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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (45)
  • 1980-1984  (43)
  • 1960-1964  (2)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 7 (1984), S. 44-45 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Gas Chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Immobilized polyethyleneglycol (Carbowax 20M) phase ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2815-2824 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: On the Stereoelectronic Requirements of 1,2-Rearrangements of Vinyl CationsThe triflates 8, 9, 12, 17, 19, and 23 have been synthesized to investigate their solvolysis products in absol. 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) (Table 1). The kinetics of the solvolysis in 50% ethanol have been measured as well. The rate constants give a straight correlation line when we apply an approximate Taft's equation, from which we deduce that the solvolyses take place by a kc mechanism; one exception is 12, as it reacts with S-O bond cleavage. We also deduce that the value of ρ* does not depend on steric factors. Relations between structure and rearrangement of vinyl cations are discussed. Mechanisms for the formation of reaction products are proposed.
    Notizen: Die Triflate 8, 9, 12, 17, 19 und 23 wurden synthetisiert, um die Produkte ihrer Solvolyse in absol. 2,2,2-Trifluorethanol (TFE) zu untersuchen (Tab. 1). Auch die Kinetik der Solvolysen in 50proz. Ethanol wurde bestimmt (Tab. 2). Die Solvolysegeschwindigkeiten ergeben eine Korrelationsgerade bei einer vereinfachten Taftschen Darstellung, woraus abgeleitet wird, daß die Solvolysen nach einem kc-Mechanismus erfolgen; eine Ausnahme ist 12, das durch S-O-Spaltung solvolysiert. Wir schließen daraus, daß ρ* von sterischen Effekten unabhängig ist. Es werden Beziehungen zwischen Struktur und Umlagerung bei Vinylkationen diskutiert und Mechanismen für die Bildung der Reaktionsprodukte vorgeschlagen.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 20 (1982), S. 1279-1285 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The copolymerization of β-pinene with styrene oxide (SO) and β-pinene with N-vinylpyrrolidone (VP) was investigated by using SnCl4 in dichloromethane diluent at low temperature. Monomer reactivity ratios were evaluated for both copolymers at -80°C; these are r1(SO) = 2.979 and r2(β-pinene) = 0.002 and r1(VP) = 0.096 and r2(β-pinene) = 0.294.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 3 (1980), S. 528-530 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Gas chromatography ; Two-phase derivatization technique ; Yeast ; Splitless injection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 24 (1984), S. 169-174 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Water-ground Phlogopite micas were classified into narrow particle-size distributions containing flakes with well-defined diameters and thicknesses in order to evaluate the influence of particle size and flake aspect ratio on the mechanical properties of mica-filled polypropylenes, For the purposes of comparison, most of the injection-molded specimens contained 40 percent (by weight) mica. As expected, the flexural and tensile modulus values increased in proportion to the aspect ratio over the range from 30 to 60 to a maximum of 8 GPa. The measured tensile strengths of the mica-filled polypropylenes increased substantially as the flake diameter became smaller, but did not correlate with the flake aspect ratio. The attainable properties were frequently dependent upon the method of mixing, and considerable care was necessary to ensure proper dispersion and adequate coupling. Intensive mixing, as in a Gelimat Mixer, may cause in situ delamination and particle-size reduction of the mica filler particles, leading to a marked increase in tensile strength of the resulting composite. The mica-filled compounds could be reprocessed many times without significant loss of properties, particularly compounds having mica particles less than 40 μm in diameter. The fracture energies (notched Izod) and the heat-distortion temperatures were not appreciably influenced by the size or aspect ratios of the mica within this range. Increased fracture toughness could be achieved by reducing the mica concentration or employing a polypropylene copolymer. Guidelines are presented to indicate the preferred characteristics of mica fillers and the influence of mixing conditions on performance.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 23 (1983), S. 766-770 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Water-ground Phlogopite mica (Kemira Siilinjarvi phlogopite) has been evaluated as a reinforcing filler in polypropylene. The major factors which influence the composite strength and modulus include the size, aspect ratio, and uniformity of the mica flakes. Aqueous delamination permits the production of very small flakes (less than 44 microns diameter) with aspect ratios near 50. Such small flakes impart greater tensile and modulus values to polypropylene than larger flakes and the former can also be reprocessed many times without any deterioration of properties. Surface treatment is necessary for adequate dispersion and coupling, particularly with the finely divided mica fillers. Other properties such as the heat-distortion temperature, fracture toughness, and gas permeability are also influenced by the mean size and aspect ratio of the mica filler. Guidelines are presented to indicate the preferred characteristics of mica fillers for optimum performance.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2293-2306 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The gases CO, CO2, and H2 were used as substrates in anaerobic fermentations producing organic acids. Various mixed bacterial sources were used, including sewage sludge digester effluent, rabbit feces, and soil. Nonsterile microorganism selection was carried out using CO2/H2 and CO/H2 as the primary carbon and energy sources. Cultures were grown in specially designed, high-pressure (to 70 psig) flasks. Methanogenic bacteria were eliminated from the cultures. Liquid products of the fermentations were acetic through caproic acids, with the even-numbered acids predominating. Carbon balances showed conclusively that acetic acid was formed from carbon contained in the CO or CO2 feed gas. Measurements made included rates of acid product formation, cell density, and degree of gas utilization. Limited characterization of the microorganisms was also performed. Production of organic acids by mixed culture inocula from CO2/H2 or CO/H2 had not been reported previously. Application of this work is to the production of organic chemicals from synthesis gas (SNG), produced by the gasification of fossil fuels (peat, lignite, and various ranks of coals), biomass (agricultural and forest residues, and various biomass crops grown expressly for energy recovery), and municipal solid waste.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 28 (1983), S. 33-43 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Four poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) samples, 1, 2, 3, and 4, were prepared in bulk using 2,2′-azodiisobutyronitrile at 90°C and 60°C and the same initiator together with UV irradiation at 0°C and -50°C, respectively. Fractions were obtained from samples 2,3, and 4 by extracting with acetone, sample 1 being completely soluble in this solvent. The whole PVC's as well as their acetone soluble and insoluble fractions, were characterized by determining the intrinsic viscosity, the osmometric molecular weight, and the tacticity; then they were thermally degraded up to conversion of 0.3% in powder state. The values of degradation rate for both the insoluble fractions and the whole PVC's were in agreement with some prior results on the influence of syndiotactic sequences on propagation step. The soluble fractions proved to be very unstable in comparison with the insoluble, which, despite the lower molecular weight of the former, seems to obey their higher content of isotactic conformations. The fine polyene distribution in the degraded polymers was carried out by UV-visible spectroscopy. The results reveal the occurrence of two different polyene distributions, and allow for the peculiar one of the soluble fractions to be related to polyenes consisting of two sequences of trans conjugated double bonds separated by a single cis double bond. The results clearly shows that there are two mechanisms for initiation of the PVC degradation, depending on whether it occurs by random unstable structures or by the normal GTTG isotactic or TTTG heterotactic triads. Moreover, these two initiation processes are proved to give rise to different types of polyenes, which accounts for the occurrence of two unlike mechanisms of propagation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 1735-1741 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Three PVC samples having different tacticities, as well as the products resulting from their reaction with sodium thiophenate, which was previously found to occur selectively by some definite isotactic conformations, were degraded at 180°C in solid state up to 0.3%. In agreement with prior works, the stability of the substituted polymers was shown to be higher as the substitution extent increased up to a definite value, which depends on the overall isotactic content of the starting materials. On the other hand, the found changes in polyene distribution for the degraded samples with the substitution extent, as followed by UV-visible spectroscopy, demonstrate that the specific bands at 393, 416, and 437 nm, which are known to be characteristic for the most unstable PVCs, arise from the lability of some chlorine atoms located at GTTG′ (or TTTG) conformations, as prior results suggested. On the basis of the so-obtained correlation between the content of some isotactic triads (especially the GTTG′) and both the thermal instability and the formation of the above-indicated specific polyenes, new advances in the degradation mechanism are proposed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 184 (1983), S. 961-967 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Anionic polymerization of p-triphenylgermylstyrene (1a) and p-tributylgermylstyrene (1b) were investigated under high vacuum conditions (≈10-6 mbar). Both 1a and 1b were readily polymerized with sodium naphthalide, potassium naphthalide, or α-methylstyrylsodium oligomers to form “living polymers”. The addition of α-methylstyrene to these living systems gave the triblock copolymer, poly(α-methylstyrene-b-p-triphenylgermylstyrene-b-α-methylstyrene). Both monomers were also polymerized radically with AIBN as initiator. Some physical properties of the resulting polymers were examined.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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