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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic diversity in European perennial ryegrass cultivars investigated with RAPD markers (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 124 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is the most important grass species for temperate grassland agriculture. The genetic relationship and distance among cultivars is largely unknown but of great interest for breeding programmes. The objectives of this study were to (i) investigate the molecular variation and structure of population cultivars, (ii) describe the relationship among cultivars in terms of the modified Rogers’ distance, and (iii) determine the minimum sample size required for characterization of cultivars of L. perenne using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 22 ryegrass cultivars, mainly of European origin, were investigated with RAPD markers. The minimum sample size required for the characterization of cultivars was about 20 individuals per population. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a much larger genetic variation within cultivars (66%) than between them (34%).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01032.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regeneration of Fertile Plants from Cell-suspension-derived Small-cell Colonies of Lolium perenne (L.) (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 113 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A defined method for the rapid establishment of cell suspensions releasing small-cell colonies and their regeneration to fertile plants is described. Cell suspensions were obtained from 10 mature, lengthwise-divided embryos. Five of the 10 suspensions regenerated green plants. Filtration of suspensions through a 150 μm mesh followed by regeneration was carried out 28 days after initiation of the suspensions, to demonstrate a rapid release of regenerable small cell colonies from cell suspensions using the protocol described. Two of the 10 filtered suspensions regenerated green plants from small cell colonies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1994.tb00744.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular genetic diversity within and among German ecotypes in comparison to European perennial ryegrass cultivars (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 124 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is the most important grass species for temperate grassland agriculture. The level and distribution of genetic variation in gene bank ecotype collections is still largely unknown but of great interest for the planning of breeding programmes. The objectives of this study were to (i) assess the molecular variance and population structure of German ecotypes at the regional and population level, (ii) assign ecotypes to germplasm pools and (iii) compare the relationship between German ecotypes and previously-investigated European cultivars of perennial ryegrass, A total of 22 ecotypes originating from three geographic areas in Germany. each with a sample size of 20 individual plants, were investigated with 156 polymorphic RAPD markers. Genetic distance among ecotypes ranged from 0,27 to 0.48, An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a much larger variation within populations (71%) than among them (29%). Ecotypes from North Germany were significantly different from those of South and Middle Germany. Thus, two distinct germplasm pools could be identified. The 22 ecotypes and 22 previously investigated cultivars shared 98% of the molecular variance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2005.01108.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of Progeny-Testing Methods in Lolium perenne L. (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 103 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: From 22 genotypes, selfed (S1) and testcross progenies were investigated. The latter were generated by i) polycross (PX) and ii) 2 topcrosscs (TC) using cms-inbred lines as a tester. Progenies were tested for annual dry matter yield in 3 successive years, the 3-year average was 76.7 dt/ha for S, and 76.9, 80.1 and 74.5 for PX, TC 1 and TC 2, respectively. Genetic variance was highest for S1 (20.42), while the average of the 3 tcstcrosses was 12.22. However, the genotype-year interaction variance of S, Was 52.21, being 2–3 times greater than for the 2 topcrosscs. PX progenies were the most stable across years. Predicted response to selection was highest for S1 (10.4 %). Genetic correlation (rg) between S1 and the testcrosses was highest with TC 2 (rg= 0.593144).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00368.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of Progeny-Testing Methods in Lolium perenne L. (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 103 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: From 28 genotypes, half-sib families were generated by polycross (PX) and 2 topcrosses (TC). TC-testers were partially inbred cms-lines. Progenies were tested for annual dry matter yield in 3 successive years. The three year average was 80.7, 76.6 and 74.0 dt/ha for TC 1, PX and TC 2, respectively. TC 1 had the highest yielding families and the largest mean in all years. TC 2 revealed the largest range among its families. Genetic variance was highest for TC 2 with 14.02, followed by TC 1 and PX with 12.05 and 10.92. However, genotype × year interaction variance was about 2 and 4 times greater for TC 1 and TC 2 as compared to PX. Genetic correlation between testcross progenies was tightest for PX vs. TC 1 (rg = 0.644++), while between the two TC's only rg = 0.307+ was observed. Predicted response to selection yielded very similar results for all test-crosses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00363.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of high quantities of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol and deoxynivalenol (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 41 (1994), S. 384-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The time course of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (AcDON) formation was analysed over a 11 day culture period ofFusarium graminearum (DSMO 4258) on rice. The maximum of 2840 mg/kg AcDON was detected after 9 days of culture. To overcome the complicated clean up of the solid substrate extract, 10% methanol in water was applied as extract solvent. After liquid-liquid partition with ethyl acetate, more than 75% of the toxin could be detected. After one simple clean up step (column chromatography over florisil) AcDON could be crystallised. After ion exchange chromatography deoxynivalenol (DON) could be crystallised and an overall yield of 1,44 g DON per kg of culture was obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01982524
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of high quantities of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol and deoxynivalenol (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 41 (1994), S. 384-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The time course of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (AcDON) formation was analysed over a 11 day culture period of Fusarium graminearum (DSMO 4258) on rice. The maximum of 2840 mg/kg AcDON was detected after 9 days of culture. To overcome the complicated clean up of the solid substrate extract, 10% methanol in water was applied as extract solvent. After liquid-liquid partition with ethyl acetate, more than 75% of the toxin could be detected. After one simple clean up step (column chromatography over florisil) AcDON could be crystallised. After ion exchange chromatography deoxynivalenol (DON) could be crystallised and an overall yield of 1,44 g DON per kg of culture was obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01982524
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of high quantities of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol and deoxynivalenol (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 41 (1994), S. 384-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The time course of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (AcDON) formation was analysed over a 11 day culture period ofFusarium graminearum (DSMO 4258) on rice. The maximum of 2840 mg/kg AcDON was detected after 9 days of culture. To overcome the complicated clean up of the solid substrate extract, 10% methanol in water was applied as extract solvent. After liquid-liquid partition with ethyl acetate, more than 75% of the toxin could be detected. After one simple clean up step (column chromatography over florisil) AcDON could be crystallised. After ion exchange chromatography deoxynivalenol (DON) could be crystallised and an overall yield of 1,44 g DON per kg of culture was obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939024
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colchicine-induced heritable variation in cell size and chloroplast numbers in leaf mesophyll cells of diploid ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) (1990)
    Springer
    Euphytica 49 (1990), S. 49-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Lolium perenne ; ryegrass ; colchicine ; induced heritable variation ; cell size ; chloroplast number
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A 3 hr treatment period with a 0.2% aqueous solution of colchicine was given to one week old seedlings of imbred lines of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). The surviving plants developed as mixoploids and were subsequently split down into single tillers and then classified as either diploid or tetraploid. The undoubled diploids of the treated material (C2x) were then self-pollinated and the seeds grown in the following generation (CT1) without any further treatment. In the CT1 generation comparisons were made between the C2x and the control 2x treatments within the same inbred lines, and heritable differences were found for leaf mesophyll cell plan areas and chloroplast numbers. The cell areas were significantly less in the C2x compared with the 2x treatment in four out of the five lines studied, and the chloroplasts numbers were likewise lower in two out of the five lines. In one line there was a significantly higher mean number of chloroplasts per cell in the C2x material compared with that of the 2x.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024130
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colchicine-induced heritable variation in cell size and chloroplast number in the leaf cells of inbred ryegrasses (Lolium perenne, L. multiflorum) (1991)
    Springer
    Euphytica 52 (1991), S. 39-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Lolium multiflorum ; Italian ryegrass ; Lolium perenne ; perennial ryegrass ; cell size ; chloroplast number ; colchicine-induced changes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A 3 hr period of treatment with a 0.2% aqueous solution of colchicine was given to one week old seedlings of 3 inbred lines of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and 4 lines of Italian ryegrass (L. multiflorum). The surviving plants developed as mixoploids and were self-pollinated. In the following generation (CT1) the seeds were grown without further treatment, and were screened cytologically at the seedling stage to separate out diploids from tetraploids. Only the diploids were kept, and in this CT1 generation comparisons were then made between controls (2x) and colchicine-treated diploids (C2x) for leaf mesophyll cell size and chloroplast number variation. Heritable differences were found such that the cell plan areas and/or the numbers of chloroplasts per cell were significantly greater in the C2x compared with the 2x treatment in 3 and 5 out of the 7 lines. In each case there was enhancement of chloroplast numbers independently of the variation in cell size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037855
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