ALBERT

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis Teil 1. Übersicht 1. Der Gegenstand der Hydrologie 2. Wassermengen, Wasserkreislauf und Wasserbilanz der Erde 2.1. Die Evolution der Hydrosphäre und des Wasserkreislaufes 2.2. Die Wassermengen der Erde 2.3. Der Wasserkreislauf der Erde 2.4. Die Wasserbilanz der Erde 3. Energie- und Stoffhaushalt 3.1. Besonderheiten des Naturstoffes Wasser 3.2. Wasserkreislauf und Wasserbeschaffenheit 3.3. Energiehaushalt 3.4. Stoffhaushalt 3.4.1. Allgemeines 3.4.2. Sauerstoff-Kohlenstoff-Haushalt 3.4.3. Stickstoffkreislauf 3.4.4. Phosphorkreislauf 3.4.5. Schwefelkreislauf 3.4.6. Stoffaustrag aus den Einzugsgebieten 3.4.7. Auswirkungen der Verschmutzung und Sanierungsmöglichkeiten bei den Haupttypen der Gewässer 3.4.8. Wasserschadstoffe 4. Die wichtigsten hydrologischen Prozesse und Systeme 4.1. Prozesse, Systeme und Modelle 4.2. Das Wasser im System Boden - Pflanze - Atmosphäre 4.3. Das Wasser im Einzugsgebiet 4.4. Das Maßstabsproblem 5. Zur Geschichte der Hydrologie 6. Bedeutung der Hydrologie für die Volkswirtschaft 6.1. Wasserressourcen und Wasserbewirtschaftung 6.2. Hydrologie - Basiswissenschaft der Wasserressourcen-Bewirtschaftung Literaturverzeichnis zum Teil 1 Teil 2. Erfassung und Ausweitung hydrologischer Daten 7. Hydrometrie 7.1. Aufgaben und Inhalt der Hydrometrie 7.2. Wasserstand 7.2.1. Kriterien für die Standortwahl der Meßstellen 7.2.2. Nichtregistrierende Pegel 7.2.3. Mechanischer Schwimmerschreibpegel 7.2.4. Druckluftpegel 7.2.5. Fernpegel 7.3. Durchfluß 7.3.1. Der Zweck von Durchflußmessungen 7.3.2. Messung des Druchflusses mit Hilfe des Flügels 7.3.3. Auswertung der Flügelmessung 7.3.4. Verdünnungsmessungen 7.3.5. Meßwehre 7.3.6. Venturikanal 7.3.7. Ultraschallmessung 7.3.8. Wasserstand-Durchfluß-Beziehung 7.4. Grundwasserbeobachtung 7.4.1. Überblick 7.4.2. Messung des Grundwasserstandes 7.4.3. Quellschüttungsmessungen 7.4.4. Durchfluß- und Beschaflenheitsmessungen 8. Zur Auswertung hydrologischer Daten 8.1. Überblick 8.2. Ganglinie, Summen-und SummendifTerenzlinie 8.3. Primärstatistische Auswertung 8.3.1. Häufigkeiten 8.3.2. Summenhäuflgkeiten 8.3.3. Statistische Maßzahlen 8.3.4. Gewässerkundliche Hauptzahlen 8.4. Wahrscheinlichkeitsanalysen 8.4.1. Begriffe und grundsätzliche Zusammenhänge 8.4.2. Die Normalverteilung 8.4.3. Aufbau und Nutzung von Wahrscheinlichkeitsnetzen 8.4.4. Die Pearsonverteilung Typ III 8.4.5. Das Wiederkehrintervall 8.5. Korrelationsanalyse 8.5.1. Korrelationskoeffizient 8.5.2. Reihenkorrelationskoeflizient Literaturverzeichnis zum Teil 2 Teil 3: Die Elemente des Wasserhaushalts 9. Der Niederschlag 9.1. Haupttypen und Arten des Niederschlags 9.2. Niederschlagsmessung 9.2.1. Punktuelle Niederschlagsmessung 9.2.2. Messung des Gebietsniederschlags 9.3. Auswertung von Punkt- und Gebietsniederschlagsmessungen 9.3.1. Punktniederschläge 9.3.2. Gebietsniederschläge für Einzugsgebiete 9.4. Stark-und Bemessungsniederschläge 9.5. Zeitliche und räumliche Verteilung des Niederschlags 9.6. Stochastische Analyse und Simulation des Niederschlags 9.6.1. Aufgabe 9.6.2. Modelle mit geringer zeitlicher Auflösung (Monats- und Jahreswerte) 9.6.3. Modelle hoher zeitlicher Auflösung 9.7. Wasserabgabe aus der Schneedecke 9.7.1. Grundbegriffe und Grundlagen 9.7.2. Ermittlung der Wasserabgabe aus der Schneedecke 10. Verdunstung 10.1. Begriffe, Prozesse und Aufgabenstellung 10.2. Messung der Verdunstung 10.3. Berechnung der potentiellen Evapotranspiration 10.3.1. Berechnung langjähriger Mittelwerte von ETP 10.3.2. Berechnung aktueller Einzelwerte von ETP 10.4. Berechnung der realen Verdunstung 10.4.1. Berechnung langjähriger Mittelwerte von ETR 10.4.2. Berechnung aktueller Werte der realen Verdunstung 10.4.3. Berechnung der Gebietsverdunstung aus'Klimabeobachtungen 10.5. Verdunstung freier Wasserflächen 10.5.1. Allgemeines 10.5.2. Bestimmung der Gewässerverdunstung nach Daten von Floßverdunstungskesseln 10.5.3. Berechnung der Gewässerverdunstung nach der Wärmehaushaltsmethode 10.5.4. Aerodynamische Methode 10.5.5. Ermittlung der Gewässerverdunstung aus Klimabeobachtungen 11. Der Abfluß 11.1. Allgemeine Grundlagen 11.2. Die Abflußkomponenten 11.2.1. Allgemeines 11.2.2. Durchflußganglinien-Seperation nach dem Einzellinearspeicher-Prinzip 11.2.3. Die Bilanzierung der separierten Durchflußganglinie 11.3. Stochastische Analyse von Durchflußbeobachtungsreihen 11.4. Langfristige Durchflußschwankungen 11.5. Mathematische Modelle zur stochastischen Simulation des Durchflußprozesses 11.5.1. Grundlagen 11.5.2. Grundtypen stochastischer Modelle 11.5.3. Zur Identifikation des Modelltyps 11.6. Inneijährliche Durchflußschwankungen 11.6.1. Darstellung der inneijährlichen Durchflußschwankungen 11.6.2. Modellierung des Jahrgangs 11.7. Abfluß-und Durchflußänderungen infolge anthropogener Einflüsse 12. Die Speicherung in den Einzugsgebieten 12.1. Übersicht 12.2. Wasserspeicherung in der Schneedecke 12.3. Wasserspeicherung in oberirdischen Gewässern 12.4. Wasserspeicherung in der ungesättigten Bodenzone 12.5. Wasserspeicherung in der Grundwasserzone 12.6. Größenvergleich natürlicher und künstlicher Speicherräume Literaturverzeichnis zum Teil 3 Teil 4: Die oberirdischen Gewässer 13. Die fließenden oberirdischen Gewässer und ihre Einzugsgebiete 13.1. Übersicht, Begriffe 13.2. Strukturen und Eigenschaften von Flußgebieten 13.2.1. Übersiqht 13.2.2. Flußnötze 13.2.3. Flußlängen 13.2.4. Einzugsgebietsflächen 13.2.5. Gefällewerte 13.2.6. Die hypsometrische (Flächen-Höhen)Kurve 13.2.7. Weitere geomorphologische Kennwerte 13.3. Maßverhältnisse der Flußbetten 13.3.1. Flußbettbildung 13.3.2. Der Grundriß der Flüsse 13.3.3. Der Längsschnitt der Flüsse 13.3.4. Der Querschnitt der Flüsse und hydraulische Flußbettgeometrie 13.4. Der Durchfluß der Flüsse 13.4.1. Berechnung des Durchflusses in den Fließgewässern 13.4.2. Durchflußkomponenten und Durchflußbereiche 13.4.3. Flußtypen 13.5. Stoffabtrag und Stoffiransport 13.5.1. Übersicht 13.5.2. Bodenerosion durch Wasser 13.5.3. Linienhafter Abtrag durch fließendes Wasser und Feststoffiransport 13.5.4. Gelöste Stoffe 13.6. Wärmehaushalt der Fließgewässer 13.6.1. Berechnung der Wassertemperatur in Fließgewässern 13.6.2. Eisbildung in fließenden Gewässern 13.7. Nutzung und Schutz der Fließgewässer 13.7.1. Selbstreinigung der Fließgewässer 13.7.2. Klassifizierung der Wasserbeschaffenheit 14. Die stehenden oberirdischen Gewässer 14.1. Übersicht 14.2. Die Gestalt der Seen und ihre Veränderung 14.2.1. Die wichtigsten morphometrischen Kennwerte 14.2.2. Die Verlandung der Seen 14.3. Hydrologische Seentypen und hydrologische Zusammensetzung des Seewassers 14.4. Wärmehaushalt der Seen 14.4.1. Wärmebilanz und Wärmegehalt der Seen 14.4.2. Thermik der Seen 14.5. Wasserbewegung und Austausch in Seen 14.5.1. Charakter und biologische Bedeutung der Wasserbewegung 14.5.2. Wellenbewegungen 14.5.3. Strömungen in Seen 14.5.4. Numerische Modellierung der Zirkulation in Seen 14.6. Nutzung und Schutz der Standgewässer 14.6.1. Klassifizierung der stehenden Oberflächengewässer 14.6.2. Wassergüte-Bewirtschaftungsstrategien für stehende Oberflächengewässer 14.7. Seerückhalt Literaturverzeichnis zum Teil 4 Teil 5: Das unterirdische Wasser 15. Das Wasser in der Aerationszone 15.1. Die Stellung der Aerationszone im hydrologischen Kreislauf 15.2. Korngrößenverteilung im Boden 15.3. Porosität und Dichte 15.4. Der Wassergehalt des Bodens 15.5. Ginteilung des Bodenwassers nach den wirksamen Kräften 15.6. Charakteristische Werte der Wasserbindung 15.7. Potentiale des Bodenwassers 15.8. Die Saugspannung-Sättigungs-Beziehung 16. Das Grundwasser 16.1. Grundwasser und sein vielfältiges Vorkommen 16.2. Grundwasserleiter 16.3. Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Aerations- und Grundwasserzone 16.4. Unterirdisches Einzugsgebiet, Gefälle und Fließrichtung des Grundwassers 16.5. Grundwasserstandsschwankungen und ihre Ursachen 16.6. Probleme und Aufgaben der Grundwasserbewirtschaftung 17. Die Dynamik des unterirdischen Wassers 17.1. Überblick 17.2. Die dynamische Grundgleic

Note: Cover; Title; Copyright; CONTENTS; Acknowledgments; Introduction: We Become What We Measure; Casting a Spell; Exploring a Path; 1. More, Better, Faster: The Beginnings ; Productivity, Growth, and Success; Goals and Measures; Values and Measures; 2. The Origins of Bling: The Spirit of Economic Growth ; The World of Growth: Refining the Measure; Business Accounting Goes National; 3. The Crucible of Crisis: The Great Depression and the Need for Economic Indicators ; 4. Born from Disaster: The Making of a Key Measure ; The Challenge; The Players; The Method; The Findings. , The Big Conundrum: Translating Findings into Action5. Forged in War; 6. Global Domination: The Age of GDP ; For Richer or Poorer; A Stunted Priesthood; Stopgap Consensus; Going Global; New Rules; GDP Junkies; Shackled in Fool's Gold; 7. Today's ABC of GDP ; It's an Emperor, but Does It Have Clothes?; Why It Matters; 8. More Is Not Enough ; The Little Big Number: Our Report Card for Success; Emerging Dissent; 9. "The People of Plenty Are a People of Waste"; Breaking the Spell; 10. From Alchemy to Reason: What If? A Thought Experiment; Mental Cobwebs; One More Time: Simon Kuznets. , Clearing a Path11. Looking Forward; A Daring Vision; A Moment of Possibility; Appendix A. The Measure as Guide; Notes; Bibliography; Index.

Note: Preface to the fourth editionIntroduction and overview -- Macroeconomic accounts, market structure, and behavioral functions -- Economic structure and aggregate accounts -- Economic structure and macroeconomics -- A general accounting framework -- Production structure in an open economy -- The structure of labor markets -- Policy consistency and solvency -- Fiscal rules and fiscal discipline -- Fiscal rules, public investment and growth -- Appendix: Fiscal effects of privatization..

Note: Introduction; Benno WerlenPreface: Speech at TIERS Conference in Jena on 8 June 2012; Matthias Machnig -- PART I: INTEGRATED TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH -- Chapter 1: Sustainability and Territory: An Approach from the Perspective of the Imaginary in Shaping Development; Enrique Aliste -- Chapter 2: Challenges for Transdisciplinary Research; Joske Bunders -- Chapter 3: Narratives for a Sustainable Future. Vision and Motivation for Collective Action; Ilan Chabay -- PART II: KNOWLEDGE -- Chapter 4: Carving a Niche for the Social Sciences in Trans-disciplinary Research on Climate Change Adaptation and Agriculture in Southern Africa; Chipo Plaxedes Mubaya -- Chapter 5: From Co-Production of Knowledge to Transdisciplinary Research. Lessons from the Quest for Producing Socially Robust Knowledge; Juergen Weichselgartner and Bernhard Truffer -- PART III: INTERFACES SOCIETY NATURE -- Chapter 6: Terrestrial Ecosystems Dynamic in the Senegalese Agro-silvopastoral Center-east in the Second Half of the XXe Century; Aliou Dijouf and Matthew G. Hatvany -- Chapter 7: Integrated Global Change Research in West Africa: Flood Vulnerability Studies; Ibidun Adelekan -- Chapter 8: Integrated Approach in Environment Management: Context Bangladesh; Raquib Ahmed -- Chapter 9: Awareness of and Responses to the 2011 Flood Warnings among Vulnerable Communities in Lagos, Nigeria; Olokesusi, F., Olorunfemi, F.B., Onwuemele A. and Oke, M.O -- PART IV: INTERFACES SCIENCE POLICY -- Chapter 10: Solution-Based Spatial Planning for Disaster Risk Reduction and Adaptation to Climate Change in Taiwan; Yu-Fang Lin -- Chapter 11: Institutions and Planning: A Reflection from the Disaster Management Planning in Indonesia; Hendricus A Simarmata and Raka W Suryandaru -- Chapter 12: Could the Search for Sustainability Reinforce the Socio-ecological Conflict? The Mining Industry in Chile and its Impact at the Local and Regional Level; Fernando Campos-Medina -- Chapter 13: Institutions and Planning: A Reflection from Disaster Management Planning in Indonesia; Hendricus A. Simarmata and Raka W. Suryandaru -- Chapter 14: Could the Search for Sustainability Reinforce the Socio-ecological Conflict? The Mining Industry in Chile and its Impact at the Local and Regional Level; Fernando Campos-Medina -- Chapter 15: Political decision-making and Scientific Insights. A comment form the Political Arena; Matthias Machnig..

Note: Foreword; Prologue; Acknowledgements; Contents; Chapter 1: Early Earth Systems; 1.1 Archaean and Proterozoic Atmospheres; 1.2 Early Biospheres; 1.3 Greenhouse States and Glaciations; Chapter 2: Phanerozoic Life and Mass Extinctions of Species; 2.1 Acraman Impact and Acritarchs Radiation; 2.2 Cambrian and Late Ordovician Mass Extinction; 2.3 Late and End-Devonian Mass Extinctions; 2.4 Late Permian and Permian-Triassic Mass Extinctions; 2.5 End-Triassic Mass Extinction; 2.6 Jurassic-Cretaceous Extinction; 2.7 K-T (Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary) Mass Extinction; 2.8 Paleocene-Eocene Extinction. , 2.9 The End-Eocene FreezeChapter 3: Cenozoic Biological Evolution (by Colin Groves); 3.1 The Evolution of Mammals; 3.2 From Primates to Humans; 3.3 From Genetic Evolution to Cultural Evolution; Chapter 4: Fire and the Biosphere; 4.1 An Incendiary Biosphere; 4.2 The Deep-Time History of Fire; 4.3 Fire and Pre-historic Human Evolution; 4.4 Neolithic Burning and Early Civilizations; Chapter 5: The Anthropocene; 5.1 The Modern Atmosphere; 5.2 Neolithic Burning and Early Global Warming; 5.3 The Great Carbon Oxidation Event; 5.4 The Sixth Mass Extinction of Species; 5.5 The Faustian Bargain. , 5.6 The Post-anthropocene WorldChapter 6: Rare Earth; Chapter 7: Prometheus: An Epilogue; References; About the Book and the Authors; Index.

Note: Contents Preface 1 Data Analysis in Earth Sciences 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Collecting Data 1.3 Types of Data 1.4 Methods of Data Analysis Recommended Reading 2 Introduction to MATLAB 2.1 MATLAB in Earth Sciences 2.2 Getting Started 2.3 The Syntax 2.4 Data Storage 2.5 Data Handling 2.6 Scripts and Functions 2.7 Basic Visualization Tools Recommended Reading 3 Univariate Statistics 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Empirical Distributions Measures of Central Tendency Measures of Dispersion 3.3 Example of Empirical Distributions 3.4 Theoretical Distributions Uniform Distribution Binomial or Bernoulli Distribution Poisson Distribution Normal or Gaussian Distribution Logarithmic Normal or Log-Normal Distribution Student's t Distribution Fisher's F Distribution Χ2 or Chi-Squared Distribution 3.5 Example ofTheoretical Distributions 3.6 Thet-Test 3.7 TheF-Test 3.8 The Χ2-Test Recommended Reading 4 Bivariate Statistics 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Pearson's Correlation Coefficient 4.3 Classical Linear Regression Analysis and Prediction 4.4 Analyzing the Residuals 4.5 Bootstrap Estimates of the Regression Coefficients 4.6 Jackknife Estimates of the Regression Coefficients 4.7 Cross Validation 4.8 Reduced Major Axis Regression 4.9 Curvilinear Regression Recommended Reading 5 Time-Series Analysis 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Generating Signals 5.3 Blackman-Tukey Autospectral Analysis 5.4 Blackman-Tukey Crossspectral Analysis 5.5 Interpolating and Analyzing Unevenly-Spaced Data 5.6 Evolutionary Blackman-Tukey Powerspectrum 5.7 Lomb-Scargle Powerspectrum 5.8 Wavelet Powerspectrum 5.9 Nonlinear Time-Series Analysis (by N. Marwarn) Phase Space Portrait Recurrence Plots Recommended Reading 6 Signal Processing 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Generating Signals 6.3 Linear Time-Invariant Systems 6.4 Convolution and Filtering 6.5 Comparing Functions for Filtering Data Series 6.6 Recursive and Nonrecursive Filters 6.7 Impulse Response 6.8 Frequency Response 6.9 Filter Design 6.10 Adaptive Filtering Recommended Reading 7 Spatial Data 7.1 Types of Spatial Data 7.2 The GSHHS Shoreline Data Set 7.3 The 2-Minute Gridded Global Elevation Data ETOPO2 7.4 The 30-Arc Seconds Elevation Model GTOPO30 7.5 The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission SRTM 7.6 Gridding and Contouring Background 7.7 Gridding Example 7.8 Comparison of Methods and Potential Artifacts 7.9 Statistics of Point Distributions Test for Uniform Distribution Test for Random Distribution Test for Clustering 7.10 Analysis of Digital Elevation Models (by R. Gebbers) 7.11 Geostatistics and Kriging (by R. Gebbers) Theorical Background Preceding Analysis Variography with the Classical Variogram Kriging Discussion of Kriging Recommended Reading 8 Image Processing 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Datastorage 8.3 Importing, Processing and Exporting Images 8.4 Importing, Processing and Exporting Satellite Images 8.5 Georeferencing Satellite Images 8.6 Digitizing from the Screen Recommended Reading 9 Multivariate Statistics 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Principal Component Analysis 9.3 Independent Component Analysis (by N. Marwan) 9.4 Cluster Analysis Recommended Reading 10 Statistics on Directional Data 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Graphical Representation 10.3 Empirical Distributions 10.4 Theoretical Distributions 10.5 Test for Randomness of Directional Data 10.6 Test for the Significance of a Mean Direction 10.7 Test for the Difference of Two Sets of Directions Recommended Reading General Index

Note: Contents Preface PART I Framework of Climate Science CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science Climate and Climate Change 1-1 Geologic Time Tools of Climate Science: Temperature Scales 1-2 How This Book Is Organized Development of Climate Science 1-3 How Scientists Study Climate Change Overview of the Climate System 1-4 Components of the Climate System 1-5 Climate Forcing 1-6 Climate System Responses 1-7 Time Scales of Forcing Versus Response 1-8 Differing Response Rates and Climate-System Interactions 1-9 Feedbacks in the Climate System Climate Interactions and Feedbacks: Positive and Negative Feedbacks CHAPTER 2 Climate Archives, Data, and Models Climate Archives, Dating, and Resolution 2-1 Types of Archives 2-2 Dating Climate Records 2-3 Climatic Resolution Climatic Data 2-4 Biotic Data 2-5 Geological and Geochemical Data Climate Models 2-6 Physical Climate Models 2-7 Geochemical Models PART II Tectonic-Scale Climate Change CHAPTER 3 CO2and Long-Term Climate Greenhouse Worlds Faint Young Sun Paradox Carbon Exchanges Between Rocks and the Atmosphere 3-1 Volcanic Input of Carbon from Rocks to the Atmosphere 3-2 Removal of CO2 from the Atmosphere by Chemical Weathering Climatic Factors That Control Chemical Weathering Is Chemical Weathering Earth’s Thermostat? 3-3 Greenhouse Role of Water Vapor Is Life the Ultimate Control on Earth’s Thermostat? 3-4 Gaia Hypothesis Looking Deeper into Climate Science: Organic Carbon Subcycle Was There a “Thermostat Malfunction”? A Snowball Earth? CHAPTER Plate Tectonics and Long-Term Climate Plate Tectonics 4-1 Structure and Composition of Tectonic Plates 4-2 Evidence of Past Plate Motions Polar Position Hypothesis 4-3 Glaciations and Continental Positions Since 500 Myr Ago Modeling Climate on the Supercontinent Pangaea 4-4 Input to the Model Simulation of Climate on Pangaea Looking Deeper into Climate Science: Brief Glaciation 440 Myr Ago 4-5 Output from the Model Simulation of Climate on Pangaea Tectonic Control of CO2 Input: BLAG Spreading-Rate Hypothesis 4-6 Control of CO2 Input by Seafloor Spreading 4-7 Initial Evaluation of the BLAG Spreading Rate Hypothesis Tectonic Control of CO2Removal: Uplift-Weathering Hypothesis 4-8 Rock Exposure and Chemical Weathering 4-9 Case Study: The Wind River Basin of Wyoming 4-10 Uplift and Chemical Weathering 4-11 Case Study: Weathering in the Amazon Basin 4-12 Weathering: Both a Climate Forcing and a Feedback? CHAPTER 5 Greenhouse Climate What Explains the Warmth 100 Myr Ago? 5-1 Model Simulations of the Cretaceous Greenhouse 5-2 What Explains the Data-Model Mismatch? 5-3 Relevance of Past Greenhouse Climate to the Future Sea Level Changes and Climate 5-4 Causes of Tectonic-Scale Changes in Sea Level 5-5 Effect of Changes in Sea Level on Climate Looking Deeper into Climate Science: Calculating Changes in Sea Level Asteroid Impact Large and Abrupt Greenhouse Episode near 50 Myr Ago CHAPTER 6 From Greenhouse to Icehouse: The Last 50 Million Years Global Climate Change Since 50 Myr Ago 6-1 Evidence from Ice and Vegetation 6-2 Evidence from Oxygen Isotope Measurements 6-3 Evidence from Mg/Ca Measurements Do Changes in Geography Explain the Cooling? 6-4 Gateway Hypothesis 6-5 Assessment of Gateway Changes Hypotheses Linked to Changes in CO2 6-6 Evaluation of the BLAG Spreading Rate Hypothesis 6-7 Evaluation of the Uplift Weathering Hypothesis Climate DebateTiming of the Uplift in Western North America Future Climate Change at Tectonic Scales Looking Deeper into Climate Science: Organic Carbon: Monterrey Hypothesis PART III Orbital-Scale Climate Change CHAPTER 7 Astronomical Control of Solar Radiation Earth’s Orbit Today 7-1 Earth’s Tilted Axis of Rotation and the Seasons 7-2 Earth’s Eccentric Orbit: Distance Between Earth and Sun Long-Term Changes in Earth’s Orbit 7-3 Changes in Earth’s Axial Tilt Through Time Tools of Climate Science: Cycles and Modulation 7-4 Changes in Earth’s Eccentric Orbit Through Time 7-5 Precession of the Solstices and Equinoxes Around Earth’s Orbit Looking Deeper into Climate Science: Earth’s Precession as a Sine Wave Changes in Insolation Received on Earth 7-6 Insolation Changes by Month and Season 7-7 Insolation Changes by Caloric Seasons Searching for Orbital-Scale Changes in Climatic Records 7-8 Time Series Analysis 7-9 Effects of Undersampling Climate Records 7-10 Tectonic-Scale Changes in Earth’s Orbit CHAPTER 8 Insolation Control of Monsoons Monsoon Circulations 8-1 Orbital-Scale Control of Summer Monsoons Orbital-Scale Changes in North African Summer Monsoons 8-2 “Stinky Muds” in the Mediteranean 8-3 Freshwater Diatoms in the Tropical Atlantic 8-4 Upwelling in the Equatorial Atlantic Orbital Monsoon Hypothesis: Regional Assessment 8-5 Cave Speleothems in China and Brazil 8-6 Phasing of Summer Monsoons Looking Deeper into Climate Science: Insolation-Driven Monsoon Responses: Chronometer for Tuning Monsoon Forcing Earlier in Earth’s History 8-7 Monsoons on Pangaea 200 Myr Ago 8-8 Joint Tectonic and Orbital Control of Monsoons CHAPTER 9 Insolation Control of Ice Sheets Milankovitch Theory: Orbital Control of Ice Sheets Modeling the Behavior of Ice Sheets 9-1 Insolation Control of Ice Sheet Size 9-2 Ice Sheets Lag Behind Summer Insolation Forcing 9-3 Delayed Bedrock Response Beneath Ice Sheets Looking Deeper into Climate Science: Ice Volume Response to Insolation 9-4 Full Cycle of Ice Growth and Decay 9-5 Ice Slipping and Calving Northern Hemisphere Ice Sheet History 9-6 Ice Sheet History: δ18O Evidence 9-7 Confirming Ice Volume Changes: Coral Reefs and Sea Level Is Milankovich’s Theory the Full Answer? Looking Deeper into Climate Science: Sea Level on Uplifting Islands CHAPTER 10 Orbital-Scale Changes in Carbon Dioxide and Methane Ice Cores 10-1 Drilling and Dating Ice Cores 10-2 Verifying Ice-Core Measurements of Ancient Air 10-3 Orbital-Scale Carbon Transfers: Carbon Isotopes Orbital-Scale Changes in CO2 10-4 Where Did the Missing Carbon Go? 10-5 δ13C Evidence of Carbon Transfer How Did the Carbon Get into the Deep Ocean? 10-6 Increased CO2 Solubility in Seawater 10-7 Biological Transfer from Surface Waters A Closer Look at Climate Science: Using δ13C to Measure Carbon Pumping 10-8 Changes in Deep-Water Circulation Orbital-Scale Changes in CH4 Orbital-Scale Climatic Roles: CO2and CH4 CHAPTER 11 Orbital-Scale Interactions, Feedbacks, and Unsolved Problems Climatic Responses Driven by the Ice Sheets Mystery of the 41,000-Year Glacial World 11-1 Did Insolation Really Vary Mainly at 41,000 Years? 11-2 Interhemispheric Cancellation of 23,000-Year Ice Volume Responses? 11-3 CO2 Feedback at 41,000 Years? Mystery of the ~100,000-Year Glacial World 11-4 How Is the Northern Ice Signal Transferred South? Why did the Northern Ice Sheets Vary at ~100,000 Years? Looking Deeper into Climate Science: Link Between Forcing and the Time Constants of Ice Response 11-5 Ice Interactions with Bedrock 11-6 Ice Interactions with the Local Environment 11-7 Ice Interactions with Greenhouse Gases PART IV Deglacial Climate Change CHAPTER 12 Last Glacial Maximum Glacial World: More Ice, Less Gas 12-1 Project CLIMAP: Reconstructing the Last Glacial Maximum 12-2 How Large Were the Ice Sheets? 12-3 Glacial Dirt and Winds Testing Model Simulations Against Biotic Data 12-4 COHMAP: Data-Model Comparisons 12-5 Pollen: Indicator of Climate on the Continents 12-6 Using Pollen for Data-Model Comparisons Data-Model Comparisons of Glacial Maximum Climates 12-7 Model Simulations of Glacial Maximum Climates 12-8 Climate Changes near the Northern Ice Sheets 12-9 Climate Changes far from the Northern Ice Sheets How Cold Were the Glacial Tropics? 12-10 Evidence for a Small Tropical Cooling 12-11 Evidence for a Large Tropical Cooling 12-12 Actual Cooling Was Medium-Small CHAPTER 13 Climate During and Since the Last Deglaciation Fire and Ice: Shift in the Balance of Power 13-1 When Did the Ice Sheets Melt? 13-2 Coral Reefs and Rising Sea Level 13-3 Glitches in the Deglaciation: Deglacial Two-Step To

Note: CONTENTS COMPOSITION OF THE OFFICE CONTENTS INTRODUCTION I. THE POLAR REGIONS: AN URGENT NEED FOR PROTECTION A. EXTREME BUT FRAGILE REGIONS 1. The Arctic Ocean 2. Antarctica B. FRANCE'S RESPONSIBILITY IN THE ANTARCTICA TREATY 1. The origins of the treaty and the Antarctic system 2. Mining a suspended issue 3. Tourism: a new peaceful threat? II. THE POLES: THEIR KEY ROLE IN UNDERSTANDING CLIMATE CHANGE A. UNDERSTANDING PAST CLIMATES TO UNDERSTAND THE FUTURE CLIMATE 1. Recent ice cores from Greenland 2. lce cores from Antarctica 3. Ocean core samples: the transpolar link 4. The future of glacial core sampling B. THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION 1. The general circulation system 2. The importance of the creation of cold, deep waters 3. The Antarctic Ocean, a carbon sink C. THE POLAR REGIONS AT THE HEART OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE 1. Will the Arctic ice shelf disappear in the summer? 2. Will Greenland melt completely? 3. Can a diagnosis be made concerning the assessment of Antarctica's mass? III. FRANCE'S FIRST-CLASS BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH A. AN EXCEPTIONAL HERITAGE 1. A unique geographic situation 2. 40 to 50 years of continuous observations B. ADAPTING TO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS 1. Adapting to climate change 2. Understanding the adaptation to extreme environments C. INNOVATIVE RESEARCH 1. The equipment of animals 2. Hormonal, molecular and genetic research 3. The implications for the organization of research IV. OBSERVING THE EARTH, OBSERVING THE UNIVERSE A. OBSERVATORIES FOR THE EARTH AND THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE 1. Seismology 2. Measuring gravity and terrestrial magnetism 3. Studying the stratosphere and monitoring the ozone layer '1. Observing the ionosphere B. ANTARCTIC ASTRONOMY: A NEW FIELD 1. Recognizing this fast-growing discipline 2. Concordia: the best site in the world/or astronomic observations? 3. Searching for meteorites in Antarctica 4. Measuring cosmic radiation V. PREPARING THE SPACE MISSIONS IN ANTARCTICA A. PREPARING AND VALIDATING THE SATELLITE MISSIONS 1. Space and the polar regions: preparation complementarity 2. Validating on the ground observations made from space B. PREPARING MANNED SPACE FLIGHTS AND MOON OR MARS-BASED STATIONS 1. Concordia - a unique research site 2. Studying behaviour in an extreme environment 3. Physiological studies C. TESTING EXPLORATION MATERIAL 1. American examples and projects 2. European perspectives VI. FRANCE'S PRESENCE IN THE POLAR REGIONS A. DEVELOPING FRANCE'S PRESENCE IN THE ARCTIC, STRENGTHENING ITS PRESENCE IN ANTARCTICA 1. Developing France's Arctic presence 2. Strengthening our presence in the southern regions B. IPEV (THE FRENCH PAUL-EMILE VICTOR INSTITUTE), AN AGENCY OF MEANS VII. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION: A NECESSITY AND A GOAL A. HOW TO ENCOURAGE A EUROPEAN PROCESS? 1. The European Union: a sufficient framework? 2. The practical and political limitations of cooperation 3. Towards an Italian-German-French engine? B. WHAT INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION FOR FRANCE ON THE EVE OF THE IPY? 1. Excellence, proximity and longevity: three key criteria for cooperation 2. Developing a network for the stations VIII. THE RAPPORTEUR'S CONCLUSIONS AND PROPOSALS 1. Strategic regions 2. Regions to protect 3. Essential regions for understanding climate change 4. Life in the polar regions: of great value to humanity 5. The polar regions: an observatory for the Earth 6. Strongly support the development of astronomy at Concordia 7. Take advantage of the polar regions' complementarity with the space missions 8. Strengthen France's presence in the polar regions 9. Reorganize France's presence in the polar regions 10. Better coordinate polar research 11. Solve the problem of insufficient funding for polar-research logistics 12. Define a French strategy for European and international cooperation APPENDICES SPEAKERS PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1 MARCH 2007 SEMINAR: "OPENING OF THE INTERNATIONAL POLAR YEAR IN FRANCE" PART ONE: LUNCH-DEBATE I. MR. HENRI REVOL, PRESIDENT OF THE OPECST II. MR. JEAN-LOUIS ETIENNE PART TWO: OFFICIAL OPENING SESSION I. INTRODUCTION A. MR. CHRISTIAN GAUDIN, SENATOR, RAPPORTEUR FOR THE OPECST B. MS. CATHERINE BRECHIGNAC, PRESIDENT OF THE CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (CNRS) C. MR. MICHEL JARRAUD, SECRETARY-GENERAL OF THE WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION D. MR. CHRISTIAN COINTAT, SENATOR, PRESIDENT OF THE ANTARCTIC AND ARTIC STUDY GROUP II. OFFICIAL OPENING OF THE INTERNATIONAL POLAR YEAR IN FRANCE BY MR. CHRISTIAN PONCELET, PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE III. THEMATIC DEBATE-THE POLES: INDICATORS AND EVIDENCE FOR MANKIND A. MS. NELLY OLIN, MINISTER OF ECOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT B. MS. VALERIE MASSON-DELMOTTE, CLIMATOLOGIST, CEA C. MR. YVON LE MAHO, BIOLOGIST, CNRS D. MS. JOELLE ROBERT-LAMBLIN, ANTHROPOLOGIST, CNRS E. DEBATE IV. CLOSING SPEECHES A. MR. FRAN〈;:OIS GOULARD, MINISTER FOR HIGHER EDUCATION AND RESEARCH B. HIS SERENE HIGHNESS PRINCE ALBERT II OF MONACO APPENDICES APPENDIX 1: DOCUMENTS PRESENTED BY MS. VALERIE MASSONDELMOTTE, CLIMATOLOGIST - CEA APPENDIX 2: DOCUMENTS PRESENTED BY MS. JOELLE ROBERTLAMBLIN, ANTHROPOLOGIST - CNRS APPENDIX 3: DOCUMENTS PRESENTED BY MR. YVON LE MAHO, BIOLOGIST- CNRS

Note: Contents Page Chapter 1 Introduction About This Book Geostatistics Measurement Systems A False Feeling of Security Selected Readings Chapter 2 Elementary Statistics Probability Statistics Joint Variation of Two Variables Induced Correlations Testing Normal Populations Central Limits Theorem Significance The f Test Degrees of Freedom Test of Correlation The F Test Analysis of Variance Two-Way Analysis of Variance The x2 Test The Lognormal Distribution and Other Transformations Other Transformations Nonparametric Methods Mann-Whitney Test Kruskal-Wallis Test Nonparametric Correlation Kolmogorov-Smirnov Tests Selected Readings Chapter 3 Matrix Algebra The Matrix Elementary Matrix Operations Matrix Multiplication Convolution Matrix Inversion and Simultaneous Equations Transposition Determinants Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors Selected Readings Chapter 4 Analysis of Sequences of Data Geologic Measurements in Sequences Interpolation Procedures Markov Chains Embedded Markov Chains Series of Events Runs Tests Least-Squares Methods and Regression Analysis Curvilinear Regression Orthogonal Polynomial Regression Reduced Major Axis Splines Segmenting Sequences Zonation Seriation Autocorrelation Cross-Correlation Cross-Correlation and Geologic Correlation Cross-Association Semivariograms Modelling the Semivariogram Spectral Analysis Harmonic Analysis The Continuous Spectrum Filters Smoothing and Time-Trend Analysis Derivatives Substitutability Analysis Selected Readings Chapter 5 Map Analysis Geologic Maps - Conventional and Otherwise Systematic Patterns of Search Distribution of Points Uniform Patterns Random Patterns Clustered Patterns Nearest-Neighbor Analysis Distribution of Lines Analysis of Directional Data Testing Hypotheses about Circular Directional Data Test for Randomness Testing for a Specified Trend Test of Goodness-of-Fit 326 Testing the Equality of Two Sets of Directional Vectors Spherical Distributions Matrix Representation of Vectors Displaying Spherical Data Testing Hypotheses about Spherical Directional Data A Test of Randomness Shape Fourier Measurements of Shape Computer Contouring Contouring by Triangulation Contouring by Gridding Moving Averages Moving Weighted Averages of Block Means Kriging Punctual Kriging Universal Kriging Calculating the Drift An Example Trend Surfaces Statistical Tests of Trends Two Trend-Surface Models Pitfalls Four-Dimensional Trend Surfaces Double Fourier Series Comparing Maps Overall Similarity Similarity Maps Comparing Map Coefficients Selected Readings Contents Chapter 6 Analysis of Multivariate Data Multiple Regression Discriminant Functions Tests of Significance Multivariate Extensions of Elementary Statistics Equality of Two Vector Means Equality of Variance-Covariance Matrices Cluster Analysis Introduction to Eigenvector Methods, Including Factor Analysis Eckart-Young Theorem Principal Components Analysis R-Mode Factor Analysis Factor Rotation Maximum Likelihood Factors O-Mode Factor Analysis Principal Coordinates Analysis Correspondence Analysis Application to Continuous Variables Simultaneous R- and O-Mode Factor Analysis Multigroup Discriminant Functions Canonical Correlation Selected Readings Appendix: How to Run the STAT Program Index

Note: Contents Preface Acknowledgements 1 Introduction Terms and abbreviations 2 The biogeographlcal setting Geology, physiography, and surface materials The structural framework Pleistocene geology Bioclimates Arctic and its three subzones Subarctic zone Boreal zone Eastern temperate zone Grassland zone Pacific and Cordilleran zones 3 Autecology and pollen representation Introduction Transcontinental, primarily boreal taxa Eastern, primarily temperate taxa Pacific-Cordilleran taxa Arctic taxa Modern regional pollen spectra The Western Interior The eastern plains transect The Pacific-Cordilleran transect General comments on the modern pollen spectra 4 Full-glacial refugla The southern refugia Pacific-Cordilleran refugia Interior plains and eastern region The Beringian refugia 5 Eastern Canada-fossil record and reconstruction Introduction The late glacial - 12,700 to 10,000 yr BP Southern Quebec and New Brunswick Maritime Canada The Great Lakes Basin Vegetation reconstruction The Holocene - 10,000 yr BP to the present Southern Quebec and New Brunswick The Maritimes, Labrador, and Northern Quebec The Great Lakes Vegetation reconstruction Boreal region 6 The Western Interior Sites near the forest-grassland transition Sites within the modern boreal forest Sites near the modern forest-tundra boundary 7 Pacific-Cordilleran region Southern Pacific zone Southern Cordilleran zone Northern Pacific zone Northern Cordilleran zone 8 Vegetation reconstruction and palaeoenvironments Introduction Origins and history Eastern temperate forests Boreal forest Grasslands and parklands Pacific-Cordilleran complex Tundra (arctic) Palaeoenvironmental controls Climate The Milankovitch model Full-glacial conditions Late-glacial and Holocene Fire Pathogens Paludification Problems for the future Climate disequilibrium Spatial resolution Pollen source area Concluding comments Appendix References Index

Note: Zugl.: Bochum, Univ., Diss., 1984 , Contents: I. Einleitung und Problemstellung ; II. Das Naturraumpotential ; 1. Das Klima als geoökologisches Merkmal ; 2. Der Boden als geoökologischer Ordnungsfaktor ; 3. Der Florenbestand als Ergebnis paläoklimatischer Vorgänge ; III. Die natürliche Vegetation als Ausdruck des ökologischen Potentials der Räume ; 4. Methoden der Vegetationserfassung- und ordnung ; 5. Die ökologische Interpretation der Pflanzengesellschaften ; IV. Ergebnisdarstellung ; 6. Die dreidimensionale bioklimatische Vegetationsanordnung auf Island ; 7. Erläuterungen zu den Karten des Naturraumpotentials, der realen und der potentiell natürlichen Vegetation ; V. Zusammenfassung

Note: Contents: Preface. - Acknowledgements. - Chapter 1 Climate. - 1.1 The components of climate. - 1.2 Climate modelling and climate prediction. - 1.3 Climate changes and human perception. - 1.4 Feedback mechanisms in climate. - 1.4.1 The ice-albedo feedback mechanism. - 1.4.2 The water vapour “greenhouse”. - 1.4.3 Cloud feedbacks. - 1.4.4 Combining feedback effects. - 1.5 Perturbations on the climate system. - 1.5.1 External causes of climatic change. - 1.5.2 Internal causes of climatic change. - 1.6 Range of questions for climate modelling. - Recommended reading. - Chapter 2 A history of and introduction to climate models. - 2.1 Introducing climate modelling. - 2.2 Types of climate models. - 2.2.1 Energy balance climate models. - 2.2.2 One-dimensional radiative-convective climate models. - 2.2.3 Two-dimensional climate models. - 2.2.4 General circulation climate models. - 2.3 History of climate modelling. - 2.4 Sensitivity of climate models. - 2.5 Parameterization of climatic processes. - 2.6 Simulation of the full, interacting climate system: one goal of modelling. - Chapter 3 Energy balance models. - 3.1 Balancing the planetary radiation budget. - 3.2 The structure of energy balance models. - 3.3 Parameterizing the climate system for energy balance models. - 3.4 A BASIC energy balance climate model. - 3.5 Experiments with energy balance models. - 3.5.1 Explicit modelling of the cryosphere. - 3.6 Box models — another form of energy balance model. - 3.6.1 A simple box model of the ocean-atmosphere. - 3.6.2 A coupled atmosphere, land and ocean energy balance box model. - 3.7 Energy balance models: deceptively simple models. - Recommended reading. - Chapter 4 Radiative-convective models. - 4.1 The concept of a radiative-convective climate model. - 4.2 The structure of global radiative-convective models. - 4.3 Radiation computation. - 4.3.1 Shortwave radiation. - 4.3.2 Longwave radiation. - 4.3.3 Eleat balance at the ground. - 4.4 Convective adjustment. - 4.5 Sensitivity experiments with radiative-convective models. - 4.6 Development of radiative-convective models. - 4.6.1 Cloud amount and height predicted from ‘convection’. - 4.6.2 A water vapour transport model. - 4.7 Radiation: the driver of climate. - Recommended reading. - Chapter 5 Two-dimensional models. - 5.1 Why two-dimensional models?. - 5.2 Two-dimensional statistical dynamical climate models. - 5.3 Convection, cloud cover and precipitation in two-dimensional statistical dynamical models. - 5.4 Radiation and surface characterization in two-dimensional statistical dynamical models. - 5.4.1 Radiation. - 5.4.2 Surface characterization. - 5.5 Intercomparison of a two-and a three-dimensional model. - 5.6 Other types of two-dimensional models. - 5.6.1 An upgraded energy balance model. - 5.6.2 A severely truncated spectral general circulation climate model. - 5.7 Why are some climate modellers Flatlanders?. - Recommended reading. - Chapter 6 General circulation climate models. - 6.1 The structure of general circulation climate models. - 6.2 Dynamics in general circulation climate models. - 6.2.1 Cartesian (or rectangular) grid general circulation climate models. - 6.2.2 Spectral general circulation climate models. - 6.3 Physics in general circulation climate models. - 6.3.1 Radiative transfer. - 6.3.2 Boundary layer. - 6.3.3 Surface parameterization. - 6.3.4 Convection. - 6.3.5 Large scale rainfall. - 6.4 Including ‘other’ elements in general circulation climate models. - 6.4.1 Cloud prediction. - 6.4.2 Modelling the cryosphere. - 6.5 Land surface parameterization in general circulation climate models. - 6.6 Coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation climate models. - 6.7 Future climate projects and their importance to general circulation climate models. - 6.8 Epilogue. - Recommended reading. - Appendices. - A. Glossary. - B. Climate models: examples of simple microcomputer software. - I. Daisyworld: a simple biospheric feedback climate model. - II. Modelling the climatic impact of anthropogenerated albedo change. - III. An energy balance climate model (EBM). - IV. Carbon dioxide feedback using a simple ocean model. - General Bibliography. - Index.

Note: INHALT Vorwort Karte Das langsame Erwachen I. Teil GAIAS REPERTOIRE 1. Gaia Die Atmosphäre einer Großtante. Wallace' erstaunlicher Luftozean. Lovelocks Ketzerei: Die Daten sind dürftig, aber sie lebt. Das Eis überschreitet eine Grenze - bis das Plankton den Thermostat verstellt. Die wichtige Albedo. Kohle machen - eine weitere Selbstjustierung von Gaia? 2. Der große Luftozean Die vier Atmosphärenschichten und das große Rätsel, warum Berggipfel, obwohl der Sonne näher, kalt sind. Das Fenster in der Mauer aus Gasen. Die irdischen Zusammenhänge - und wie die Luftverschmutzung sie verändert. Ein Mitsornmernachts-Albtraum in New York. Vom Mauna Loa aus der Erde beim Atmen zusehen. 3. Das gasförmige Treibhaus Anfangszweifel an der Macht des CO2. Ein ziemlich knappes Kohlenstoff-Budget. Dreißig Gase, die die Welt aufheizen. Methan: Sümpfe, Fürze und Rülpser. CFKs - Frankenstein'sche Schöpfungen menschlichen Erfindungsreichtums. Wohin mit all den Gigatonnen? Die Kohlenstoff-Lungen, -Speicher und -Nieren der Erde - und die Kohlenstoff-Gaia. Die Lehre einer Dose Limonade. Der irreführende Mississippi. 4. Die Weisen und die Zwiebelschale Kohlenstoff wirft die Frage nach des Menschen Stellung im Weltall auf. Fumifugium und die Vororte der Hölle. Fouriers frierende Erde. Svante Arrhenius rettet sich vor einer gescheiterten Ehe in Berechnungen und entdeckt den Klimawandel. Orthodoxe ignorieren den weitsichtigen Callendar. Milankovic' Gefängnis-Zyklen triumphieren. Flecken auf der Sonne? Die falsche mittelalterliche Warmzeit. 5. Zeitpassagen Stille Trinker bemächtigen sich der geologischen Formationen. Schlüssel zu Zeitpassagen. Lieber zwischen den Zeiten leben als am Ende aller Zeiten. Die Pianolarolle der Sedimente, auf Sauerstoffund Kohlenstoffisotopen gespielt. Eine Zeit wie die Gegenwart? Norweger entdecken die Fischbraterei des Paläozäns. Das Klima als Tempomat der Evolution: Jede Veränderung verändert das Leben an sich. 6. Im Kühlhaus geboren Vor dem Hintergrund des Klimawandels von der Wiege in Afrika zur Welteroberung. Geheimnisse in Holz und Eis. Die warmen Felsen Grönlands und der Riesenkern von Dome C. Zehn Jahrtausende eines Achterbahn-Klimas läuten die Modeme ein. Ein paar Sverdrups könnten uns hinwegspülen. 7. Der lange Sommer Das Anthropozän - unsere eigene geologische Epoche. Hält sie aber schon 200 oder 8000 Jahre an? Keine Feldbestellung vor dem Sommer. Ruddimans Gase entmachten Milankovic' Zyklus - oder doch nicht? Als es in Uruk eng wurde. Fagans Hungersnöte und Ruddimans Pest. Eine abgewürgte Eiszeit? 8. Die Toten ausgraben Big Bill Neidjies Weisheit. Kohle, Gas und Öl: Die Reiter der Kohlenstoff-Apokalypse. Vergrabener Sonnenschein und Kohlenstoffgehalt. Eine kurze Geschichte der Kohle. In Newcomens Ära ist Kohle der Universaltreibstoff. Ein Texaner läutet das Kohlenwasserstoff-Jahrhundert ein. Glitschiges Öl und glückliche Herrscherhäuser. Das Dilemma des Negativhaushalts, die wachsende Familie und die unersättliche Abhängigkeit. II. Teil EINE VON ZEHNTAUSEND 9. Die entzauberte Welt Magische Tore passieren. Der Methusalem unter den Korallen. 1976 drehte das Wetter durch - und trieb die Evolution voran. Und noch einmal 1998, diesmal mit El-Niño-Turbo. Wie wichtig wenig gelesene Zeitschriften sind. Scheckenschmetterlinge unter Druck setzen und die Natur in Richtung der Pole peitschen. Von Eichen und Frostspannern. Den Tanganjikasee entvölkern. Den globalen Fingerabdruck der Katastrophe identifizieren. Das verbrannte Nong-Tal. 10. Alarm an den Polen Antarktisches Gras kündet vom Tod der Kryosphäre. Das beständig schmelzende Eis. Pinguine folgen dem verschwindenden Krill, und Salpen übernehmen die Weltmeere. Das Sterben der Lemminge: Mord, nicht Selbstmord. Das Werk des Fichtenborkenkäfers. Wälder erobern die Tundra. Magere Eisbären bekommen keine Drillinge. Das vereiste Pressen der Rentiere. 11. 2050: Das Große Stummelriff? Nichts ist so schön wie ein Korallenriff. Fossile Fische bei Verona. Erstaunliche Vielfalt - in Abwässern erstickt. Die Dornenkrone der Schönheit. Das Los des jungfräulichen Myrmidon Reef. Warum bleichen sie aus? Die meisten sind halb tot, der Rest ist zum Sterben verdammt. Hoffnung auf Migration oder Adaption? Die Lektion des Gobiodon. 12. Eine Warnung von der Goldkröte Marty Crump, die Frau der Stunde. Meist im Untergrund und höchst gefährdet. Die letzte Krötenorgie. Die Parabel vom Quetzal und vom Fischtukan. Sterbende Eidechsen und eine zufällig dastehende Wetterstation. Zwölf Jahre später kennt man den Grund. Der Bauchbrütende Frosch ist verschwunden. Eine globale Entwicklung? 13. flüssiges Gold: Veränderte Niederschläge Die Tragödie im Sahel - auch ein moralisches Desaster. Der Westen Amerikas und der Süden Australiens: Neue Saharas? Der große Durst von Perth. Erlösen Entsalzungsanlagen Sydney? Der dürre Westen - ein Zyklus oder das neue Klima? 14. Eine energiegeladene Zwiebelschale Woher nehmen Stürme ihre Kraft? Von Hitze, Wasser und Hurrikan-Treibstoff. Vom Schwitzen zu Zyklonen: Eine Erklärung für die Wucht von Mitch. Dem Golf von Bengalen bleibt einiges erspart. Europas todbringender Sommer. Rekordhalter USA. Die Kontinente schrumpfen. 15. Mit dem Blanken Hans spielen Wir Küstenbewohner. Wärme: Leichter aus den Ozeanen herauszuholen als hineinzustecken. Der Panzer und der VW-Käfer. Der plötzliche Tod der schnellen Gletscher von Larsen B. Und was ist mit Grönland? Immer wieder die magische Sieben. Ein Schwergewicht kommt in Schwung. Zu 67 Metern verdammt? III. Teil WEISSAGEN ALS WISSENSCHAFT 16. Modellwelten Captain Fitzroy und die Wettervorhersage. Die Welt als rotierende Schüssel. Schon 1975 hatten sie Recht - fälschlicherweise. Pinatubo-Prognosen. Eine schwarze Kugel und der Aufstand der Skeptiker. Zehn globale Zirkulationsmodelle und wie Wolken das Problem vernebeln. Spuckende Ahnen. Können wir mehr Gewissheit haben - und können 90 000 PCs sich irren? Was ist mit mir? Fragen ist menschlich - oder man lässt es lieber. Regionalprognosen und Rückkopplung. Das Ende des englischen Gartens? 17. Extremer Gefahr ausgeliefert? Ein Nachlauf von 50 Jahren und die wahren Kosten von Heckflossen-Chevrolets. Der Ozean lebt in den siebziger Jahren - und auch die Industrie. Das Treibhausrad lässt sich nicht zurückdrehen. Die Schwelle zu extremer Gefahr: 400 oder 1200 Teile pro Million? Oder haben wir sie bereits überschritten? 18. Die Berge ebnen Adieu, Schnee des Kilimandscharo. Inseln im Himmel. Auf dem Gipfel geht es nicht mehr weiter. Ein schreckliches Maß an Gewissheit. Von Paradiesvögeln, Ringelschwanzbeutlern und Baumkängurus. Verlorenes Weltnaturerbe. Nur Anopheles freut sich. 19. Wohin geht die Reise? Von Florida nach Montreal-Bäume auf Wanderschaft. Eucalyptus - das Schicksal von 819 Arten. Abschied von Fynbos und Karru, den schönsten Blumengärten der Welt. In die Ecke gedrängt: Der Südwesten Australiens. Wer weiterziehen kann, hat es gut. Naturschutzgebiete werden zu Todesfallen. Megastudie prophezeit Massensterben - aber werden es eine von fünf oder sechs von zehn Arten sein? 20. Unendliche Tiefen Warum sterben sie, wenn wir sie erblicken? Eine Welt unerforschter Absonderlichkeiten. Von Zungenkiemern, Großmaulhaien und Laternenanglern. Saures Meer und schalenlose Kammmuscheln. Die letzte Auster? 21. Eine Hand voll Joker Die Bedeutung positiver Rückkopplungsschleifen. Das Konzert der drei Szenarien. Das Pentagon kümmert sich um den Golfstrom - und sieht in seinem Versiegen den Untergang der Zivilisation. Genügend viele Sverdrup. Die Geschichte von HadCM3LC und TRIFFID. Wenn Stomata sich schließen: Tod am Amazonas. Die Clathrate sind los! Die Zeitbombe vor Ihrem Strand. Die positive Rückkopplung der Klimaanlagen. 22. Zivilisation: Mit einem Wimmern vorbei? Der Kern der globalen Gesellschaft. Städte sind wie Regenwälder. Eine wie große Klimawelle kann eine Stadt hinwegfegen? Nahrungsmittelproduktion - so spezialisiert wie ein Säbelzahntiger. Schlechte Ernten in einer Welt voll CO2. »Anpassung« als Genozid und

Note: Contents: Introduction 1. The Emergence of Transatlantic Agricultural Tensions (1957 to 1971) 2. Turbulent Markets and Increasing Trade Conflicts (1972 to 1985) 3. The Adoption of Disciplines and the Domestic Reforms (1986 to 2001) 4. Growing Challenges to US and EU Farm Policies (2001 to 2014) 5. Food Policy Moves to Center Stage in Transatlantic Relations (1986 to 2013) 6. The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership and the Path to Convergence (2011 to 2014 and Beyond) 7. Lasting Conflict or Eventual Convergence? References Index

Note: Contents: PART I METHODOLOGY AND DATA ON LEVELISED COSTS FOR GENERATING TECHNOLOGIES ; Chapter 1 Introduction and context ; Chapter 2 Methodology, conventions and key assumptions ; Chapter 3 Technology overview ; Chapter 4 Country overview ; Chapter 5 History of Projected Costs of Generating Electricity, 1981-2015 ; PART II STATISTICAL AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS ; Chapter 6 Statistical analysis of key technologies ; Chapter 7 Sensitivity analysis ; PART III BOUNDARY ISSUES ; Chapter 8 Financing issues ; Chapter 9 Emerging generating technologies ; Chapter 10 The system cost and system value of electricity generation ; Chapter 11 Looking beyond baseload: The future of the Projected Costs of Generating Electricity series ; ANNEXES ; Annex 1 The EGC spreadsheet model for calculating LCOE ; Annex 2 List of abbreviations and acronyms

Note: Foreword; Acknowledgements; Table of contents; Reader's guide; Definition of OECD indicators of agricultural support; Nominal indicators used in this report; Ratio indicators and percentage indicators; Box 1. Definitions of categories in the PSE classification; Decomposition indicators; Definition of GSSE categories; Sources and definitions of contextual indicators; Table X.1. Contextual indicators; Box 2. Definitions of categories in the GSSE classification; Figure X.2. Main macroeconomic indicators; Figure X.3. Agro-food trade; OECD indicators of support; Currencies. , List of acronyms and abbreviationsExecutive summary; Recommendations; Chapter 1. Developments in agricultural policy and support; Key economic and market developments; Table 1.1. Key economic indicators; Figure 1.1. Commodity world price indices, 2007 to 2014; Main features of agricultural policies; Box 1.1. Agriculture and COP21; Box 1.2. Developments post the 2013 Bali WTO Ministerial; Developments in agricultural support; Countries' importance in global agriculture has changed since the mid-1990s - and so has their role in supporting agriculture. , Figure 1.2. Country shares in total agricultural GDP and in total TSE, 1995-97 and 2012-14Total monetary transfers to the agricultural sector were stable in some countries, but increased significantly in others; Figure 1.3. Evolution of Total Support Estimate, 1995-97 to 2012-14; However the relative cost of agricultural support for the economies has decreased significantly over time in most of the countries; Figure 1.4. Total Support Estimate by country, 1995-97 and 2012-14. , The total agricultural support is dominated by support to agricultural producers, while expenditures on key general services to the sector are relatively smallFigure 1.5. Composition of Total Support Estimate by country, 2012-14; Average support to agricultural producers in OECD countries and emerging economies is converging; Figure 1.6. Evolution of Producer Support Estimate, 1995 to 2014; However short- and long-term changes across individual countries remain very uneven; Figure 1.7. Producer Support Estimate by country, 2013 and 2014. , Box 1.3. What drove changes in the monetary value of producer support in 2014?Figure 1.8. Contribution of various factors to the change in the Producer Support Estimate in 2014; Box 1.3. What drove changes in the monetary value of producer support in 2014? (cont.); Figure 1.9. Evolution of producer support at different stages of economic development, 1986 to 2013; Figure 1.10. Producer Support Estimate by country, 1995-97 and 2012-14; Differences in policy approaches are also reflected in policy instruments; Figure 1.11. Composition of Producer Support Estimate by country, 2012-14. , Figure 1.12. Composition of payments based on area, animal numbers, receipts and income by country, 1995-97 and 2012-14.

Note: Thermodynamics and the Earth systemEnergy and entropy -- The first and second law of thermodynamics -- Thermodynamic limits -- Dynamics, structures, and maximization -- Radiation -- Motion -- Hydrologic cycling -- Geochemical cycling -- Land -- Human activity -- The thermodynamic Earth system..

Note: Part 1 Why Global Cooperation Research 1. The evolution of human cooperation—lessons learned for the future of global governance 2. The behavioral dimension of international cooperation 3. Cooperation in conflict. Ubiquity, limits and potential of working together at the international levelPart 2 Human behavior and cooperation across disciplines 4. The cooperative bias in humans’ biological history 5. Cooperation among humans 6. Can we think of the future? Cognitive barriers to future-oriented decision making 7. Approaching cooperation via complexity 8. The concrete utopia of the gift. A genuine sociological approach to interdisciplinary cooperation theory Part 3 Interdisciplinary approaches to global cooperation 9. The possibilities of global we-identities 10. Diplomatic Cooperation: An evolutionary perspective 11. Cognizing cooperation: clues and cues for institutional design

Note: Cover; Title; Copyright; Contents; The Main Themes in Three Simple Tables; Preface; Who Should Read the Book?; Acknowledgments; About the Author; Introduction; i. Efficiently Inefficient Markets; ii. Global Trading Strategies: Overview of the Book; iii. Investment Styles and Factor Investing; Part I Active Investment; Chapter 1 Understanding Hedge Funds and Other Smart Money; Chapter 2 Evaluating Trading Strategies: Performance Measures; Chapter 3 Finding and Backtesting Strategies: Profiting in Efficiently Inefficient Markets; Chapter 4 Portfolio Construction and Risk Management. , Chapter 5 Trading and Financing a Strategy: Market andPart II Equity Strategies; Chapter 6 Introduction to Equity Valuation and Investing; Chapter 7 Discretionary Equity Investing; Interview with Lee S. Ainslie III of Maverick Capital; Chapter 8 Dedicated Short Bias; Interview with James Chanos of Kynikos Associates; Chapter 9 Quantitative Equity Investing; Interview with Cliff Asness of AQR Capital Management; Part III Asset Allocation and Macro Strategies; Chapter 10 Introduction to Asset Allocation: The Returns to the Major Asset Classes; Chapter 11 Global Macro Investing. , Interview with George Soros of Soros Fund ManagementChapter 12 Managed Futures: Trend-Following Investing; Interview with David Harding of Winton Capital Management; Part IV Arbitrage Strategies; Chapter 13 Introduction to Arbitrage Pricing and Trading; Chapter 14 Fixed-Income Arbitrage; Interview with Nobel Laureate Myron Scholes; Chapter 15 Convertible Bond Arbitrage; Interview with Ken Griffin of Citadel; Chapter 16 Event-Driven Investments; Interview with John A. Paulson of Paulson & Co.; References; Index.

Note: Zugl.: Marburg, Univ., Diss.

Note: Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:c 2005

Note: Contents: Questions ; We'll Deal with That Lofty Stuff Some Other Day ; Speaking as a Layman ; You Never Get to See the Whole Picture ; Polluting the Message ; The jury of Our Peers ; The Power of the Mob ; Through a Glass Darkly ; Inside the Elephant ; The Two Brains ; Familiar Yet Unimaginable ; Uncertain Long-Term Costs ; Them, There, and Then ; Costing the Earth ; Certain About the Uncertainty ; Paddling in the Pool of Worry ; Don't Even Talk About It! ; The Non-Perfect Non-Storm ; Cockroach Tours ; Tell Me a Story ; Powerful Words ; Communicator Trust ; If They Don't Understand the Theory, Talk About It Over and Over and Over Again ; Protect, Ban, Save, and Stop ; Polarization ; Turn Off Your Lights or the Puppy Gets It ; Bright-siding ; Winning the Argument ; Two Billion Bystanders ; Postcard from Hopenhagen ; Precedents and Presidents ; Wellhead and Tailpipe ; The Black Gooey Stuff ; Moral Imperatives ; What Did You Do in the Great Climate War, Daddy? ; The Power of One ; Degrees of Separation ; Intimations of Mortality ; From the Head to the Heart ; Climate Conviction ; Why We Are Wired to Ignore Climate Change… And Why We Are Wired to Take Action ; In a Nutshell

Note: Classical theory of comparative advantageComparative advantage with two factors of production -- Comparative advantage and factor endowments : the Heckscher-Ohlin theorem -- Imperfect competition and economies of scale in trade -- The partial equilibrium analysis of international trade -- Trade restrictions : tariffs -- Non-tariff trade barriers -- Domestic support policies and trade -- Multilateral trade negotiations and U.S. trade policy -- Economic integration -- Foreign exchange markets and the exchange rate -- Agricultural trade and the exchange rate -- International capital movements and multinational corporations -- Agricultural trade and economic development -- Trade and the environment..

Note: Practices, governance and sustainability / Theodore SchatzkiLinking low carbon policy and social practice / Elizabeth Shove -- Beyond individual responsibility : social practice, capabilities and the right to environmentally sustainable ways of living / Gordon Walker -- Beyond behaviour change : practical applications of social practice theory in behaviour change programs / Yolande Strengers, Susie Moloney, Cecily Maller and Ralph Horne -- Interventions in practices : sustainable mobility policies in England / Nicola Spurling and Andrew McMeekin -- Governing and governed by practices : exploring interventions in low-carbon housing policy and practice / Rachel Macrorie, Chris Foulds and Tom Hargreaves -- Smart grids and the governing of energy use : reconfiguring practices? / Harriet Bulkeley, Gareth Powells, Sandra Bell and Steve Lyon -- The practices of material divestment : extending the life of domestic durable goods / Andrew Glover -- Resurrecting sustainable practices : using memories of the past to intervene in the future / Cecily Maller and Yolande Strengers -- Flow and intervention in everyday life : situating practices / Sarah Pink and Kerstin Leder-Mackley -- Method as intervention : intervening in practice through quantitative and mixed methodologies Alison Browne, Will Medd, Ben Anderson and Martin Pullinger -- Conclusion : transforming practice interventions / Cecily Maller and Yolande Strengers..

Note: 1. Abschied und Wiederkehr ; Erster Grad: Die Haut 2. Wachstumsstörungen ; 3. Der beschränkte Planet ; 4. Entdeckungsreise zum Klimawandel , 5. Klimapalaver ; 6. Der Faktor Mensch ; 7. Stühlerücken auf der »Titanic« ; 8. Warum eigentlich Klimaschutz? ; 9. Mohamed ohne Land ; 10. Einstein, Gödel, Drake ; Zweiter Grad: Das Fleisch ; 11. Gottes Element ; 12. Zwei Große Transformationen ; 13. Klima als Geschichtsmacht ; 14. Ultrakurzgeschichte der Um-Welt ; 15. Vom Wetter zum Klima ; 16. Ins Feuer? ; 17. Merkel auf dem Philosophenweg ; 18. Klimafolgen: Leib und Leben ; 19. Klimafolgen: Brot und Spiele ; 20. Zwei Grad Celsius ; 21. Kippelemente im Erdgetriebe ; Dritter Grad: Das Mark ; 22. Blendet die Seher! ; 23. Betäubt die Hörer! ; 24. Die Diktatur des Jetzt ; 25. Falsche Ausfahrt: Anpassung ; 26. Falscher Film: Klimamanipulation ; 27. Die Neuerfindung der Moderne ; 28. Klimaschutz als Weltbürgerbewegung ; 29. Flucht und Gewalt ; 30. Arm und Reich ; 31. Wissenschaft, Gewissenschaft ; 32. Geschenk an Michelangelo

Note: Why agent-based modelling is useful for economists -- Starting agent-based modelling -- Heterogeneous demand -- Social demand -- Benefits of barter -- The market -- Labour market -- International trade -- Banking -- The tragedy of the commons.

Note: Contents: Einleitung: Der Fluch des Reichtums ; 1 Die Futungo GmbH ; 2 »Es ist verboten, im Park zu pissen« ; 3 Brutstätten der Armut ; 4 Guanxi ; 5 Wenn Elefanten kämpfen, wird das Gras zertrampelt ; 6 Eine Brücke nach Beijing ; 7 Finanzen und Cyanid ; 8 Gott hat nichts damit zu tun ; 9 Schwarzes Gold ; 10 Die neuen Geldkönige ; Epilog: Komplizenschaft

Note: Contents: Introduction: Sustainability, Innovative Milieus And Territorial Development ; PART I SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION, GLOBAL ANCHORING OF TERRITORIAL PRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS, AND COMPETITIVENESS 1. The Territories of ‘Sustainable’ Innovation: From Local Milieus to ‘Responsible’ Communication: The Case of Photovoltaics and Sustainable Finance in Western Switzerland ; 2. Innovation in the Sustainable Renovation Sector in Île-De-France ; 3. Border-Crossing Sustainable Innovation Processes – German Knowledge-Intensive Business Services (KIBS) in Green Construction ; 4. Living PlanIT and the Development of the ‘PlanIT Urban Operating System tm’: The Geographies of an Innovation ; 5. The Sustainable Water Campus in Leeuwarden: Towards an Anchoring Milieu or a ‘Hollow Term’? ; PART II SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT ; 6. Bairro Alto Revisited: Sustainable Innovations, Reputation Building and Urban Development ; 7. Innovative Rurban Networks in Rome ; 8. Innovation in Sustainable Tourism Projects in Alpine Resorts ; PART III SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION, ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING AND REGIONAL PRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS ; 9. The Great Basque Transformation Towards Sustainable Innovations ; 10. Atlantic Nautical Network: An Inter-Regional Organizational System to Promote Innovation in Support of Sustainable Development ; 11. From Regional Production System to Regional Innovation System – Evolutional Changes of Suwa Industrial Region in Japan ; Conclusion: Relaunching GREMI: A Scientific Trajectory

Note: Land and Water Resources of Siberia, their Functioning and Ecological StateStatus Report about Understanding, Monitoring and Controlling Landscape Processes in Siberia -- Methods for Monitoring the Chemical Composition of Lake Baikal Water -- Microbiological Monitoring of Lake Baikal -- Developing the Regional Indicator Indexes of Zooplankton for Water Quality Class Determination of Water Bodies in Siberia -- Measuring and Estimating Fluxes of Carbon, Major and Trace Elements to the Arctic Ocean -- Measuring Snowmelt in Siberia: Causes, Process and Consequences -- Estimation of Biomass and Net Primary Production (NPP) in West Siberian Boreal Ecosystems: In-Situ and Remote Sensing Methods -- GIS and Remote Sensing Data Based Methods for Monitoring Water and Soil Objects in the Steppe Biome of Western Siberia -- Significant Siberian Vegetation Change is Inevitably Brought on by the Changing Climate..

Note: Contents: PART I INTRODUCTION ; 1. Political Ecology: Handbook Topics and Themes ; 2. Reflecting on Political Ecology ; PART II ISSUES AND APPROACHES ; 3. Doing Political Ecology Inside and Outside the Academy ; 4. Encountering Political Ecology: Epistemology and Emancipation ; 5. Connecting Political Ecology and French Geography: On Tropicality and Radical Thought ; 6. Roots, Rhizomes, Networks and Territories: Reimagining Pattern and Power in Political Ecologies ; 7. A Time for Gramsci ; 8. Integrating Science and Politics in Political Ecology ; 9. Postcoloniality and the North-South Binary Revisited: The Case of India’s Climate Politics ; 10. Depoliticized Environments and the Promises of the Anthropocene ; PART III GOVERNANCE AND POWER ; 11. Mining in Latin America: Coloniality and Degradation ; 12. Political Forests ; 13. Resources, Wars and Violence ; 14. Benefit Sharing in Environmental Governance: Beyond Hydropower in the Mekong River Basin ; 15. Gender, Group Behaviour and Community Forestry in South Asia ; 16. Political Ecologies of Religious Pilgrimage ; 17. Governing People in De-Populated Areas ; 18. Political Participation and Environmental Movements in China ; 19. Understanding Fukushima: Nuclear Impacts, Risk Perceptions and Organic Farming in Feminist Political Ecology Perspective ; 20. Mind the Gap: Global Truths, Local Complexities in Emergent Green Initiatives ; PART IV KNOWLEDGE AND DISCOURSE ; 21. Disaster, Degradation, Dystopia ; 22. Contesting Hunger Discourses ; 23. Green Governmentality ; 24. Whose Good Living? Post Neo-Liberalism, The Green State and Subverted Alternatives to Development in Ecuador ; 25. Assessing South Korea’s Green Growth Strategy ; 26. Naturetm Inc.: Nature as Neoliberal Capitalist Imaginary ; 27. The Cultural Politics of Waterscapes ; 28. Greening The Job: Trade Unions, Climate Change and the Political Ecology of Labour ; 29. Eco-Cities and the Promise of Socio-Environmental Justice ; PART V METHOD AND SCALE ; 30. Useful Outsiders: Building Environmental Policy Reform Dossiers ; 31. Neoliberalism, Scientism and Earth Systems Governance ; 32. From 'Participation' to 'Negotiation': Suppressing Dissent in Environmental Conflict Resolution in Brazil ; 33. The Political Ecology of Colonias on the US-Mexico Border: Ethnography for Hidden and Hard-to-reach Communities ; 34. Political Ecology of Scale ; 35. The Political Ecology of Weeds: A Scalar Approach to Landscape Transformations ; 36. Bordering and Scalar Thickening in Nature Conservation ; 37. The Best of Many Worlds: Methodological Pluralism in Political Ecology ; 38. Integrating Politics and Ecology through Mixed Methods ; PART VI CONNECTIONS AND TRANSFORMATIONS ; 39. Globalising French Écologie Politique: A Political Necessity ; 40. Jahát Jatítotòdom: Toward an Indigenous Political Ecology ; 41. From Ecological Modernization to Socially Sustainable Economic Degrowth: Lessons from Ecological Economics ; 42. Urban Political Ecology ‘Beyond the West’: Engaging with South Asian Urban Studies ; 43. Towards a Lusophone Political Ecology: Assessing ‘Para Inglês Ver’ Environments ; 44. Political Ecology in and of China ; 45. Emotional Political Ecology ; 46. Thermodynamics Revisited: The Political Ecology of Energy Systems in Historical Perspective ; 47. Political Ecology of the Body: A Visceral Approach ; Index

Note: Debunking revisionist understandings of environmental cooperative federalism : collective action responses to air pollution / Robert L. Glicksman and Jessica A. Wentz -- Dynamic federalism and the Clean Water Act : completing the task / William L. Andreen -- CERCLA, federalism, and common law claims / Alexandra B. Klass and Emma Fazio -- Fragmented forest federalism / Blake Hudson -- Coordinating the overlapping regulation of biodiversity and ecosystem management / Kalyani Robbins -- Evolving energy federalism : current allocations of authority and the need for inclusive governance / Hanna J. Wiseman -- Climate federalism, regulatory failure and reversal risks, and entrenching innovation incentives / William W. Buzbee -- The enigma of state climate change policy innovations / Kirsten H. Engel -- Cooperative federalism and adaptation / Alice Kaswan -- Reverse preemption in federal water law / Ann E. Carlson -- The cost of federalism : ecology, community, and the pragmatism of land use / Keith H. Hirokawa and Jonathan Rosenbloom -- The Australian experience with environmental federalism : constitutional and political perspectives / Robert Fowler -- German environmental federalism in the multilevel system of the European Union / Nathalie Behnke and Annegret Eppler -- The paradox of environmental federalism in India / Sairam Bhat -- Environmental federalism's tug of war within / Erin Ryan.