot ont été inoculées par projection d'un mélange de carborundum et de PVYN; les feuilles des deux autres plantes ont été inoculées de la même manière avec PVYO. Une gamme de dilution (pur, 1/4, 1/16, 1/64, 1/256, 1/1024) a été préparée à partir des feuilles complètement déployées du sommet des plantes infectées 22, 33, 48 et 61 jours après l'inoculation. Des symptômes de mosaïque et de frisolée ont été observés chez les plantes cultivées à 22 et 26°C deux semaines après l'inoculation avec PVYN ou PVYO, mais les symptômes ont été plus faibles et ne sont pas apparus avant environ quatre semaines, chez les plantes cultivées à 14 et 18°C (figure 1). Les plantes cultivées à 10°C n'ont pas donné de symptômes jusqu'à la fin de l'expérience lorsqu'elles ont été inoculées avec PVYN; infectées par PVYO elles ont présenté seulement une faible mosaïque. Il a été montré que dans les plantes placées à 18 et 26°C, la concentration de PVYN augmente dans les premiers stades de la croissance des plantes mais diminue quand celles-ci arrivent à maturité. PVYN n'a pas été détecté sérologiquement dans les plantes cultivées à 10°C (tableau 1). Ceci est en accord avec les travaux de Bode. 1959. Généralement, le processus de multiplication de PVYO dans la pomme de terre est le même que celui de PVYN. Toutefois, la concentration de PVYO reste à un taux élevé dans les plantes cultivées à 14 et 18°C, pour l'ensemble de l'expérience, et atteint une teneur analogue dans les plantes cultivées à 10°C aprés 61 jours d'inoculation. L'expression des symptômes est en correlation avec la concentration relative en virus. Aucune correlation n'a été observée entre le nombre de lésions locales provoqué par PVY sur A6 et la limite de détection du virus en sérologie. Onpeut en conclure que le test foliaire sur A6. de même que d'autres tests biologiques (Beemster, 1958), est plus sensible pour la détection de PVY que le test de microprécipitation (tableau 1).
    Notizen: Summary Potato plants cv. Eersteling, grown in growth chambers with various day night temperatures, were inoculated with PVYN or PVYO three weeks after planting. Two weeks later there were clear symptoms in plants grown at 22/17°C and 26/21°C, but after four weeks there were only weak symptoms in plants kept at 14/9°C and 18/12°C. At 10/7°C 8 weeks after inoculation, only those plants infected with PVYO had developed symptoms. Virus concentration correlated well with the rate of symptom expression, and was similar with both strains, except that it was high 8 weeks after inoculation in plants infected with PVYO and grown at 10/7°C. For both strains the A6 leaf test was more sensitive than the serological test.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum ; potato ; Solanum verrucosum ; monohaploid ; chromosome doubling ; parthenogenesis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Dihaploid and dihaploid derived clones of Solanum tuberosum and diploid genotypes of S. verrucosum produced 85 viable monohaploids by female parthenogenesis. All were induced using diploid S. phureja clones, homozygous for embryo spot, as pollinator. Frequency of S. tuberosum monohaploids per 100 berries was rather constant in three successive years (14, 17 and 17 respectively). No male and female fertility was found in flowering monohaploids. Colchicine-induced chromosome doubling yielded homozygous s. tuberosum diploids with low pollen quality but good seed fertility. Two diploid self-incompatible species (S. multidissectum and S. berthaultii) produced no monohaploids. The presence of genes for female parthenogenesis in some dihaploids is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 21
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Lactuca sativa ; butterhead lettuce ; temperature ; analysis of growth
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Since 1950 growth of lettuce for winter production has been improved considerably by breeding. It has been investigated whether this improvement must be attributed to a more rapid leaf production, to larger leaves or to both. To this end the differences in growth between the cultivars Meikoningin. Proeftuin's Blackpool, Rapide, Deci-Minor and Valentine were analysed at a range of temperatures (10, 14, 17 and 20°C) under natural light conditions in autumn. The last four cultivars represent successive improvements in growth of lettuce for winter production. From the experiments it can be concluded that the improvement in growth of lettuce for winter production was initially brought about through increasing the rate of leaf production and there-after through increasing leaf size. At the same time the heat requirement for optimal growth has become higher.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 22
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Oryza sativa ; Oryza glaberrima ; cytoplasm substitution ; male sterility ; sporophytic type ; gametophytic type ; anther dehiscence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Interspecific cytoplasm substitution lines of Oryza sativa and O. glaberrima, i.e. (sativa)-glaberrima and (glaberrima)-sativa, have been bred by means of successive backcrosses, using three japonica varieties of sativa and two glaberrima strains. In all the six substitution lines with the cytoplasm of the glaberrima strains, the fertility increased with succeeding backcrosses, and eventually completely fertile plants whith the characteristics of the parental japonica variety appeared. This indicates that the glaberrima cytoplasm exerted no effect on the genome manifestation of these japonica varieties. Of the five substitution lines with the cytoplasm of each of the japonica varieties, four lines produced male sterile (M.S.) plants only in the backcross generations. In the remaining substitution line with the cytoplasm of the japonica variety Akebono, there was simultaneous segregation for male sterile (M.S.) and pollen fertile plants bearing indehiscent anthers (ID.M.F.) in the backcross generations. In the compulsively selfed progeny of ID.M.F. plants, pollen fertile plants with dehiscent anthers (D.M.F.) occurred with M.S- and ID.M.F. plants. Morphologically, these three types were supposed to have the same genetic background as the glaberrima parent. It was established that D.M.F.-and ID.M.F. plants were homozygous and heterozygous for a dominant nuclear gene restoring pollen fertility, respectively, and the M.S. plants and the two glaberrima strains used in this study carried a recessive gene for pollen sterility in homozygous condition. The restorer gene was assumed to derive from the japonica variety Akebono. The expression of the restorer gene was of the sporophytic type. The pollen sterility of the substitution lines that possessed the cytoplasm of the japonica varieties was of cytoplasmon-genic nature.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 23
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Oryza sativa ; rice ; inheritance of resistance ; brown planthopper ; grassy stunt ; bacterial blight ; glutinous endosperm ; linkage
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Five hundred F3 lines derived from the cross TN1/IR2061-464-6 were examined for the nature of endosperm and resistance to bacterial blight, brown planthopper, and grassy stunt. TN1 has non-glutinous endosperm and is susceptible to bacterial blight, grassy stunt, and brown planthopper. IR2061-464-6 has a glutinous endosperm and is homozygous resistant to bacterial blight, grassy stunt, and brown planthopper. The F3 data fit the 1:2:1 ratio expected for monogenic control of each trait. A two-way classification for all the traits indicated that these four traits are inherited independently. Thus, it should be possible to recombine these four traits in various combinations in rice varieties.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 26 (1977), S. 361-367 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum ; monohaploids ; dihaploid ; anther culture
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Monohaploid Solanum tuberosum plants were produced from the anthers of a dihaploid genotype. From another dihaploid genotype plants containing 36 chromosomes were obtained. For plantlet production anthers containing pollen at the uninucleate microspore stage were inoculated on a Linsmaier and Skoog-based medium supplemented with 1 mg/1 indole-3-acetic acid and 1 mg/1 benzyl aminopurine. Anthers from donor plants grown either in the summer or in the winter responded similarly on a range of media. Anther response in the form of callus induction and root formation was at least partly dependent on the genotype of the donor dihaploid plant.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 26 (1977), S. 427-432 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Oryza sativa ; rice ; linkage ; anti-inhibitory genes ; pigmentation ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Inheritance studies of purple pigmentation in T-160 x AC-177 revealed that purple colour in the coleoptile is based on four genes (Pc 1 , Pc2, I-Pc, Ai-Pc), in the internode on two genes (Pin a1 , Pin a2 ), in the junctura on three genes (Pja, Pjb 1 , Pjb 2 ) and in the apiculus on three genes (Pa, I-P, Ai-P). For panicle density monogenic segregation (Lx) was obtained. Linkage was established between the genes for the apiculus (Pa and Ai-P), panicle density (Lx), the internode (Pin a ), the coleoptile (Ai-Pc) and the junctura (Pja), in that sequence. This linkage group forms part of the IV ‘mp’ group of Misro et al. (1966) which corresponds to the ‘g’ group of japonica. The two anti-inhibitory genes Ai-Pg and Ai-Pau of the linkage group Ai-Pg=Ai-Pc=Ai-Pau reported earlier (Dhullappanavar et al., 1975) are also allotted to the IV linkage group of Misro et al. (1966) since Ai-Pc is placed in that group in the present studies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 26 (1977), S. 441-450 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Oryza sativa ; rice ; rice collections ; indica-japonica rice ; racial classification ; genetic diversity ; genetic resources
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A total of 1407 japonica and 488 indica accessions representing nine countries were randomly drawn from the International Rice Research Institute catalog of germ plasm resources for an analysis of diversity. The qualitative gene frequencies as well as means and coefficients of variation for quantitative traits for each race and country in general confirmed the widely recognized pattern of indica-japonica differentiation but suggested more overlap than often realized. Use of a diversity index showed indica to be more variable than japonica, but with different countries having similar levels of diversity. A multivariate analysis based on 39 characters showed divergence among countries within each race but with a great amount of overlap in the scatter of individual entries. This study was carried out simply to illustrate some genetic resource analyses and it is therefore discussed in relation to the documentation aspects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 107-115 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Oryza sativa ; rice ; response to day length
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Inheritance of time-to-flowering, plant height, tiller number, spikelet number and flag leaf area was studied under day lengths of 10 and 14 hours in a diallel cross of six rice varieties. Early flowering was dominant to late in both environments but the varieties flowering early in one environment were late flowering in the other. Analysis of F1 and F2 data from the cross of Heenati-310 x IR-8 suggested a digenic control of early flowering in short days with complementary interaction. It is considered that while relatively few genes control time-to-flowering in rice a previous proposal that separate genes for time-to-flowering and photoperiod sensitivity exist is unnecessary on present evidence. Whereas culm length, tiller number and flag leaf area were increased by longer days, the number of spikelets per panicle was reduced. The length of the panicle was little affected by changing environment, and throughout certain characters and varieties, such as tiller number in I-geo-tze, were more stable than others. Varietal crosses of Heenati-310 x IR-8 and Tainan x MI-273(m) appeared to give high yield potential.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 663-670 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum ; potato ; coagulable protein ; screening method ; breeding
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary From tubers of 34 varieties of Solanum tuberosum, extracts were prepared and analysed for crude protein and coagulable protein by the Kjeldahl method. Content of coagulable protein was 0.37–1.24%. From the same material, juice was prepared with a juice centrifuge and analysed for coagulable protein by the Kjeldahl and microbiuret method. The average amount of coagulable protein in the juice was 81.8% of the total coagulable protein. The correlation coefficient between coagulable protein in the juice and total coagulable protein was 0.956. The correlation coefficient between Kjeldahl and microbiuret data for coagulable protein in the juice was 0.956. Analysis of tuber juice by the microbiuret method is recommended as a rapid screening technique for coagulable protein. Relationships between protein data of the 34 varieties and earliness, yield and content of dry matter were analysed statistically. Content of coagulable protein in fresh material correlated with content of dry matter (rs=−0.756), yield of fresh potatoes (r=−0.615) and earliness (r=−0.361) but not significantly with yield of dry matter (rs=−0.309). Coagulable protein in dry matter correlated with fresh yield (r=−0.525), but not significantly with content of dry matter (r=−0.260), yield of dry matter (r=−0.131) and earliness (r=−0.054). Path coefficient analysis showed that 67% of the variation in coagulable protein in fresh material was statistically determined by earliness, content of dry matter, fresh yield and content of uncoagulable protein in fresh material, whereas only 34% of the variation in content of coagulable protein in dry matter was determined by these components. A high content of coagulable protein in fresh or dry matter can be combined with early maturity and with high yield of dry matter. Coagulable protein in dry matter seems to be a more suitable criterion of selection than coagulable protein in fresh material.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 425-441 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Oryza sativa ; O. glaberrima ; rice ; origin ; evolution ; history of cultivation ; dissemination ; diversification
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Available evidences drawn from biosystematics, evolutionary biology, biogeography, archaeology, history, anthropology, paleo-geology and paleo-meteorology are pooled to reconstruct the series of events that led to the cosmopolitan cultivation of the Asian cultivated rice (O. sativa) and the regionalized planting of the African cultigen (O. glaberrima) in West Africa. The genus Oryza originated in the Gondwanaland continents and, following the fracture of the supercontinent, became widely distributed in the humid tropics of Africa, South America, South and Southeast Asia, and Oceania. The two cultivated species have had a common progenitor in the distant past. Parallel and independent evolutionary processes occurred in Africa and in Asia, following the sequence of: wild perennial→wild annual→cultivated annual. The weed races also contributed to the differentiation of the cultivated annuals. The corresponding members of the above series are O. longistaminata Chev. et Roehr., O. barthii A. Chev., O. glaberrima Steud., and the ‘stapfii’ forms of O. glaberrima in Africa; O. rufipogon Griff., O. nivara Sharma et Shastry, O. sativa L., and the ‘spontanea’ forms of O. sativa in Asia. The differentiation and diversification of the annuals in South Asia were accelerated by marked climatic changes following the last glacial age, dispersal of plants over latitude or altitude, human selection, and manipulation of the cultural environment. Cultivation of rice began in many parts of South and Southeast Asia, probably first in Ancient India. Cultural techniques such as puddling and transplanting were first developed in north and central China and later transmitted to Southeast Asia. Wetland culture preceded dryland culture in China, but in hilly areas of Southeast Asia, dryland cultivation is older than lowland culture. The planting method progressed from shifting cultivation to direct sowing in permanent fields, then to transplanting in bunded fields. Widespread dispersal of the Asian cultigen led to the formation of three eco-geographic races (Indica. Sinica or Japonica, and Javanica) and distinct cultural types in monsoon Asia (upland, lowland, and deep water). Varietal types changed readily within the span of a millenium, largely due to cultivators' preferences, socio-religious traditions, and population pressure. Genetic differentiation developed parallel to the ecologic diversification process. The African cultigen developed later than the Asian cultigen and has undergone less diversification. The wild races in South America and Oceania retain their primitive features mainly due to lack of cultivation pressure or dispersal. Both the African and Asian rices are still undergoing evolutionary changes at habitats where the wild, weed, and cultivated races co-exist.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 30
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum tuberosum ; potato dihaploids ; self-compatibility ; S-bearing translocation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Two highly fertile and self-compatible dihaploids (2ns=2x24) from Solanum tuberosum L. (2n 4x 48) were investigated to elucidate the genetic basis of their self-compatibility. To this end the two dihaploids were selfed and reciprocally intercrossed and the resulting I1 and F1 plants tested for self-compatibility. Reciprocal backcrosses of I1-plants and F1-plants were made. Complete diallels both within self-compatible and within self-incompatible F1-plants were carried out as well as reciprocal matings between self-compatible and self-incompatible F1-plants. From the wealth of data it could be concluded, that the dihaploids have two intact S-alleles, one being common to both. Six hypotheses were tested for explaining self-compatibility in these particular dihaploids. All but one had to be discarded. It is concluded that the self-compatibility most likely is brought about by the presence of an S-bearing translocation, which is not linked to the S-locus. The ratio sc :si in the F1's point either to certative disadvantage of translocation-bearing pollen or to lethality of translocation homozygotes. The importance of this self-compatibility mechanism for genetic and breeding research in potato is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 587-595 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Oryza sativa ; rice ; yield ; yield components ; heterosis ; varietal hybrids
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Yield and yield components of F1 hybrids were studied in three experiments at 30×30 cm spacings and in one experiment at 15×15 cm spacings. In the 30×30 cm experiments, 10 of the 41 hybrids tested significantly outyielded their high parents. However, only 2 hybrids significantly outyielded the best cultivar: one hybrid yielded 23 % and the other 16 % more than their respective check cultivars. The four hybrids in the 15×15 cm experiment yielded only 59 to 92% as much as their high parents. In areas where rice is transplanted at relatively wide spacings, the observed levels of F1 heterosis in selected hybrids may be sufficient to warrant production of hybrid rice, if enough hybrid seed can be produced. For direct-seeding at the high rates normal in the USA, the relatively small levels of heterosis and the difficulties of hybrid seed production preclude use of F1 hybrid rice cultivars at present. None of 19 bulk F2 and F3 hybrids in two experiments yielded significantly more than its high parent. Similarly, none of the 12 mixtures included in one experiment yielded significantly more than its high parent. On the basis of yield alone, using bulk F2 or F3 or simple mixture populations is not merited.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 659-662 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Oryza sativa ; rice ; scent ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Inheritance of scent in rice and its association with pigmented characters were studied in T-141 × K-44-1. Four complementary genes appeared to control scent, one of them showing linkage with a complementary gene for glume colour and a supplementary gene for red pigment in apiculus. This group formed part of V (Prp)linkage group of Misro et al. (1966) in which case Pg and P were additions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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