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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-04-05
    Beschreibung: Abstract The novel 10Be (meteoric)/9Be system, where 10Be is delivered by precipitation and stable 9Be is released by weathering, provides denudation rates over weathering‐erosion timescales. The new tool is applicable to quartz‐poor lithologies, for example, mafic rock and claystone, which are not readily accessible by the commonly used in situ‐produced 10Be in quartz. We provide a first application of this proxy to a tectonically active mountainous river, the Zhuoshui River in Taiwan. Taiwan Rivers supply a disproportionately high suspended and dissolved flux to the oceans and are often underlain by fine‐grained shale/slate. 10Be (meteoric)/9Be‐derived denudation rates (Dmet) from the Zhuoshui Catchment are highest in the slate‐dominated headwaters (4–8 mm/year), and much lower (1–2 mm/year) along the midlower reaches with mixed lithologies. At the basin‐wide scale, we find a poor correlation between Dmet and basin‐averaged channel steepness despite a small climatic gradient. Because large lithological heterogeneities exist in this basin, we invoke a lithological effect to explain this poor correlation. Relying on a revised stream power incision model that incorporates rock erodibility, the resulting lithology‐ and runoff‐adjusted ksn (kLrsn) can be reconciled with denudation rates with the highest erodibility predicted to prevail in the Miocene slate of low metamorphic grade and high fracture density. This model suggests that the lithological heterogeneity can alter the coupling between surface denudation and channel morphology. On a broader perspective, the successful application of the 10Be (meteoric)/9Be proxy shows its applicability as a tracer for erosion and sediment transport processes in fast‐eroding mountain belts underlain by slate lithologies.
    Beschreibung: Key Points 10Be (meteoric)/9Be ratios quantify fast denudation of slate regions in Taiwan Topographic metrics and denudation rates show different spatial patterns Lithologic variability alters coupling between denudation rates and ksn, based on a revised stream power model including rock erodibility
    Beschreibung: Freie Universität Berlin‐China Scholarship Council PhD Program
    Beschreibung: National Natural Science Foundation of China http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551.3
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-25
    Beschreibung: Cold-pool-driven convective initiation is investigated in high-resolution, convection-permitting simulations with a focus on the diurnal cycle and organization of convection and the sensitivity to grid size. Simulations of four different days over Germany were performed using the ICON-LEM model with grid sizes from 156 to 625 m. In these simulations, we identify cold pools, cold-pool boundaries and initiated convection. Convection is triggered much more efficiently in the vicinity of cold pools than in other regions and can provide as much as 50% of total convective initiation, in particular in the late afternoon. By comparing different model resolutions, we find that cold pools are more frequent, smaller and less intense in lower-resolution simulations. Furthermore, their gust fronts are weaker and less likely to trigger new convection. To identify how model resolution affects this triggering probability, we use a linear causal graph analysis. In doing so, we postulate a graph structure with potential causal pathways and then apply multi-linear regression accordingly. We find a dominant, systematic effect: reducing grid sizes directly reduces upward mass flux at the gust front, which causes weaker triggering probabilities. These findings are expected to be even more relevant for km-scale, numerical weather prediction models. We thus expect that a better representation of cold-pool-driven convective initiation will improve forecasts of convective precipitation.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551.6
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-25
    Beschreibung: Reliable and accurate weather forecasts, particularly those of rainfall and its extremes, have the potential to improve living conditions in densely populated southern West Africa (SWA). The limited availability of observations has long impeded a rigorous evaluation of current state-of-the-art forecast models. The field campaign of the Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa (DACCIWA) project in June–July 2016 has created an unprecedentedly dense set of measurements from surface stations and radiosondes. Here we present results from a comprehensive evaluation of both numerical model forecasts and satellite products using these data on a regional and local level. Results reveal a substantial observational uncertainty showing considerable underestimations in satellite estimates of rainfall and low-cloud cover with little correlation at the local scale. Models have a dry bias of 0.1–1.9 mm·day−1 in rainfall and too low column relative humidity. They tend to underestimate low clouds, leading to excess surface solar radiation of 43 W·m−2. Remarkably, most models show some skill in representing regional modulations of rainfall related to synoptic-scale disturbances, while local variations in rainfall and cloudiness are hardly captured. Slightly better results are found with respect to temperature and for the post-onset rather than for the pre-onset period. Delicate local features such as the Maritime Inflow phenomenon are also rather poorly represented, leading to too cool, dry and cloudy conditions at the coast. Differences between forecast days 1 and 2 are relatively small and hardly systematic, suggesting a relatively quick error saturation. Using explicit convection leads to more realistic spatial variability in rainfall, but otherwise no marked improvement. Future work should aim at improving the subtle balance between the diurnal cycles of low clouds, surface radiation, the boundary layer and convection. Further efforts are also needed to improve the observational system beyond field campaign periods.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551.6
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-25
    Beschreibung: We revisit the linear boundary-layer approximation that expresses a generalized Ekman balance and use it to clarify a range of interpretations in the previous literature on the tropical cyclone boundary layer. Some of these interpretations relate to the reasons for inflow in the boundary layer and others relate to the presumed effects of inertial stability on boundary-layer dynamics. Inertial stability has been invoked, for example, to explain aspects of boundary-layer behaviour, including the frontogenetic nature of the boundary layer and its relationship to vortex spin-up. Our analysis exposes the fallacy of invoking inertial stability as a resistance to radial inflow in the boundary layer. The analysis shows also that the nonlinear acceleration terms become comparable to the linear Coriolis acceleration terms in relatively narrow vortices that are inertially stable above the boundary layer. Estimates of the nonlinear accelerations using the linear solutions are expected to underestimate the actual contribution in a nonlinear boundary-layer model, cautioning against neglecting the nonlinear terms in diagnostic or prognostic models.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551.5
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-11-28
    Beschreibung: Mass fractions of Cu, Zn, Ga, Ag, Cd, In, Sn and Tl were determined via isotope dilution quadrupole ICP-MS in twenty-one geological reference materials (RMs) and the carbonaceous chondrites Orgueil (CI1), Murchison (CM2) and Allende (CV3). The RMs comprise basaltic/mafic (BCR-2, BE-N, BHVO-1, BHVO-2, BIR-1, BRP-1, JB-2, OKUM, W-2, WS-E), intermediate/felsic (AGV-2, G-2, JA-2, RGM-1), ultramafic (DTS-2b, MUH-1, PCC-1, UB-N) and sedimentary (MAG-1, OU-6) rocks. Pressure digestion was applied for nonbasaltic samples to ensure effective sample digestion. For basaltic RMs, hot plate digestion was found to be sufficient for a quantitative recovery of the target elements. To minimise interferences and increase ion beam intensities during isotope ratio analyses by ICP-MS, separation of the target elements was carried out from single sample aliquots using a novel anion exchange procedure. The intermediate precision (2s) estimated from two to four replicate analyses was usually 〈 4% and results are in agreement with literature data, where available. Especially for Ag and Tl, the intermediate precision was compromised, likely due to low ion beam intensities and, hence, higher background and blank contributions. For ultramafic RMs, nugget effects and incomplete digestion might compromise the intermediate precision. Results for the carbonaceous chondrites Orgueil (CI1), Murchison (CM2) and Allende (CV3) agree well with previously reported data.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551.9 ; isotope dilution ; chalcophile elements ; geological reference materials ; chondrites ; Q-ICP-MS
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-12-08
    Beschreibung: Hübner, A. (2020d) DEAL Verträge mit Springer Nature und Wiley – DEAL contracts with Springer Nature and Wiley. Handout für die Geowissenschaftlichen Fachgesellschaften
    Beschreibung: DFG
    Beschreibung: GFZ Potsdam
    Beschreibung: poster
    Schlagwort(e): DEAL
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:conferenceObject
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
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    Deutsche Gesellschaft für Erdbebeningenieurwesen und Baudynamik (DGEB) e.V. | Kiel
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-07-13
    Beschreibung: This publication developed from the 5th International Colloquium on “Historical Earthquakes, Paleoseismology, Neotectonics and Seismic Hazard” which was held from 11 to 13 October 2017 at the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) in Hannover, Germany. In this colloquium, 75 experts from 17 countries presented and discussed recent results, ongoing studies and planned projects on the topics historical earthquakes, macroseismology, archeoseismology, paleoseismology, earthquake catalogues and databases, active faults, seismotectonics, neotectonics, and seismic hazard assessment.
    Beschreibung: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Erdbebeningenieurwesen und Baudynamik
    Beschreibung: 〈b〉Introduction: Historical Earthquakes, Paleoseismology, Neotectonics and Seismic Hazard: New Insights and Suggested Procedures〈/b〉 〈br〉 〈i〉Diethelm Kaiser〈/i〉 〈br〉 〈a href="https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-3868"〉 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-3868〈/a〉〈br〉 〈br〉〈/br〉 〈b〉Best practice of macroseismic intensity assessment applied to the earthquake catalogue of southwestern Germany〈/b〉 〈br〉 〈i〉 Wolfgang Brüstle, Uwe Braumann, Silke Hock and Fee-Alexandra Rodler 〈/i〉〈br〉 〈a href="https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-3864"〉 DOI:https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-3864〈/a〉〈br〉 〈br〉〈/br〉 〈b〉The earthquake of September 3, 1770 near Alfhausen (Lower Saxony, Germany): a real, doubtful, or a fake event? 〈/b〉 〈br〉 〈i〉Günter Leydecker and Klaus Lehmann 〈/i〉 〈br〉〈a href="https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-3865"〉 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-3865〈/a〉〈br〉 〈br〉〈/br〉 〈b〉How well does known seismicity between the Lower Rhine Graben and southern North Sea reflect future earthquake activity? 〈/b〉 〈br〉 〈i〉Thierry Camelbeeck, Kris Vanneste, Koen Verbeeck, David Garcia-Moreno, Koen Van Noten and Thomas Lecocq 〈/i〉 〈br〉〈a href="https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-3866"〉 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-3866〈/a〉〈br〉 〈br〉〈/br〉 〈b〉The Paleoseismic Database of Germany and Adjacent Regions PalSeisDB v1.0〈/b〉〈br〉 〈i〉Jochen Hürtgen, Klaus Reicherter, Thomas Spies, Claudia Geisler and Jörg Schlittenhardt 〈/i〉 〈br〉〈a href="https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-3867"〉 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-3867〈/a〉〈br〉
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551.22 ; ddc:554.3 ; ddc:550
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:book
    Format: 135
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-11-29
    Beschreibung: The German Rectors' Conference was commissioned by the Alliance of German Science Organisations to initiate the DEAL project in order to conclude nationwide licence agreements for the entire portfolio of electronic journals (e-journals) of major science publishers. DEAL negotiates on behalf of almost all German academic institutions such as universities, universities of applied sciences, research institutions, state and regional libraries. The aims of project DEAL are: A) The DEAL institutions have permanent full-text access to the entire title portfolio (e-journals) of the selected publishers. B) All publications by authors from German institutions are automatically made open access (CC-BY, incl. peer review). C) Appropriate pricing according to a simple, future-oriented calculation model based on the volume of publications. The second contract of project DEAL, the contract with the publisher Springer Nature, was signed on 8 January 2020. This contract differs only in a few details from the contract with the publisher Wiley, which was signed on 15 January 2019. The administrative/technical implementation with Wiley has been completed so that authors can publish Open Access under DEAL conditions. The implementation with Springer Nature will be realised within the coming months. The poster summarises the major changes for authors when publishing in Springer Nature and in Wiley journals, provides guidance on how to use the Wiley web-based "Author Dashboard" and explains how the national DEAL agreements differ from the previous "hybrid" publishing in closed access journals.
    Beschreibung: poster
    Schlagwort(e): open access ; open science
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:conferenceObject
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-11-29
    Beschreibung: Open Access to scientific literature and research data has significant advantages for researchers as well as for society as a whole. Researchers might gain from increased citation rates and from higher visibility of their research outputs, while researchers as well as the public benefit from a better accessibility of scientific literature and data. Increasingly, funding organisations such as the European Commission in the context of Horizon 2020-funded projects or the 16 national and international members of “Plan S” demand that publications that result from projects funded by them are made openly accessible. The poster outlines the different ways of publishing text and data in Open Access. After a brief overview of reasons for publishing Open Access, it points out different routes for publishing texts in Open Access (in Open-Access-Journals or self-archiving) and major aspects for FAIR and open data publication.
    Beschreibung: poster
    Schlagwort(e): open science ; Open Access
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:conferenceObject
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-11-29
    Beschreibung: This study reviews research data policies and author instructions of 31 journals from the Earth sciences and from biodiversity that are published by German learned societies or research institutions. The statements on data publishing of the journal´s data policies/author guidelines were matched to 14 defined features of journal research data policies. A brief discussion on quality of data policies is presented to raise awareness of German learned societies/research institutions and to guide them towards improved data policies of their journals.
    Beschreibung: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4009195
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): research data policy journal FAIR Earth Sciences
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article , submittedVersion
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