Call number:
AWI A5-02-0029
Type of Medium:
Monograph available for loan
Pages:
XII, 484 S.
,
Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
Edition:
8. ed.
ISBN:
0130879576
Language:
English
Note:
Contents:
Preface. -
1 Introduction to the atmosphere. -
Weather and climate. -
Atmospheric hazards: assault by the elements. -
The atmosphere: a part of the earth system. -
Earth's four spheres. -
Earth's spheres interact. -
The carbon cycle. -
Composition of the atmosphere. -
Major components. -
Carbon dioxide. -
Variable components. -
Ozone depletion - a global issue. -
The ozone hole. -
Effects of ozone depletion. -
Montreal Protocol. -
Probing the atmosphere. -
Height and structure of the atmosphere. -
Pressure changes. -
Temperature changes. -
Vertical variations in composition. -
The ionosphere. -
2 Heating Earth's Surface and Atmosphere. -
Earth-Sun Relationships. -
Earth's Motions. -
The Seasons. -
Earth's Orientation. -
Solstices and Equinoxes. -
Energy, Heat, and Temperature. -
Types of Energy. -
Heat Energy Versus Temperature. -
Mechanisms of Energy Transfer. -
Conduction. -
Convection. -
Radiation. -
Laws of Radiation. -
The Fate of Incoming Solar Radiation. -
Reflection and Scattering. -
Absorption by Earth's Surface and Atmosphere. -
Radiation Emitted by Earth. -
Heating the Atmosphere. -
The "Greenhouse Effect". -
Role of Clouds in Heating Earth. -
Heat Budget. -
Latitudinal Heat Balance. -
3 Temperature. -
For the Record: Air Temperature Data. -
Why Temperatures Vary: The Controls of Temperature. -
Land and Water. -
Ocean Currents. -
Altitude. -
Geographic Position. -
Cloud Cover and Albedo. -
World Distribution of Temperatures. -
Cycles of Air Temperature. -
Daily Temperature Variations. -
Magnitude of Daily Temperature Changes. -
Annual Temperature Variations. -
Temperature Measurement. -
Mechanical Thermometers. -
Electrical Thermometers. -
Instrument Shelters. -
Temperature Scales. -
Applications of Temperature Data. -
Heating Degree-Days. -
Cooling Degree-Days. -
Growing Degree-Days. -
Temperature and Comfort. -
4 Moisture and Atmospheric Stability. -
Movement of Water Through the Atmosphere. -
Water's Changes of State. -
Water in the Atmosphere. -
Vapor Pressure and Saturation. -
Relative Humidity. -
How Relative Humidity Changes. -
Natural Change in Relative Humidity. -
Dew Point Temperature. -
Humidity Measurement. -
Adiabatic Temperature Changes. -
Adiabatic Cooling and Condensation. -
Lifting Processes. -
Orographic Lifting. -
Frontal Wedging. -
Convergence. -
Localized Convective Lifting. -
Contents. -
The Critical Weathermaker: Atmospheric Stability. -
Types of Stability. -
Stability and Daily Weather. -
How Stability Changes. -
Temperature Changes and Stability. -
Vertical Air Movement and Stability. -
5 Forms of Condensation and Precipitation. -
Condensation. -
Condensation Aloft and Cloud Formation. -
Clouds. -
Cloud Classification. -
Cloud Descriptions. -
Fog. -
Fogs Formed by Cooling. -
Fogs Formed by Evaporation. -
Dew and Frost. -
How Precipitation Forms. -
Precipitation from Cold Clouds: The Bergeron Process. -
Precipitation from Warm Clouds: The Collision-Coalescence Process. -
Forms of Precipitation. -
Rain. -
Snow. -
Sleet and Glaze. -
Hail. -
Rime. -
Precipitation Measurement. -
Standard Instruments. -
Measuring Snowfall. -
Measurement Errors. -
Precipitation Measurement by Weather Radar. -
Intentional Weather Modification. -
Cloud Seeding. -
Fog and Cloud Dispersal. -
Hail Suppression. -
Frost Prevention. -
Inadvertent Weather Modification: Urban-Induced Precipitation. -
6 Air Pressure and Winds. -
Understanding Air Pressure. -
Measuring Air Pressure. -
Factors Affecting Air Pressure. -
Pressure Changes With Altitude. -
Factors Affecting Wind. -
Pressure-Gradient Force. -
Coriolis Force. -
Friction. -
Winds Aloft and Geostrophic Flow. -
Curved Flow and the Gradient Wind. -
Surface Winds. -
How Winds Generate Vettical Air Motion. -
Vertical Airflow Associated with Cyclones and Anticyclones. -
Factors That Promote Vertical Airflow. -
Wind Measurement. -
7 Circulation of the Atmosphere. -
Scales of Atmospheric Motion. -
Large- and Small-Scale Circulation. -
Structure of Wind Patterns. -
Local Winds. -
Land and Sea Breezes. -
Mountain and Valley Breezes. -
Chinook (Foehn) Winds. -
Katabatic (Fall) Winds. -
Country Breeze. -
Global Circulation. -
Single-Cell Circulation Model. -
Three-Cell Circulation Model. -
Observed Distribution of Pressure and Winds. -
Idealized Zonal Pressure Belts. -
Semipermanent Pressure Systems: The Real World. -
Monsoons. -
The Asian Monsoon. -
The North American Monsoon. -
The Westerlies. -
Why Westerlies?. -
Jet Streams. -
Origin of the Midlatitude Jet Stream. -
Subtropical Jet Stream. -
Waves in the Westerlies. -
Westerlies and Earth's Heat Budget. -
Global Winds and Ocean Currents. -
The Importance of Ocean Currents. -
Ocean Currents and Upwelling. -
El Niño and La Niña. -
Global Distribution of Precipitation. -
Zonal Distribution of Precipitation. -
Distribution of Precipitation Over the Continents. -
Precipitation Regimes on a Hypothetical Continent. -
8 Air Masses. -
What Is an Air Mass?. -
Source Regions. -
Classifying Air Masses. -
Air-Mass Modification. -
Properties of North American Air Masses. -
Continental Polar (cP) and Continental Arctic (cA) Air Masses. -
Lake-Effect Snow: Cold Air Over Warm Water. -
Maritime Polar (mP) Air Masses. -
Maritime Tropical (mT) Air Masses. -
Continental Tropical (eT) Air Masses. -
9 Weather Patterns. -
Polar-Front Theory. -
Fronts. -
Warm Fronts. -
Cold Fronts. -
Stationary Fronts. -
Occluded Fronts. -
Drylines. -
Life Cycle of a Midlatitude Cyclone. -
Formation: The Clash of Two Air Masses. -
Development of Cyclonic Flow. -
Occlusion: The Beginning of the End. -
Idealized Weather of a Midlatitude Cyclone. -
Cyclogenesis. -
Cyclonic and Anticyclonic Circulation. -
Divergence and Convergence Aloft. -
Traveling Cyclones. -
Patterns of Movement. -
Anticyclonic Weather and Blocking Highs. -
Case Study of a Midlatitude Cyclone. -
Violent Spring Weather. -
Weather in Peoria. -
10 Thunderstorms and Tornadoes. -
What's in a Name?. -
Thunderstorms. -
Air-Mass Thunderstorms. -
Stages of Development. -
Occurrence. -
Severe Thunderstorms. -
Supercell Thunderstorms. -
Squall Lines and Mesoscale Convective Complexes. -
Lightning and Thunder. -
What Causes Lightning?. -
The Lightning Stroke. -
Thunder. -
Tornadoes. -
The Development and Occurrence of Tornadoes. -
Tornado Development. -
Tornado Climatology. -
Profile of a Tornado. -
Tornado Destruction. -
Tornado Forecasting. -
Tornado Watches and Warnings. -
Doppler Radar. -
11 Hurricanes. -
Profile of a Hurricane. -
Hurricane Formation and Decay. -
Hurricane Formation. -
Hurricane Decay. -
Hurricane Destruction . -
Storm Surge. -
Wind Damage. -
Inland Flooding. -
Detecting and Tracking Hurricanes. -
The Role of Satellites. -
Aircraft Reconnaissance. -
Radar and Data Buoys. -
Hurricane Watches and Warnings. -
12 Weather Analysis and Forecasting. -
The Weather Business: A Brief Overview. -
Weather Analysis. -
Gathering Data. -
Weather Maps: Pictures of the Atmosphere. -
Weather Forecasting. -
Synoptic Weather Forecasting. -
Numerical Weather Prediction. -
Statistical Methods. -
Techniques Used in Short-Range Forecasting. -
Long-Range Forecasts. -
Forecast Accuracy. -
Tools in Weather Forecasting. -
Satellites in Weather Forecasting. -
What Weather Satellites Reveal. -
Measurement by Satellite. -
Weather Forecasting and Upper-Level Flow. -
The Winter of 1977. -
13 Air Pollution. -
A Brief Historical Perspective. -
Air Pollution: Not a new Problem. -
Some Historic Episodes. -
Sources and Types of Air Pollution. -
Primary Pollutants. -
Secondary Pollutants. -
Trends in Air Quality. -
Meteorological Factors Affecting Air Pollution. -
Wind as a Factor. -
The Role of Atmospheric Stability. -
Acid Precipitation. -
Extent and Potency of Acid Precip
Location:
AWI Reading room
Branch Library:
AWI Library
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