ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter I. Air-Sea Exchange Processes and Flux --- Chemical composition of marine aerosols over the Central North Pacific—Results ftom the 1991 cruise of Hakurei Maru No. 2 / Uematsu, M., Kawamupa, K., Ibusuki, T. and Kimoto, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 3-14 --- Estimation of mineral aerosol fluxes to the Pacific by using environmental plutonium as a tracer / Nakanishi, T., Shiba, Y., Muramatsu, M. and Haque, M. A. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 15-30 --- Land-derived lipid class compounds in the deep-sea sediments and marine aerosols from the North Pacific / Kawamura, K. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 31-51 --- Iron and manganese in the atmosphere and oceanic waters / Nakayama, E., Obata, H., Okamura, K., Isshiki, K., Karatani, H. and Kimoto, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 53-68 --- Laboratory estimation of CO2 transfer velocity across the air-sea interface / Komom, S., Shimada, T. and Murakami, Y. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 69-81 --- Dissolution of calcareous tests in the ocean and atmospheric carbon dioxide / Nozaki, Y. and Oba, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 83-92 --- Calcium carbonate production and carbon dioxide flux on a coral reef, Okinawa / Ohde, S. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 93-98 --- Chapter II. Geochemical Processes in Seawater --- Generations of carbonyl sulfide and hydrogen peroxide in the Seto Inland Sea—Photochemical reactions progressing in the coastal seawater / Fujiwara, K., Takeda, K. and Kumamoto, Y. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 101-127 --- Speciation of organoarsenical compounds in the hydrosphere / Sohrin, Y., Hasegawa, H. and Matsui, M. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 129-138 --- Chemical speciation of selenium in natural waters / Nakaguchi, Y., Koike, Y. and Hiraki, K. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 139-158 --- The concentration distribution and chemical form of arsenic compounds in seawater / Tanaka, S. and Santosa, S. J. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 159-170 --- The rare earth elements and yttrium in the coastal/offshore mixing zone of Tokyo Bay waters and the Kuroshio / Nozaki, Y. and Zhang, J. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 171-184 --- The tetrad effect in seawater; a long dispute and an analytical approach to the confirmation of the effect / Akagi, T. and Masuda, A. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 185-199 --- Detection, characterization and dynamics of dissolved organic ligands in oceanic waters / Tanoue, E. and Midorikawa, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 201-224 --- Chapter III. Primary Production and Other Biological Processes --- Nitrate assimilation and new production in open ocean / Kanda, J. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 227-238 --- Primary production and community respiration in the subarctic water of the western North Pacific / Odate, T. and Furuya, K. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 239-253 --- Effects of a seamount on phytoplankton production in the western Pacific Ocean / Furuya, K., Odate, T. and Taguchi, K. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 255-273 --- Marine colloids: Their roles in food webs and biogeochemical fluxes / Nagata, T. and Koike, I. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 275-292 --- Regional and seasonal variations of biomass and bio-mediated materials in the North Pacific Ocean / Yanada, M. and Maita, Y. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 293-306 --- Nitrogen and carbon stable isotopic ecology in the ocean: The transportation of organic materials through the food web / Sugisakj, H. and Tsuda, A. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 307-317 --- The role of carnivorous zooplankton, particularly chaetognaths in ocean flux / Terazaki, M. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 319-330 --- Seasonal changes in deep-sea benthic foraminiferal populations: Results of long-term observations at Sagami Bay, Japan / Kitazato, H. and Ohga, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 331-342 --- Chapter IV. Particle Flux and Sediment Geochemistry --- Spatial variation of Al flux in the North Pacific observed with sediment trap / Noriki, S., Iwai, T., Shimamoto, A., Tsunogai, S. and Harada, K. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 345-354 --- Spatial and temporal variation of δ515N in sinking particles in deep waters: Its implication for the origin and transport of particulate organic matter / Nakatsuka, T., Handa, N. and Imaizumi, S. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 355-374 --- 230Th and 231Pa distributions in surface sediments off Enshunada, Japan / Taguchi, K. and Narita, H. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 375-382 --- Remobilization of transition elements in pore water of continental slope sediments / Kato, Y., Tanase, M., Minami, H. and Okabe, S. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 383-405 --- Geochemistry of pore waters from a bathyal Calyptogena community off Hatsushima Island, Sagami Bay, Japan / Masuzawa, T., Nakatsuka, T. and Handa, N. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 407-421 --- Chapter V. Submarine Hydrothermal Processes --- Wide variation of chemical characteristics of submarine hydrothermal fluids due to secondary modification processes after high temperature water-rock interaction: a review / Gamo, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 425-451 --- Geochemistry of phase-separated hydrothermal fluids of the North Fiji Basin, Southwest Pacific / Ishibashi, J. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 453-467 --- Chemical modeling of seawater-rock interaction: Effect of rock-type on the fluid chemistry and mineral assemblage / Chiba, H. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 469-486 --- Hydrothermal mineralization in the Mid-Okinawa Trough / Nakashima, K., Sakai, H., Yoshida, H., Chiba, H., Tanaka, Y., Gamo, T., Ishibashi, J. and Tsunogai, U. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 487-508 --- Iron-rich smectite formation in the hydrothermal sediment of Iheya Basin, Okinawa Trough / Masuda, H. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 509-521 --- Formation and alteration of organic compounds in simulated submarine hydrothermal vent environments / Kobayashi, K., Kohara, M., Gamo, T. and Yanagawa, H. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 523-535 --- Localized heat flow anomalies in the middle Okinawa Trough associated with hydrothermal circulation / Kinoshita, M. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 537-559 --- Chapter VI. Modeling and Physical Oceanography --- Material transport models from Tokyo Bay to the Pacific Ocean / Yanagi, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 563-574 --- Climate and weather effects on the chlorophyll concentration in the northwestern North Pacific / Sugimoto, T., Tadokoro, K. and Furushima, Y. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 575-592 --- Ecosystem models for the three regional problems in the Northern Pacific / Kishi, M. J. and Kawamiya, M. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 593-611 --- A review on the subtropical mode water of the North Pacific (NPSTMW) / Hanawa, K. and Suga, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 613-627 --- Flow distribution at 165°E in the Pacific Ocean / Kawabe, M. and Taira, K. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 629-649 --- Determination of monthly mean sea surface temperature from 1981 to 1990 by the NOAA-AVHRR in the equatorial Pacific / Kishino, M. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 651-659

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- 2. Mitochondrion-rich (MR) cells --- 2-1. General characteristics of MR cells --- 2-2. Molecular mechanisms of ion-transporting functions of MR cells --- 3. Euryhalinity and stenohalinity of teleosts --- 4. Mozambique tilapia --- 4-1. MR cells in the yolk-sac membrane of tilapia embryos and larvae --- 4-2. FW- and SW-type MR cells in tilapia embryos and larvae --- 4-3. Functions of multicellular complexes of SW-type MR cells --- 4-4. Functional differentiation of MR cells in the yolk-sac membrane --- 4-5. Functional classification of MR cells in the yolk-sac membrane --- 4-6. "Yolk ball" incubation system --- 4-7. Salinity tolerance of adult tilapia --- 4-8. Possible osmoreception by MR cells --- 5. Killifish --- 5-1. Transitional processes of MR-cell distribution during early life stages --- 5-2. Distinct FW- and SW-type MR cells --- 5-3. Functional alteration and replacement of MR cells --- 5-4. Ion-absorbing mechanisms of MR cells --- 6. Chum salmon --- 6.1. Hypoosmoregulatory ability of chum salmon embryo --- 6-2. Seawater adaptability in chum salmon fry --- 6-3. MR-cell turnover in the gills of chum salmon fry --- 6-4. Loss of hypoosmoregulatory ability in mature chum salmon --- 7. Japanese eel --- 7-1. Epidermal MR cells in embryos and larvae --- 7-2. Ontogenic changes in MR cells during leptocephalus and glass eel stages --- 7-3. MR cells in glass eel acclimated to FW --- 7-4. Gill MR cells in eel cultured in FW and those acclimated to SW --- 7-5. MR cells in yellow and silver eel --- 8. Fugu --- 8-1. Low-salinity tolerance of fugu --- 8-2. Gill MR cells in fugu --- 8-3. Functional significance of prolactin in a marine teleost of fugu --- 8-4. Comparison of growth in fugu reared in 25 and 100% SW. --- 9. Japanese dace --- 9-1. Acid tolerance of Osorezan dace --- 9-2. Molecular mechanisms of acid adaptation --- 10. Conclusions and future perspectives

Description / Table of Contents: 1. General introduction --- 2. Morphological development of sensory and swimming organs and the central nervous system in the striped jack --- 2-1. Introduction --- 2-2. Materials and methods --- 2-2A. Materials --- 2-2B. Morphology --- 2-2C. Histology of eye, lateral line, muscle, bone and the central nervous system --- 2-3. Results --- 2-3A. Morphology --- 2-3B. Relative growth --- 2-3C. Ossification --- 2-3D. Muscle --- 2-3E. Eye --- 2-3F. Cephalic and trunk lateral lines --- 2-3G. The central nervous system --- 2-4. Discussion --- 2-4A. Morphological development related to swimming ability --- 2-4B. Development of sensory organs --- 2-4C. Development of the central nervous system --- 3. Ontogeny of schooling behavior and other behavioral traits in the striped jack --- 3-1. Introduction --- 3-2. Materials and methods --- 3-2A. Phototaxis --- 3-2B. Rheotaxis --- 3-2C. Optokinetic response --- 3-2D. Schooling behavior --- 3-2E. Association with floating objects --- 3-3. Results --- 3-3A. Phototaxis --- 3-3B. Rheotaxis --- 3-3C. Optokinetic response --- 3-3D. Schooling behavior --- 3-3E. Association behavior --- 3-4. Discussion --- 3-4A. Development of taxis in relation to sensory and swimming organs --- 3-4B. Ecological speculations on survival strategy and migratory behavior --- 4. Critical involvement of the central nervous system for the development of schooling behavior revealed by docosahexaenoic acid deficiency experiments --- 4-1. Introduction --- 4-2. Materials and methods --- 4-2A. Effect of dietary DHA on the growth, survival, and brain development in the striped jack --- 4-2B. Effect of dietary condition on behavior --- 4-2C. Incorporation of DHA into the central nervous system --- 4-3. Results --- 4-3A. Effect of dietary DHA on the growth, survival, and brain development in the striped jack --- 4-3B. Effect of dietary condition on the schooling behavior of yellowtail --- 4-3C. Incorporation of DHA into the central nervous system in the yellowtail --- 4-4. Discussion --- 5. Ontogeny of association behavior between jack mackerel and jellyfish --- 5-1. Introduction --- 5-2. Materials and methods --- 5-2A. Feeding on jellyfish --- 5-2B. Utilization of jellyfish as a prey collector --- 5-2C. Utilization of jellyfish as a refuge from predators --- 5-2D. Ontogenetic changes in the function of association between jack mackerel and jellyfish --- 5-2E. Underwater observation of fish assemblages associated with jellyfish --- 5-3. Results --- 5-3A. Feeding on jellyfish --- 5-3B. Utilization of jellyfish as a prey collector --- 5-3C. Utilization of jellyfish as a refuge from predators --- 5-3D. Ontogenetic changes of the function of association between jack mackerel and jellyfish --- 5-3E. Underwater observation of fish assemblages associated with jellyfish --- 5-4. Discussion --- 5-4A. Ontogeny of function in the association behavior of jack mackerel with jellyfish --- 5-4B. Ontogeny of mechanisms in associating with jellyfish --- 6. Behavioral ontogeny of common pelagic fishes with reference to the population replacement --- 6-1. Introduction --- 6-2. Materials and methods --- 6-2A. Fish husbandry --- 6-2B. Swimming speed --- 6-2C. Anti-predator performance --- 6-3. Results --- 6-3A. Growth --- 6-3B. Swimming speed and anti-predator performance --- 6-4. Discussion --- 6-4A. Growth performance of hatchery-reared pelagic fish larvae and comparison to wild conspecifics --- 6-4B. Swimming speeds in the context of feeding ecology --- 6-4C. Inter-specific difference of the ontogeny of anti-predator performance --- 6-4D. Environmental factors as a driving force of population replacement --- 7. General discussion: Towards the sustainable management of fisheries resources --- 7-1. Implications of ontogenetic study for the fisheries resource management --- 7-2. Perspectives for the sustainable management in fisheries resources

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Chitosan as Source for Pesticide Formulations by Sebastián D. Ippólito, Julieta R. Mendieta, María C. Terrile, Claudia V. Tonón, Andrea Y. Mansilla, Silvana Colman, Liliana Albertengo, María S. Rodríguez and Claudia A. Casalongué --- Chapter 2: Chitosan in Agriculture: A New Challenge for Managing Plant Disease by Laura Orzali, Beatrice Corsi, Cinzia Forni and Luca Riccioni --- Chapter 3: Chitosan from Marine Crustaceans: Production, Characterization and Applications by Jimena Bernadette Dima, Cynthia Sequeiros and Noemi Zaritzky --- Chapter 4: Alginate and Sericin: Environmental and Pharmaceutical Applications by Thiago Lopes da Silva, Jacyara Moreira Martins Vidart, Meuris Gurgel Carlos da Silva, Marcelino Luiz Gimenes and Melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira --- Chapter 5: Chitosan, Chitosan Derivatives and their Biomedical Applications by Gustavo Adolfo Muñoz Ruiz and Hector Fabio Zuluaga Corrales --- Chapter 6: Chitosan: Strategies to Increase and Modulate Drug Release Rate by David Lucio and María Cristina Martínez-Ohárriz --- Chapter 7: Marine Polysaccharides as Multifunctional Pharmaceutical Excipients by G. Thirumurugan and M.D. Dhanaraju --- Chapter 8: Speculations on the Use of Marine Polysaccharides as Scaffolds for Artificial Nerve ‘Side-’Grafts by Sherif M. Amr and Basma Ekram --- Chapter 9: Marine Polysaccharides in Medicine by Rajendra S. Dongre --- Chapter 10: Applications of Chitosan in Wastewater Treatment by Petronela Nechita --- Chapter 11: Flow Properties of Lambda Carrageenan in Aqueous Systems by Andrea Rivera del Rio, Mariana Ramírez-Gilly and Alberto Tecante --- Chapter 12: Chitosan-Based Sustainable Textile Technology: Process, Mechanism, Innovation, and Safety by Jagadish Roy, Fabien Salaün, Stéphane Giraud, Ada Ferri and Jinping Guan --- Chapter 13: Chitosan-Based Thermosensitive Materials by Waldo Argüelles-Monal, Maricarmen Recillas-Mota and Daniel Fernández-Quiroz --- Chapter 14: Chitosan and Phthaloylated Chitosan in Electrochemical Devices by Zurina Osman and Abdul Kariem Arof

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Roles of the Environment in Plant Life-History Trade-offs by Yang Liu, Jeffrey L. Walck and Yousry A. El-Kassaby --- Chapter 2: Decoding the Transcriptome of Rice Seed During Development by Arunima Mahto, Iny Elizebeth Mathew and Pinky Agarwal --- Chapter 3: Transcriptome (ESTs) of Avocado “Native” Mexicano Early Seed Development Shows Abundance of Regulatory, Antioxidant and Defense Genes by Luis María Suárez-Rodríguez, Fernando Sánchez-Albarrán, Huber León-Corona and Rodolfo López-Gómez --- Chapter 4: Identification and Mapping of Phosphorylated Isoforms of the Major Storage Protein of Potato Based on Two- Dimensional Electrophoresis by Javier Bernal, María López-Pedrouso, Daniel Franco, Susana Bravo, Lucio García and Carlos Zapata --- Chapter 5: Seed Dormancy by Mustafa Yildiz, Ramazan Beyaz, Mehtap Gursoy, Murat Aycan, Yusuf Koc and Mustafa Kayan --- Chapter 6: Characterization of Genotype by Planting Date Effects on Runner-Type Peanut Seed Germination and Vigor Response to Temperature by Timothy L. Grey, Charles Y. Chen, Russell Nuti, Walter Scott Monfort and George Cutts III --- Chapter 7: Impact of Conditions of Water Supply on the Germination of Tomato and Pepper Seeds by Yekaterina Shapira, Edward Bormashenko, Gene Whyman, Bat- Chen Lubin and Elyashiv Drori --- Chapter 8: Metabolic Processes During Seed Germination by Awatif S. Ali and Alaaeldin A. Elozeiri --- Chapter 9: Free Radicals and Antioxidant System in Seed Biology by Fadime Eryılmaz Pehlivan --- Chapter 10: Anatomical and Chemical Insights into the White Clover (Trifolium repens L.) Seed Coat Associated to Water Permeability by Alberto Aníbal Galussi and María Esther Moya --- Chapter 11: Morphological Studies on Seeds of Scrophulariaceae s.l. and Their Systematic Significance by Balkrishna Ghimire, Go Eun Choi, Hayan Lee, Kweon Heo and Mi Jin Jeong --- Chapter 12: Seed Transmission of Tobamoviruses: Aspects of Global Disease Distribution by Aviv Dombrovsky and Elisheva Smith --- Chapter 13: Biology of Seed Vigor in the Light of -omics Tools by Isaac Oludayo Daniel --- Chapter 14: The Potential of Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum L.) Seeds for Development of Functional Foods by Chandra Shekhar Singh and Vinod Kumar Paswan --- Chapter 15: Genetic Improvement of Oilseed Crops Using Modern Biotechnology by Diego Villanueva-Mejia and Javier Correa Alvarez --- Chapter 16: Application of Mechanics to Plant Seeds as a Granular or Particulate Material by Michal Petrů and Ivan Mašín

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introductory Chapter: Earthworms - The Ecological Engineers of Soil / by Sajal Ray --- 2. Abundance and Diversity of Earthworms in Managed and Non- Managed Fallow Lands of Calakmul Reserve of Campeche, Mexico / by Esperanza Huerta Lwanga, Lucero Sánchez-del Cid, Ligia Esparza- Olguín, Eduardo Martinez-Romero, Ben de Jong and Susana Ochoa-Gaona --- 3. Earthworms and Nematodes: The Ecological and Functional Interactions / by Jair Alves Dionísio, Wilian Carlo Demetrio and Arlei Maceda --- 4. Exploration of Earthworms of India through Online Digital Library / by Samrendra Singh Thakur and Shweta Yadav --- 5. Earthworms and Vermicomposting / by Jorge Domínguez --- 6. Environmental Influence of Soil toward Effective Vermicomposting / by Jaswinder Singh, Sharanpreet Singh, Adarsh Pal Vig and Arvinder Kaur

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- 2. Standard growth formula in fish population dynamics --- 2-1. Traditional growth formulae --- 2-2. Standard formula of RGF in fish population dynamics --- 2-3. Seasonal growth formula --- 2-4. Standard formula for seasonal growth --- 2-5. Parameter estimation and statistical test of growth formulae --- (Example 1) Fitting the growth formula to clam data. --- (Example 2) Fitting VBGF1 for Pacific hake data. --- 2-6. The generalized reproduction model --- 2-7. Parameter estimation for reproduction model --- 2-8. Supplement --- 3. Analysis of the body-size composition --- 3-1. Statistical model --- 3-2. Hasselblad method --- 3-3. Undetermined multiplier method --- 3-4. EM algorithm --- 3-5. Convergence criterion by diminishing mapping --- 3-6. Approximation of the Jacobi method --- 3-7. Difference between the iteration method and the EM algorithm --- (Example 3) Estimation of the age composition for the data of the porgy --- 3-8. Marquardt method --- 4. Estimation of the population size --- 4-1. Petersen method --- (Example 4) Estimation of the 95% interval of N when M = 60, n = 141, and r = 11. --- 4-2. Bayesian statistical method for the Petersen method --- 4-3. Bayesian statistical method by using the hyper-geometric distribution --- 4-4. Quadrat method --- 4-5. Bayesian statistical method for the quadrat method --- (Example 5) Estimation of the 95% interval of n when r = 5 and p = 0.1. --- 4-6. DeLury removal method --- (Example 6) Analysis of the data in Table 5. --- 4-7. Proof of the sum formulae of the binomial distribution and the hyper-geometric distribution --- 5. Survival models --- 5-1. VPA --- 5-2. VPA using mortality rates --- 5-3. Leslie matrix model --- 5-4. Linear programming for fishing equations --- 6. Summary

Description / Table of Contents: The copper-cobalt outcrops of Upper Katanga and north-western Zambia host a particular flora which comprises an estimated 750 species of which more than 400 are treated in this copper-cobalt field guide. The aim of this book, resulting from several years of intensive field work and study, is to bring together the basic knowledges permitting an easy approach to the identification of a great number of the species to be encountered. More than 400 species are illustrated with color photographs and/or drawings together with comments concerning synonyms, habit, description, ecology and distribution. Plant species are listed and colour-coded according to classification: Cyanoprocaryota, lichenized Fungi, Anthocerophyta, Marchantiophyta and Bryophyta (red edge), Lycophyta and Monilophyta (green edge), Magnoliopsida (blue edge) and Liliopsida (yellow edge). An index allows easy location either according to genus and species. An account of the research on copper-cobalt ecosystems carried out during the last ten years in southeastern D.R. Congo is also presented. The editors have spent more than twenty years in the area concerned and have collected more than 8,500 voucher specimens, including eleven species new to science (holotypes).

Description / Table of Contents: Increasing innovations and applications make microfluidics a versatile choice for researchers in many disciplines. This book consists of multiple review chapters that aim to cover recent advances and new applications of microfluidics in biology, electronics, energy, and materials sciences. It provides comprehensive views of various aspects of microfluidics ranging from fundamentals of fabrication, flow control, and droplet manipulation to the most recent exploration in emerging areas such as material synthesis, imaging and novel spectroscopy, and marriage with electronics. The chapters have many illustrations showcasing exciting results. This book should be useful for those who are eager to learn more about microfluidics as well as researchers who want to pick up new concepts and developments in this fast-growing field.

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Introductory Chapter: Sea Urchin - Knowledge and Perspectives by Maria Agnello --- Chapter 2: Sea Urchin Covering Behavior: A Comparative Review by Morgan A. Ziegenhorn --- Chapter 3: Effects of Environmental Factors on Reproduction of the Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus Intermedius by Peter M. Zhadan, Marina A. Vaschenko and Tatyana N. Almyashova --- Chapter 4: Morphological and Biochemical Profiles of the Gonadal Cycle in the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus: Wild Type vs. Bred by Bernardetta Anna Tenuzzo, Elisabetta Carata, Stefania Mariano and Luciana Dini --- Chapter 5: Importance of Gamete Quality in Ecotoxicological Application: Natural versus Bred Population in Paracentrotus lividus by Sartori Davide, Lera Samantha, Silvia Giuliani, Simona Macchia, Lorenzo Morroni, David Pellegrini and Andrea Gaion --- Chapter 6: The Sea Urchin Embryo: A Model for Studying Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Human Diseases and for Testing Bioactive Compounds by Maria Di Bernardo and Marta Di Carlo

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introductory Chapter: Marine Ecology—Biotic and Abiotic Interactions / by Muhammet Turkoglu, Umur Onal and Ali Ismen --- 2. Geo-Biological Coupling of Authigenic Carbonate Formation and Autotrophic Faunal Colonization at Deep-Sea Methane Seeps I: Geo-Biological Settings / by Takeshi Naganuma --- 3. Geo-Biological Coupling of Authigenic Carbonate Formation and Autotrophic Faunal Colonization at Deep-Sea Methane Seeps II. Geo-Biological Landscapes / by Takeshi Naganuma --- 4. Plankton Ecology and Productivity in Jamaican Waters with New and Unique Applications / by Mona K. Webber, Dale F. Webber and Gale Persad Ford --- 5. Ecology of Planktonic Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) / by Stig Skreslet --- 6. Encounters in the Zooplankton: Implications for Pelagic Ecosystem Dynamics / by Laura Sanvicente-Añorve and Miguel Alatorre-Mendieta --- 7. Marine Fisheries in Nigeria: A Review / by Olalekan Jacob Olaoye and Wahab Gbenga Ojebiyi --- 8. Marine Stock Enhancement in India: Current Status and Future Prospects / by Mohammad Serajuddin, Farah Bano, Madhu Awasthi, Pragya Gupta and Graish Kumar --- 9. The Natural Ecology and Stock Enhancement of the Edible Jellyfish (Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye, 1891) in the Liaodong Bay, Bohai Sea, China / by Jing Dong, Bin Wang, Yan Duan, Aiyong Wang, Yulong Li, Ming Sun, Yu Chai, Xiuze Liu, Xuguang Yu, Dong Guo and Xiaolin Wang --- 10. Overview on Mediterranean Shark’s Fisheries: Impact on the Biodiversity / by Mohamed Nejmeddine Bradai, Bechir Saidi and Samira Enajjar --- 11. An Update on Reproduction in Ghost Shrimps (Decapoda: Axiidea) and Mud Lobsters (Decapoda: Gebiidea) / by Patricio Hernáez --- 12. The Role of Microalgae in Renewable Energy Production: Challenges and Opportunities / by Abd Ellatif Mohamed Hussian

Description / Table of Contents: Plenary Lectures --- Fisheries Management: Status and Challenges / Ichiro Nomura / pp. 1-16 --- Exploring the BOFFFF Hypothesis Using a Model of Southern African Deepwater Hake (Merluccius paradoxus) / John G. Field, Coleen L. Moloney, Louis du Buisson, Astrid Jarre, Tore Stroemme, Marek R. Lipinski and Paulus Kainge / pp. 17-26 --- Effects of Fishing on Inter and Intra Stock Diversity of Marine Resources / Gudrun Marteinsdóttir and Heidi Pardoe / pp. 27-43 --- Knowledge on How To Achieve Sustainable Fisheries / Ray Hilborn / pp. 45-56 --- The Role of Docosahexaenoic and Arachidonic Acids as Determinants of Evolution and Hominid Brain Development / Michael A. Crawford, C. Leigh Broadhurst, Claudio Galli, Kebreab Ghebremeskel, Holm Holmsen, Letten F. Saugstad, Walter F. Schmidt, Andrew J. Sinclair and Stephen C. Cunnane / pp. 57-76 --- Genomics and the Genome Duplication in Salmonids / Ben F. Koop and William S. Davidson / pp. 77-86 --- A Tale of Two Initiatives: Integrated Coastal Management in Xiamen and Batangas Bay Region / Thia-Eng Chua / pp. 87-102 --- Keynote 1: Fisheries and Fish Biology --- Age-validated Longevity of Fishes: Its Importance for Sustainable Fisheries / Gregor M. Cailliet and Allen H. Andrews / pp. 103-120 --- Monitoring Prey Availability via Data Loggers Deployed on Seabirds: Advances and Present Limitations / C. A. Bost, A. Jaeger, W. Huin, P. Koubbi, L. G. Halsey, H. Hanuise and Y. Handrich / pp. 121-137 --- Refocusing Stock Assessment in Support of Policy Evaluation / André E. Punt / pp. 139-152 --- Hatchery Stocking for Restoring Wild Populations: A Genetic Evaluation of the Reproductive Success of Hatchery Fish vs. Wild Fish / Hitoshi Araki / pp. 153-167 --- A Review of Bycatch and Discard Issue Toward Solution / Tatsuro Matsuoka / pp. 169-180 --- Keynote 2: Aquaculture --- Environmental Impact of Aquaculture on Coastal Planktonic Ecosystems / Yngvar Olsen and Lasse Mork Olsen / pp. 181-196 --- Meeting the Future Demand for Aquatic Food through Aquaculture: the Role of Aquatic Animal Health / Melba G. Bondad-Reantaso and Rohana P. Subasinghe / pp. 197-207 --- Keynote 3: Biotechnology --- Spermatogonial Transplantation in Fish: Production of Trout Offspring from Salmon Parents / Tomoyuki Okutsu, Yutaka Takeuchi and Goro Yoshizaki / pp. 209-219 --- Biotechnology of Marine Invertebrates-Recent Advances in Shrimp and Shellfish / Anchalee Tassanakajon, Tipachai Vatanavicharn, Premruethai Supungul, Sureerat Tang, Piti Amparyup, Kunlaya Somboonwiwat, Sirinit Tharntada, Jun Takahashi and Haruhiko Toyohara / pp. 221-239 --- Molecular Biotechnology of Development and Growth in Fish Muscle / Ian A. Johnston, Daniel J. Macqueen and Shugo Watabe / pp. 241-262 --- Molecular Innate Immunity in Teleost Fish: Review and Future Perspectives / Takashi Aoki, Tomokazu Takano, Mudjekeewis D. Santos, Hidehiro Kondo and Ikuo Hirono / pp. 263-276 --- Molecular Interaction between Fish Pathogens and Host Aquatic Animals / Laura L. Brown and Stewart C. Johnson / pp. 277-288 --- Keynote 4: Post Harvest Science and Technology --- Progress on Processing and Utilization of Aquatic Products in China / Xichang Wang, Jingjing Zhang and Jiechun Deng / pp. 289-295 --- Molecular Identification of Species and the Geographic Origin of Seafood / Michiaki Yamashita, Atsushi Namikoshi, Jun Iguchi, Yasuharu Takashima, Mohammed Anwar Hossain, Takeshi Yabu and Yumiko Yamashita / pp. 297-306 --- Keynote 5: Ecosystems—Linking Climate Change and Fisheries— --- Effects of Climate Change on Marine Ecosystems / Chen-Tung Arthur Chen / pp. 307-316 --- Keynote 6: Freshwater, Coastal and Marine Environments --- Harmful Algal Blooms and Ocean Observing Systems: Needs, Present Status and Future Potential / Donald M. Anderson / pp. 317-334 --- Coastal Artificial Habitats for Fishery and Environmental Management and Scientific Advancement / William Seaman / pp. 335-349 --- “Sato-Umi”—A New Concept for Sustainable Fisheries / Tetsuo Yanagi / pp. 351-358 --- Keynote 7: Biodiversity and Management --- Optimal Fishing Policies That Maximize Sustainable Ecosystem Services / Hiroyuki Matsuda, Mitsutaku Makino and Koji Kotani / pp. 359-369 --- Ecosystem-Based Sustainable Conservation and Management of Pacific Salmon / Masahide Kaeriyama / pp. 371-380 --- Some Lessons from Implementing Management Procedures / Douglas S. Butterworth / pp. 381-397 --- Keynote 8: Economics and Social Science --- Reconsidering the Contribution of Fisheries to Society and Millennium Development Goals / Kenneth Ruddle / pp. 399-411 --- Advantages and Disadvantages of the Fisheries Trade / Yoshiaki Matsuda / pp. 413-423 --- Keynote 9: Education and International Cooperation --- Japan’s Fisheries Cooperation: Principle, Programs and Achievements / Akihiro Mae / pp. 425-434 --- Institutional Capacity Development for Sustainable Aquaculture and Fisheries: Strategic Partnership with Local Institutions / Renato F. Agbayani and Joebert D. Toledo / pp. 435-448 --- International Cooperation for Higher Education in Aquaculture and Fisheries Science—A European Point of View— / Jean Dhont / pp. 449-460

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- 2. Biology of leptocephali --- 2-1. Developmental stages --- 2-2. Morphological features --- 2-3. Sensory organs --- 2-4. Feeding ecology --- 2-5. Physiology and energetics --- 2-6. Growth of leptocephali --- 2-7. Metamorphosis --- 2-8. Swimming behavior --- 3. Zoogeography of leptocephali --- 3-1. Taxonomic groups of eels --- 3-2. Spawning areas of eels --- 3-3. Distribution and abundance of leptocephali --- 3-4. Seasonal occurrence of leptocephali --- 4. Ecology of leptocephali --- 4-1. Depth distribution and vertical migration --- 4-2. Survival and predation --- 4-3. Recruitment behavior --- 5. General discussion and future perspectives --- 5-1. Biology of leptocephali --- 5-2. Leptocephalus growth --- 5-3. Zoogeography and diversity of leptocephali --- 5-4. The leptocephalus larval strategy --- 5-5. Oceanic changes and leptocephalus recruitment --- 5-6. Ecological significance of leptocephali in the surface layer --- 5-7. Future research perspectives

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- 2. Eel as an experimental fish for studying liver functions --- 2-1. Availability of eel (Anguilla japonica) as an experimental fish --- 2-2. Perfusion of eel liver --- 2-3. Primary culture of eel hepatocytes --- 2-3A. Isolated eel hepatocytes --- 2-3B. Primary culture of eel hepatocytes --- 3. Glucose metabolisms in eel liver --- 3-1. Gluconeogenesis in rat liver --- 3-2. Gluconeogenesis in eel liver --- 3-2A. Gluconeogenesis by perfused eel liver --- 3-2B. Gluconeogenesis by isolated eel hepatocytes and cultured eel hepatocytes --- 3-3. Phosphoenolpyruvate synthesis pathway in eel liver --- 3-3A. Effects of inhibitors --- 3-3B. Subcellular distribution of enzymes --- 3-3C. Effects of leucine and other amino acids --- 3-3D. Effect of oleic acid --- 3-4. Comparison of PEP synthesis pathways between eel, rat, and pigeon liver --- 3-5. Glycogen metabolisms in eel liver --- 4. Lipoprotein metabolisms in eel liver --- 4-1. Characteristics of fish serum lipoproteins --- 4-2. Lipoproteins secreted by primary cultured eel hepatocytes --- 4-3. Effects of maturation on eel lipoprotein metabolism --- 4-3A. Comparison of body length, body weight, gonad-somatic index, and plasma thyroxine between silver and yellow eels --- 4-3B. Comparison of plasma lipoproteins between silver and yellow eels --- 4-3C. Comparison of lipoprotein synthesis by cultured hepatocytes of silver and yellow eels --- 4-3D. Effect of thyroxine on lipoprotein synthesis by cultured eel hepatocytes --- 4-4. HDL binding to primary cultured eel hepatocytes --- 4-4A. Stimulatory effect of HDL on VLDL-like lipoprotein synthesis and secretion --- 4-4B. ApoAI and apoAII of HDL do not function as a ligand for eel HDL receptor --- 4-4C. Ganglioside of HDL functions as a ligand for an HDL receptor of eel hepatocytes --- 4-4C-1. Ganglioside GM4 isolated from eel serum HDL --- 4-4C-2. GM4 as the ligand for eel HDL receptor --- 4-5. Vitellogenin induction by cultured eel hepatocytes --- 4-5A. Vitellogenin induction by estradiol-17β --- 4-5B. Vitellogenin induction by cultured eel hepatocytes --- 4-5C. Stimulatory effect of HDL on vitellogenin synthesis and secretion --- 5. Discussion --- 5-1. Integrity of a perfused eel liver, isolated and cultured hepatocytes --- 5-2. Gluconeogenesis and glycogen metabolisms in eel liver --- 5-2A. Gluconeogenesis --- 5-2B. Glycogen metabolisms --- 5-3. Lipoprotein metabolisms in eel liver --- 5-3A. Lipoprotein synthesized by cultured eel hepatocytes --- 5-3B. HDL metabolism --- 5-3C. Induction of vitellogenin synthesis by cultured eel hepatocytes. --- 5-4. General Discussion

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- 2. Phylogeny of the genus Anguilla --- 2-1. Morphological studies --- 2-2. Molecular phylogenetic approaches --- 2-3. A new species in the genus Anguilla --- 3. Life histories of temperate anguillids --- 3-1. Spawning areas of temperate eels --- 3-2. Larval migration of temperate eels --- 3-3. Growth phase and spawning migration --- 4. Population structure of temperate eels --- 5. Life histories of tropical anguillids --- 5-1. Spawning areas of tropical eels --- 5-2. Larval migration of tropical eels --- 5-3. Growth phase and spawning migration --- 6. Population structure of tropical eels --- 7. Discussion --- 7-1. Evolution of migration in anguillid eels --- 7-2. Management and conservation of eel resources

Description / Table of Contents: The term biodiversity has become a mainstream concept that can be found in any newspaper at any given time. Concerns on biodiversity protection are usually linked to species protection and extinction risks for iconic species, such as whales, pandas and so on. However, conserving biodiversity has much deeper implications than preserving a few (although important) species. Biodiversity in ecosystems is tightly linked to ecosystem functions such as biomass production, organic matter decomposition, ecosystem resilience, and others. Many of these ecological processes are also directly implied in services that the humankind obtains from ecosystems. The first part of this book will introduce different concepts and theories important to understand the links between ecosystem function and ecosystem biodiversity. The second part of the book provides a wide range of different studies showcasing the evidence and practical implications of such relationships.

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Treatment of Organic Recalcitrant Contaminants in Wastewater by Asmita Gupta and Indu Shekhar Thakur --- Chapter 2: Application of Macrobiological Methods in the Settlement Wastewater Treatment by Dragan Milićević, Slaviša Trajković and Milan Gocić --- Chapter 3: Microbe-Based Strategy for Plant Nutrient Management by Shaon Ray Chaudhuri, Madhusmita Mishra, Sonakshi De, Biswajit Samal, Amrita Saha, Srimoyee Banerjee, Abhinandan Chakraborty, Antara Chakraborty, Sonali Pardhiya, Deepak Gola, Joyeeta Chakraborty, Sourav Ghosh, Kamlesh Jangid, Indranil Mukherjee, Mathummal Sudarshan, Rajib Nath and Ashoke Ranjan Thakur --- Chapter 4: Mitigating Environmental Risks of Wastewater Reuse for Agriculture by Ahmed Al-Busaidi and Mushtaque Ahmed --- Chapter 5: Spreading of Antibiotic Resistance with Wastewater by Sadik Dincer and Esra Sunduz Yigittekin --- Chapter 6: Comparative Assessment of Pharmaceutical Removal from Wastewater by the Microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana, Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus by Carla Escapa Santos, Ricardo Nuno de Coimbra, Sergio Paniagua Bermejo, Ana Isabel García Pérez and Marta Otero Cabero --- Chapter 7: Pulp Mill Wastewater: Characteristics and Treatment by María Noel Cabrera --- Chapter 8: Molecular Biomonitoring of Microbial Communities in Tannery Wastewater Treatment Plant for the Removal of Retanning Chemicals by Adey Feleke Desta, Joyce Nzioki, Solomon Maina and Francesca Stomeo --- Chapter 9: Application of Mixed Microbial Culture Biofilms for Manganese (II), Cobalt (II), and Chromium (VI) Biosorption by Horizontal Rotating Tubular Bioreactor by Tonči Rezić, Iva Rezić, Michaela Zeiner and Božidar Šantek --- Chapter 10: Electrocoagulative and Biological Treatment of Laundry Wastewater by Terelle Ramcharan and Ajay Bissessur --- Chapter 11: Biohydrogen Production from Wastewaters by Periyasamy Sivagurunathan, Gopalakrishnan Kumar, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi, Guangyin Zhen, Takuro Kobayashi and Kaiqin Xu --- Chapter 12: Valorization of Glucose-Based Wastewater Through Production of Hydrogen, Volatile Fatty Acids and Alcohols by Eduardo Lucena Cavalcante de Amorim, Leandro Takano Sader, Lucas Rodrigues Ramos and Edson Luiz Silva --- Chapter 13: Production of Biogas and Performance Evaluation of Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment (POME) by Abdurahman Hamid Nour and Azhari Hamid Nour

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Introductory Chapter: Plant Ecology by Zubaida Yousaf and Habiba Ramazan --- Chapter 2: Detection of Environmental Mutagens Through Plant Bioassays by Özlem Aksoy --- Chapter 3: Ecology of Woody Plants in African Savanna Ecosystems by Allan Sebata --- Chapter 4: Modification in Grassland Ecology under the Influence of Changing Climatic and Land Use Conditions by Jimin Cheng, Chengcheng Gang, Liang Guo, Wei Li, Jingwei Jin, Jishuai Su and Lin Wei --- Chapter 5: Leaf Ecology and Radiocesium Contamination in Trees/Forests by Toshihiro Yoshihara --- Chapter 6: Plant-Microbe Ecology: Interactions of Plants and Symbiotic Microbial Communities by Ying-Ning Ho, Dony Chacko Mathew and Chieh-Chen Huang --- Chapter 7: Phytosociological Surveys in Weed Science: Old Concept, New Approach by Germani Concenço, Patrícia Menegaz de Farias, Néstor Fabio Alzate Quintero, Fábio Schreiber, Leandro Galon, Michely Tomazi, Ivana Santos Moisinho, Mariane Camponogara Coradini, William Christofari Ceolin and André Andres --- Chapter 8: Ecological Response to Global Change: Changes in C:N:P Stoichiometry in Environmental Adaptations of Plants by Renato de Mello Prado and Gilmara Pereira da Silva --- Chapter 9: Biogeographical Areas of Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Republic of Haiti) by Ana Cano Ortiz, Carmelo María Musarella and Eusebio Cano Carmona

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Introductory Chapter: The Main Directions and Tasks of Pure and Applied Biogeography in Solving the Global Problems of Our Time by Levente Hufnagel --- Chapter 2: Are Historical Biogeographical Events Able to Promote Biological Diversification? by Julián A. Velasco --- Chapter 3: Ecological Responses to Climate Change at Biogeographical Boundaries by Melinda Pálinkás --- Chapter 4: A Synopsis of Global Mapping of Freshwater Habitats and Biodiversity: Implications for Conservation by Ryan A. McManamay, Natalie A. Griffiths, Christoper R. DeRolph and Brenda M. Pracheil --- Chapter 5: Plant Antiherbivore Defense in Diverse Environments by Alina Morquecho-Contreras, Carmen Zepeda-Gómez and Hermilo Sánchez-Sánchez --- Chapter 6: Vachellia (Acacia) karroo Communities in South Africa: An Overview by Mamokete Dingaan and Pieter J. du Preez --- Chapter 7: Ecological Biogeography of West Usambara Mountains: A Study on the Influence of Abiotic Factors to Spatial Distribution of Plant and Animal Species by Joel Loitu Meliyo, Kenneth F.G. Masuki, Balthazar M. Msanya, Didas N. Kimaro and Loth S. Mulungu

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Impacts of Climate Change and Climate Variability on Wildlife Resources in Southern Africa: Experience from Selected Protected Areas in Zimbabwe / By Olga L. Kupika, Edson Gandiwa, Shakkie Kativu and Godwell Nhamo --- 2. Biological Conservation and Nature Protection Strategies in Spanish Atlantic Region / By Javier Ferreiro da Costa and Pablo Ramil-Rego --- 3. Methods for Biodiversity Assessment: Case Study in an Area of Atlantic Forest in Southern Brazil / By Maria Raquel Kanieski, Solon Jonas Longhi and Philipe Ricardo Casemiro Soares --- 4. Seabed Biodiversity Shifts Identify Climate Regimes: The 2011 Climate Regime Shift and Associated Cascades / By Jeffrey B. Marliave, Donna M. Gibbs, Laura A. Borden and Charles J. Gibbs --- 5. Safeguarding Marine Biodiversity in a Changing World: Maltese Small-Scale Fisheries and Alien Species / By Adriana Vella and Noel Vella --- 6. Biodiversity of Amphipoda Talitridae in Tunisian Wetlands / By Jelassi Raja, Khemaissia Hajer and Nasri-Ammar Karima --- 7. Biodiversity Restoration and Renewable Energy from Hydropower: Conflict or Synergy? / By Wondmagegn Tafesse Tirkaso, Ing‐Marie Gren, Leonard Sandin, Joel Segersten, David Spjut and Erik Degerman --- 8. Determinants of Orchid Occurrence: A Czech Example / By Zuzana Štípková, Kristina Kosánová, Dušan Romportl and Pavel Kindlmann --- 9. Dark-Colored Forest Bee Apis mellifera in Siberia, Russia: Current State and Conservation of Populations / By Nadezhda V. Ostroverkhova, Aksana N. Kucher, Olga L. Konusova, Ekaterina S. Gushchina, Vadim V. Yartsev and Yury L. Pogorelov --- 10. Integration of Ecological and Socioeconomic Factors in Securing Wildlife Dispersal Corridors in the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area, Southern Africa / By Simon M. Munthali, Nicholas Smart, Victor Siamudaala, Morris Mtsambiwa and Eleanor Harvie --- 11. Usefulness of Plant Biodiversity in the Cities of Togo / By Radji Raoufou and Kokou Kouami --- 12. Towards an Integrative Taxonomy of the Genus Alstroemeria (Alstroemeriaceae) in Chile: A Comprehensive Review / By Victor L. Finot, Carlos M. Baeza, Eduardo Ruiz, Oscar Toro and Pedro Carrasco --- 13. Ecosystem Services Provided by the Little Things That Run the World / By Olga Maria Correia Chitas Ameixa, António Onofre Soares, Amadeu M.V.M. Soares and Ana I. Lillebø --- 14. Commercial Harvesting of Marula (Sclerocarya Birrea) in Swaziland: A Quest for Sustainability / By Alfred Francis Murye and André J. Pelser --- 15. Synopsis of Mangle Species in Mexico / By Basáñez Muñoz Agustín de Jesús, Serrano Solis Arturo, Martínez Cortés Esmeralda, Cuervo López Liliana, Capistrán Barradas Ascención and Naval Ávila Celina --- 16. Positive Rules Can Lead to Positive Behaviours: Students’ Perceptions of Messages on Information Boards in Protected Areas / By Gregor Torkar, Saša Mezek and Janez Jerman --- 17. Prey Selection of Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck and Schlegel, 1846) in a Freshwater Ecosystem (Lake Eğirdir/Turkey) / By Meral Apaydin Yağci, Ahmet Alp, Abdulkadir Yağci, Vedat Yeğen and Mehmet Ali Turan Koçer --- 18. Importance of Underutilized Field Crops for Increasing Functional Biodiversity / By Franc Bavec, Urška Lisec and Martina Bavec