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  • 1
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    Processed CO2/O2 Float data from 4 deployments near Cape Verde Island (11/2010 - 06/2011) (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Fiedler, Björn; Fietzek, Peer; Vieira, Nuno; Silva, Pericles; Bittig, Henry; Körtzinger, Arne (2013): In Situ CO2 and O2 Measurements on a Profiling Float. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 30(1), 112-126, https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00043.1
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-01
    Description: In recent years, profiling floats, which form the basis of the successful international Argo observatory, are also being considered as platforms for marine biogeochemical research. This study showcases the utility of floats as a novel tool for combined gas measurements of CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) and O2. These float prototypes were equipped with a small-sized and submersible pCO2 sensor and an optode O2 sensor for highresolution measurements in the surface ocean layer. Four consecutive deployments were carried out during November 2010 and June 2011 near the Cape Verde Ocean Observatory (CVOO) in the eastern tropical North Atlantic. The profiling float performed upcasts every 31 h while measuring pCO2, O2, salinity, temperature, and hydrostatic pressure in the upper 200 m of the water column. To maintain accuracy, regular pCO2 sensor zeroings at depth and surface, as well as optode measurements in air, were performed for each profile. Through the application of data processing procedures (e.g., time-lag correction), accuracies of floatborne pCO2 measurements were greatly improved (10-15 µatm for the water column and 5 µatm for surface measurements). O2 measurements yielded an accuracy of 2 µmol/kg. First results of this pilot study show the possibility of using profiling floats as a platform for detailed and unattended observations of the marine carbon and oxygen cycle dynamics.
    Keywords: Carbon dioxide, partial pressure; CVOO Floater; DATE/TIME; deployment_d4; deployment_d5; deployment_d6; deployment_d7; DEPTH, water; Event label; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Nemo float; NFLOAT; off Cape Verde Islands; Oxygen; Pressure, water; Profile; Salinity; SOPRAN; Surface Ocean Processes in the Anthropocene; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 509900 data points
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  • 2
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    Ship-based biogeochemical bottle data from the CVOO time series (2006-2019) in the Eastern Tropical North Atlantic (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-27
    Description: This dataset compiles all available ship-based biogeochemical measurements at the Cape Verde Ocean Observatory (CVOO) into one merged dataset. The irregular measurements at CVOO started in 2006 and are still ongoing aiming at increasing data coverage in a key region for air-sea interaction. The station has a bottom depth of 3600 m and lies in the center of the Cape Verde Fontal Zone, resulting in large variations of the present oligotrophic water masses as well as an oxygen-poor layer between 400 m to 500 m. The dataset includes oxygen, nutrients, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, and particulate organic matter measurements, and ancillary ctd-data are also included. The research vessels used and the exact measurement methods as well as the laboratories varied on a cruise-to-cruise basis, accordingly the data has undergone additional quality-control checks. The checks included flier detection (WOCE-flagging) and crossover-analysis that resulted in bias corrections.
    Keywords: 06MT20060714; 1001; 109434; 109626; 16; 2001; 23-10; AIMAC; Alkalinity, total; Ammonium; ANT-XXX/1.2; AT08_4-CTD51; ATA08_03; ATA08_04; ATA3_40-1; Bio-CTD 3; Bottle number; Cape Verde; CARBOCHANGE; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, total; CARBOOCEAN; CARO; Cast number; Changes in the carbon uptake and emissions by oceans in a changing climate; Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; Cruise/expedition; CTD; CTD_1; CTD_104; CTD_105/106/107; CTD_2; CTD_3; CTD_4; CTD_5; CTD_6; CTD/Rosette; CTD001; CTD 001; CTD002; CTD 002; CTD003; CTD 003; CTD1; CTD 115; CTD128; CTD129; CTD14; CTD15; CTD16; CTD2; CTD3; CTD4; CTD61; CTD 81; CTD 82; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; Eastern Tropical North Atlantic; EuroSea; Event label; iAtlantic; IFM-GEOMAR/3; IFM-GEOMAR/4; Improving and Integrating European Ocean Observing and Forecasting Systems for Sustainable use of the Oceans; Integrated Assessment of Atlantic Marine Ecosystems in Space and Time; ISL_00112_1; ISL_00112_1-1; ISL_00112_1-2; ISL_00113; ISL_00113_1-1; ISL_00311_1; ISL_00311_1-1; ISL_00414; ISL_00414_1-1; ISL_00414_2-1; ISL_00511_1; ISL_00511_1-1; ISL_00511_1-2; ISL_00512; ISL_00512_1-1; ISL_00514; ISL_00514_1-1; ISL_00514_2_1; ISL_00514_3_1; ISL_00611_1; ISL_00611_1-1; ISL_00611_1-2; ISL_00612; ISL_00612_1-1; ISL_00713; ISL_00713_1-1; ISL_00713_2-1; ISL_01212_1; ISL_01212_2-1; ISL_01412_1; ISL_01412_1-1; ISL_01412_1-2; ISL_01512; ISL_01512_1-1; Islandia; L Atalante; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M105; M105_191-2; M106; M106_322-2; M106_322-3; M106_322-5; M116/1; M116/1_554-1; M116/1_555-1; M119; M119_684-1; M119_686-1; M119_692-1; M130; M130_933-1; M130_935-1; M130_939-1; M130_941-1; M130_944-1; M130_945-1; M130_947-1; M145; M145_2-1; M145_3-1; M145_4-1; M160; M160_119-1; M160_121-1; M68/2; M68/2_255; M68/3; M68/3_261-2; M68/3_261-3; M68/3_261-4; M80/1; M80/1-CTD1; M80/1-CTD2; M83/1; M83/1_772; M83/1_776; M97; M97_1089-1; M97_1094-1; Maria S. Merian; Marine carbon sources and sinks assessment; Meteor (1986); MSM08/1; MSM08/1_CTD-RO1; MSM10/1; MSM10/1-CTD229; MSM18/2; MSM18/2_615-4; MSM18/2_615-6; MSM18/3; MSM18/3_721-1; MSM22; MSM22_673-10; MSM22_673-2b; MSM22_673-5; MSM22_673-8; MSM22_751-3; MSM22_751-6; MSM23; MSM23_760-2; MSM49; MSM49_583-1; MSM49_583-12; MSM61; MSM61_471-2; MSM68/2; MSM68/2_3-1; Nitrate; Nitrite; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; OSTRE_IV; Oxygen; Phosphate; Phosphorus, organic, particulate; Polarstern; POS348; POS348_227-1; POS348_227-2; POS399/2; POS399/2_307-3; POS399/2_307-6; POS399/2_307-7; POS520; POS520_65-1; POS520_65-2; POS532; POS532_28-2; POS532_28-4; POS532_28-5; POS532_28-6; POS533_28-3; POS533_28-4; POS533/1; Poseidon; Pressure, water; PS88/004-1; PS88.2; Quality flag; Quality flag, alkalinity, total; Quality flag, ammonium; Quality flag, carbon, organic, particulate; Quality flag, nitrate; Quality flag, nitrite; Quality flag, nitrogen, organic, particulate; Quality flag, oxygen; Quality flag, phosphate; Quality flag, salinity; Quality flag, silicic acid; REEBUS; Reference of data; Role of Eddies for the Carbon Pump in Coastal upwelling Areas; Salinity; SALINO; Salinometer; Sample code/label; SFB754; ship-based; Silicate; SOPRAN; South Atlantic Ocean; Station label; Surface Ocean Processes in the Anthropocene; T-CTD 2; Temperature, water; Time-Series Data; Titration, Winkler
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 34378 data points
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  • 3
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    Upwelling and isolation in oxygen-depleted anticyclonic modewater eddies and implications for nitrate cycling (2017)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-27
    Description: The temporal evolution of the physical and biogeochemical structure of an oxygen-depleted anticyclonic modewater eddy is investigated over a 2-month period using high-resolution glider and ship data. A weakly stratified eddy core (squared buoyancy frequency N2  ∼  0.1  ×  10−4 s−2) at shallow depth is identified with a horizontal extent of about 70 km and bounded by maxima in N2. The upper N2 maximum (3–5  ×  10−4 s−2) coincides with the mixed layer base and the lower N2 maximum (0.4  ×  10−4 s−2) is found at about 200 m depth in the eddy centre. The eddy core shows a constant slope in temperature/salinity (T∕S) characteristic over the 2 months, but an erosion of the core progressively narrows down the T∕S range. The eddy minimal oxygen concentrations decreased by about 5 µmol kg−1 in 2 months, confirming earlier estimates of oxygen consumption rates in these eddies. Separating the mesoscale and perturbation flow components reveals oscillating velocity finestructure ( ∼  0.1 m s−1) underneath the eddy and at its flanks. The velocity finestructure is organized in layers that align with layers in properties (salinity, temperature) but mostly cross through surfaces of constant density. The largest magnitude in velocity finestructure is seen between the surface and 140 m just outside the maximum mesoscale flow but also in a layer underneath the eddy centre, between 250 and 450 m. For both regions a cyclonic rotation of the velocity finestructure with depth suggests the vertical propagation of near-inertial wave (NIW) energy. Modification of the planetary vorticity by anticyclonic (eddy core) and cyclonic (eddy periphery) relative vorticity is most likely impacting the NIW energy propagation. Below the low oxygen core salt-finger type double diffusive layers are found that align with the velocity finestructure. Apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) versus dissolved inorganic nitrate (NO3−) ratios are about twice as high (16) in the eddy core compared to surrounding waters (8.1). A large NO3− deficit of 4 to 6 µmol kg−1 is determined, rendering denitrification an unlikely explanation. Here it is hypothesized that the differences in local recycling of nitrogen and oxygen, as a result of the eddy dynamics, cause the shift in the AOU : NO3− ratio. High NO3− and low oxygen waters are eroded by mixing from the eddy core and entrain into the mixed layer. The nitrogen is reintroduced into the core by gravitational settling of particulate matter out of the euphotic zone. The low oxygen water equilibrates in the mixed layer by air–sea gas exchange and does not participate in the gravitational sinking. Finally we propose a mesoscale–submesoscale interaction concept where wind energy, mediated via NIWs, drives nutrient supply to the euphotic zone and drives extraordinary blooms in anticyclonic mode-water eddies.
    Print ISSN: 1726-4170
    Electronic ISSN: 1726-4189
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 4
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    In Situ CO2and O2Measurements on a Profiling Float (2013)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0739-0572
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-0426
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Meteorological Society
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  • 5
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    Upwelling and isolation in oxygen-depleted anticyclonic modewater eddies and implications for nitrate cycling (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-11
    Description: The physical (temperature, salinity, velocity) and biogeochemical (oxygen, nitrate) structure of an oxygen depleted coherent, baroclinic, anticyclonic mode-water eddy (ACME) is investigated using high-resolution autonomous glider and ship data. A distinct core with a diameter of about 70 km is found in the eddy, extending from about 60 to 200 m depth and. The core is occupied by fresh and cold water with low oxygen and high nitrate concentrations, and bordered by local maxima in buoyancy frequency. Velocity and property gradient sections show vertical layering at the flanks and underneath the eddy characteristic for vertical propagation (to several hundred-meters depth) of near inertial internal waves (NIW) and confirmed by direct current measurements. A narrow region exists at the outer edge of the eddy where NIW can propagate downward. NIW phase speed and mean flow are of similar magnitude and critical layer formation is expected to occur. An asymmetry in the NIW pattern is seen that possible relates to the large-scale Ekman transport interacting with ACME dynamics. NIW/mean flow induced mixing occurs close to the euphotic zone/mixed layer and upward nutrient flux is expected and supported by the observations. Combing high resolution nitrate (NO3−) data with the apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) reveals AOU:NO3− ratios of 16 which are much higher than in the surrounding waters (8.1). A maximum NO3− deficit of 4 to 6 µmol kg−1 is estimated for the low oxygen core. Denitrification would be a possible explanation. This study provides evidence that the recycling of NO3−, extracted from the eddy core and replenished into the core via the particle export, may quantitatively be more important. In this case, the particulate phase is of keys importance in decoupling the nitrogen from the oxygen cycling.
    Print ISSN: 1810-6277
    Electronic ISSN: 1810-6285
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 6
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    Transforming Cape Vert Informal Settlements (2018)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-23
    Description: The lack of land ownership databases in developing countries has influenced inhabitants of these countries to occupy public lands. This situation has resulted in areas of informal housing, commerce, and agriculture, ultimately creating new informal settlements, which are becoming a serious problem in developing countries. These informal settlements contain inhabitants settled on public land without any infrastructure and against the landowner’s wishes. This process results in uncontrolled land occupation that promotes new informal areas without any proper urban utilities, positioned in risky areas, where the minimum requirements for healthy living are not being met. In some cases, this incentivizes an informal economy. Building a cadastral map in informal settlement areas is fundamental to supporting the future transformation of illegal areas, and in regulating the occupation of new subdivisions and new expansion areas. In this paper, we present a methodology developed to support the management of informal settlement areas. The method we used has the potential for replication so that it can be adapted to multiple types of informal settlements, as can the model used to register the land tenure. The model was developed using a series of qualitative and quantitative data that determine the identification and classification of buildings, along with a physical and functional description. A Geographic Information System, an initial survey of existing land titles of possession, and public proposals to develop new expansion areas were used to develop the model. A case study is presented where the land management model was implemented in Chã da Caldeiras in Ilha do Fogo, which is an informal settlement in Cape Verde. The proposal created using the results was accepted by the population and local authorities.
    Electronic ISSN: 2071-1050
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 7
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    Performance and Durability of Rendering and Basecoat Mortars for ETICS with CSA and Portland Cement (2021)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-17
    Description: The production of Portland cement (OP) is commonly associated to significant level of energy consumption and gas emissions. The use of calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA) can be a sustainable alternative binder, since its production releases about half of the CO2 emissions and its clinker requires 200 °C lower temperatures, when compared to OP. Furthermore, CSA has fast setting time and achieves higher strength in shorter periods, as well as reduced shrinkage. This paper discusses the incorporation of CSA in rendering mortars and basecoat mortars for ETICS (External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems). The physical-mechanical properties of mortars made with OP and CSA cements were experimental evaluated. The results showed that the introduction of CSA generally improves shrinkage, compressive strength, water absorption at low pressure, enhances the tensile bending strength and decreases the setting time. The amount of CSA introduced into the mixture significantly affected the properties of the cement matrix.
    Electronic ISSN: 2412-3811
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 8
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    Upwelling and isolation in oxygen-depleted anticyclonic modewater eddies and implications for nitrate cycling (2017)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    In:  Biogeosciences (BG), 14 (8). pp. 2167-2181.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: The temporal evolution of the physical and biogeochemical structure of an oxygen-depleted anticyclonic modewater eddy is investigated over a 2-month period using high-resolution glider and ship data. A weakly stratified eddy core (squared buoyancy frequency N2  ∼  0.1  ×  10−4 s−2) at shallow depth is identified with a horizontal extent of about 70 km and bounded by maxima in N2. The upper N2 maximum (3–5  ×  10−4 s−2) coincides with the mixed layer base and the lower N2 maximum (0.4  ×  10−4 s−2) is found at about 200 m depth in the eddy centre. The eddy core shows a constant slope in temperature/salinity (T∕S) characteristic over the 2 months, but an erosion of the core progressively narrows down the T∕S range. The eddy minimal oxygen concentrations decreased by about 5 µmol kg−1 in 2 months, confirming earlier estimates of oxygen consumption rates in these eddies. Separating the mesoscale and perturbation flow components reveals oscillating velocity finestructure ( ∼  0.1 m s−1) underneath the eddy and at its flanks. The velocity finestructure is organized in layers that align with layers in properties (salinity, temperature) but mostly cross through surfaces of constant density. The largest magnitude in velocity finestructure is seen between the surface and 140 m just outside the maximum mesoscale flow but also in a layer underneath the eddy centre, between 250 and 450 m. For both regions a cyclonic rotation of the velocity finestructure with depth suggests the vertical propagation of near-inertial wave (NIW) energy. Modification of the planetary vorticity by anticyclonic (eddy core) and cyclonic (eddy periphery) relative vorticity is most likely impacting the NIW energy propagation. Below the low oxygen core salt-finger type double diffusive layers are found that align with the velocity finestructure. Apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) versus dissolved inorganic nitrate (NO3−) ratios are about twice as high (16) in the eddy core compared to surrounding waters (8.1). A large NO3− deficit of 4 to 6 µmol kg−1 is determined, rendering denitrification an unlikely explanation. Here it is hypothesized that the differences in local recycling of nitrogen and oxygen, as a result of the eddy dynamics, cause the shift in the AOU : NO3− ratio. High NO3− and low oxygen waters are eroded by mixing from the eddy core and entrain into the mixed layer. The nitrogen is reintroduced into the core by gravitational settling of particulate matter out of the euphotic zone. The low oxygen water equilibrates in the mixed layer by air–sea gas exchange and does not participate in the gravitational sinking. Finally we propose a mesoscale–submesoscale interaction concept where wind energy, mediated via NIWs, drives nutrient supply to the euphotic zone and drives extraordinary blooms in anticyclonic mode-water eddies.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    In situ CO2 and O2 measurements on a profiling float (2013)
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 30 . pp. 112-126.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-04
    Description: In recent years, profiling floats, which form the basis of the successful international Argo observatory, are also being considered as platforms for marine biogeochemical research. This study showcases the utility of floats as a novel tool for combined gas measurements of CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) and O2. These float prototypes were equipped with a small-sized and submersible pCO2 sensor and an optode O2 sensor for high resolution measurements in the surface ocean layer. Four consecutive deployments were carried out during Nov. 2010 and June 2011 near the Cape Verde Ocean Observatory (CVOO) in the eastern tropical North Atlantic. The profiling float performed upcasts every 31 h while measuring pCO2, O2, salinity, temperature and hydrostatic pressure in the upper 200 m of the water column. In order to maintain accuracy, regular pCO2 sensor zeroings at depth and surface, as well as optode measurements in air, were performed for each profile. Through the application of data processing procedures (e.g., time-lag correction) accuracies of float-borne pCO2 measurements were greatly improved (10 – 15 μatm for water column and 5 μatm for surface measurements). O2 measurements yielded an accuracy of 2 μmol kg−1. First results of this pilot study show the possibility of using profiling floats as a platform for detailed and unattended observations of the marine carbon and oxygen cycle dynamics.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Intra-annual variability of biological, chemical and physical parameters at the Senghor seamount Cruise No. MSM61 18.02.2017 – 27.02.2017, Mindelo (Cabo Verde) – Las Palmas (Spain) (2020)
    Gutachterpanel Forschungsschiffe
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-19
    Description: The main goal of cruise MSM61 was to install an autonomous multidisciplinary observatory at the summit of Senghor Seamount off the Cape Verdean archipelago. A suite of different mobile and moored instrument platforms equipped with physical, biological and biogeochemical instruments was deployed during the cruise in order to investigate spatio-temporal variability of physical and biogeochemical conditions and how these affect the local ecosystem at this openocean seamount. The research program further included hydrographic work, biological and biogeochemical sampling as well as video transects in the meso- and bathypelagic zones both at Senghor Seamount and at the Cape Verde Ocean Observatory (CVOO).
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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