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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: The importance of autonomous in situ chemical sensors for ocean observations has increased drastically over the last decades. Yet, the huge potentials of sensor-based data collection remain underutilized by the scientific and regulatory communities, despite wider than ever usage of sensors. This thesis is part of a growing body of work to extend the usability of sensors and is embedded in the Ocean Best Practice approach, which could improve data quality in ocean observation in general. The here presented Ph.D. thesis covers multiple commercial sensors (LOC from ClearWater Sensors, Southampton, UK and OPUS from TriOS GmbH, Germany) for autonomous, high-resolution and in situ measurements of essential biogeochemical parameters (pH and nitrate) in marine waters. It was motivated by the necessity of improving the data quality of autonomous submersible optical sensors and broadening their utility. To achieve this, sensor deployments in various aquatic environments were conducted. Furthermore, the data obtained via sensors based on the same analytical principle was compared with each other, and with benchtop laboratory devices to assess the accuracy of the measurements. The achievements are associated with the acquisition of accurate and temporally well-resolved real-time data. A more reliable sensor-based data collection and improved deployability promotes a broader usage of autonomous sensors in general. Thus, a financially more sustainable ocean monitoring approach can be achieved, since a broader adaptation of autonomous sensors in research yields a higher cost efficiency.
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: High quality pH measurements are required in estuarine and coastal waters to assess the impacts of anthropogenic atmospheric CO 2 emissions on the marine carbonate system, including the resulting decrease in pH. In addition, pH measurements are needed to determine impacts on carbonate chemistry of phytoplankton blooms and their breakdown, following enhanced anthropogenic nutrient inputs. The spectrophotometric pH technique provides high quality pH data in seawater, and is advantageous for long-term deployments as it is not prone to drift and does not require in situ calibration. In this study, a field application of a fully automated submersible spectrophotometric analyzer for high-resolution in situ pH measurements in dynamic estuarine and coastal waters is presented. A Lab-on-Chip (LOC) pH sensor was deployed from a pontoon in the inner Kiel Fjord, southwestern Baltic Sea, for a total period of 6 weeks. We present a time-series of in situ pH T (total pH scale) and ancillary data, with sensor validation using discretely collected samples for pH T and laboratory analysis. The difference between the sensor and laboratory analyses of discrete samples was within ±0.015 pH T unit, with a mean difference of 0.001 (n=65), demonstrating that the LOC sensor can provide stable and accurate pH T measurements over several weeks.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2023-10-28
    Description: The file contains dissolved and total dissolvable trace metal concentrations (Fe, Co, Mn, Ni, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and V), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Fe(II), and iodide and iodate concentrations of surface water samples and station depth profiles. Trace metal concentrations were measured by ICP-MS after preconcentration (Rapp et al. 2017, Anal. Chim. Acta). Fe(II) and H2O2 were analyzed on-board using chemiluminescence flow injection analysis (Hopwood et al. 2017, Sci. Rep.). Iodide concentrations were analyzed by cathodic stripping square wave voltammetry (Luther et al. 1988, Anal. Chem.) and Iodate concentrations were measured spectrophotometrically (Chapman and Liss 1977, Mar. Chem.).
    Keywords: Bottle number; Cadmium; Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; CT; CTD/Rosette, ultra clean; CTD-UC; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Event label; Flag; Iron; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M135; M135_254-1; M135_259-2; M135_261-1; M135_264-1; M135_266-1; M135_269-1; M135_271-1; M135_273-2; M135_275-1; M135_277-1; M135_279-1; M135_281-1; M135_288-1; M135_290-2; M135_293-1; M135_297-2; M135_299-1; M135_301-1; M135_303-1; M135_308-1; M135_313-2; M135_315-2; M135_317-2; M135_320-1; M135_324-2; M135_328-1; M135-track; Meteor (1986); Nitrate; Nitrite; Nitrogen, organic, dissolved; Nitrogen, reduced; Oxygen; Phosphate; Phosphorus, organic, dissolved; Sample code/label; SFB754; SFB754/POSTRE-II; Silicate; Underway cruise track measurements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 8317 data points
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2023-10-28
    Description: The file contains dissolved and total dissolvable trace metal concentrations (Fe, Co, Mn, Ni, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and V), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Fe(II), and iodide and iodate concentrations of surface water samples and station depth profiles. Trace metal concentrations were measured by ICP-MS after preconcentration (Rapp et al. 2017, Anal. Chim. Acta). Fe(II) and H2O2 were analyzed on-board using chemiluminescence flow injection analysis (Hopwood et al. 2017, Sci. Rep.). Iodide concentrations were analyzed by cathodic stripping square wave voltammetry (Luther et al. 1988, Anal. Chem.) and Iodate concentrations were measured spectrophotometrically (Chapman and Liss 1977, Mar. Chem.).
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Ammonium; Bottle number; Cadmium; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; CT; CTD/Rosette, ultra clean; CTD-UC; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Event label; Flag; Iron; Iron II, ferrous iron; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M136; M136_354-1; M136_366-1; M136_377-1; M136_394-1; M136_403-1; M136_413-1; M136_427-1; M136_443-1; M136_457-1; M136_465-1; M136_474-1; M136_487-1; M136_499-1; M136_535-1; M136_556-1; M136_572-1; M136_589-1; M136-track; Meteor (1986); Nitrate; Nitrite; Nitrogen, reduced; Phosphate; Sample code/label; SFB754; Silicate; Underway cruise track measurements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3831 data points
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2023-10-28
    Description: The file contains dissolved and total dissolvable trace metal concentrations (Fe, Co, Mn, Ni, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and V), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Fe(II), and iodide and iodate concentrations of surface water samples and station depth profiles. Trace metal concentrations were measured by ICP-MS after preconcentration (Rapp et al. 2017, Anal. Chim. Acta). Fe(II) and H2O2 were analyzed on-board using chemiluminescence flow injection analysis (Hopwood et al. 2017, Sci. Rep.). Iodide concentrations were analyzed by cathodic stripping square wave voltammetry (Luther et al. 1988, Anal. Chem.) and Iodate concentrations were measured spectrophotometrically (Chapman and Liss 1977, Mar. Chem.).
    Keywords: Bottle number; Cadmium; Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; CT; CTD/Rosette, ultra clean; CTD-UC; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Event label; Flag; Iron; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M138; M138_882-17; M138_883-13; M138_884-5; M138_885-4; M138_888-5; M138_892-18; M138_897-10; M138_898-4; M138_904-13; M138_906-6; M138-track; Meteor (1986); Nitrate; Nitrite; Nitrogen, reduced; Phosphate; Sample code/label; SFB754; Silicate; Underway cruise track measurements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2072 data points
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2023-10-28
    Description: The file contains dissolved and total dissolvable trace metal concentrations (Fe, Co, Mn, Ni, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and V), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Fe(II), and iodide and iodate concentrations of surface water samples and station depth profiles. Trace metal concentrations were measured by ICP-MS after preconcentration (Rapp et al. 2017, Anal. Chim. Acta). Fe(II) and H2O2 were analyzed on-board using chemiluminescence flow injection analysis (Hopwood et al. 2017, Sci. Rep.). Iodide concentrations were analyzed by cathodic stripping square wave voltammetry (Luther et al. 1988, Anal. Chem.) and Iodate concentrations were measured spectrophotometrically (Chapman and Liss 1977, Mar. Chem.).
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Ammonium; Bottle number; Cadmium; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; CT; CTD/Rosette, ultra clean; CTD-UC; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Event label; Flag; Iron; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M137; M137_613-1; M137_630-1; M137_638-1; M137_653-1; M137_671-1; M137_685-1; M137_699-1; M137_708-1; M137_724-1; M137_738-1; M137_758-1; M137_792-1; M137_803-1; M137_824-1; M137_835-1; M137_859-1; M137_874-1; M137_875-1; M137-track; Meteor (1986); Nitrate; Nitrite; Nitrogen, reduced; Phosphate; Sample code/label; SFB754; Silicate; Underway cruise track measurements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4327 data points
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2023-09-28
    Description: On the MOSES cruise Sternfahrt_1 water samples were taken on 8 stations. Samples were exchanged between the institutes Alfred-Wegener-Institut Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (Geomar) and Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Centre for Materials and Coastal Research (HZG) for later comparison of the nutrient data.
    Keywords: Ammonium; AWI; Colorimetric using QuAAtro39 AA (Seal Analytical); Comment; Cruise/expedition; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Depth comment; Event label; Geomar; HZG; KON_stern_1; L19-03_stern_1; LATITUDE; Littorina; LONGITUDE; Ludwig Prandtl; Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems; MOSES; MOSES_stern1_nutrients; MYA2019/04_stern_1; Mya II; Name; Nitrate; Nitrite; Nitrogen, organic, total; NO2; NO3; Phosphate; PO4; Sample ID; SEAL Analytical, AutoAnalyzer 3 HR (AA3 HR), XY-2 Sampler; SEAL Analytical, AutoAnalyzer 3 HR (AA3 HR), XY-2 Sampler, method No. G-062-92 Rev. 2; SEAL Analytical, AutoAnalyzer 3 HR (AA3 HR), XY-2 Sampler, method No. G-170-96 Rev. 1; SEAL Analytical, AutoAnalyzer 3 HR (AA3 HR), XY-2 Sampler, method No. G-171-96 Rev. 14; SEAL Analytical, AutoAnalyzer 3 HR (AA3 HR), XY-2 Sampler, method No. G-177-96 Rev. 8; SEAL Analytical, AutoAnalyzer QuAAtro39, method No. Q-064-05 Rev. 4; SEAL Analytical, AutoAnalyzer QuAAtro39, method No. Q-066-05 Rev. 3; SEAL Analytical, AutoAnalyzer QuAAtro39, method No. Q-068-05 Rev. 6; SEAL Analytical, AutoAnalyzer QuAAtro39, method No. Q-080-06 Rev. 2; Si; Silicate; stern_1-100; stern_1-101; stern_1-102; stern_1-103; stern_1-104; stern_1-105; stern_1-56; stern_1-57; stern_1-58; stern_1-59; stern_1-60; stern_1-61; stern_1-62; stern_1-63; stern_1-64; stern_1-65; stern_1-66; stern_1-67; stern_1-68; stern_1-69; stern_1-70; stern_1-71; stern_1-72; stern_1-73; stern_1-74; stern_1-75; stern_1-76; stern_1-77; stern_1-78; stern_1-79; stern_1-80; stern_1-81; stern_1-82; stern_1-83; stern_1-84; stern_1-85; stern_1-86; stern_1-87; stern_1-88; stern_1-89; stern_1-90; stern_1-91; stern_1-92; stern_1-93; stern_1-94; stern_1-95; stern_1-96; stern_1-97; stern_1-98; stern_1-99; Sternfahrt 1, KON, 20190239; Sternfahrt 1, L19-03, 20190193; Sternfahrt 1, MYA2019/04; Type; Water sample; WS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 935 data points
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2023-09-28
    Keywords: dissolved methane; Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems; MOSES; Salinity; sediment methane; turbidity
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2024-02-12
    Description: During Stern_3 single water samples were taken either from a rosette (vertical) or from on the way systems. For the on the way systems a time off-set was calculated and subtracted from the original time. The aim of the sampling was mainly to counter-check with different sensors. More details can be found in the expedition report (Fahrtbericht Moses Sternfahrten). For methane concentrations, water was transferred to glass bottles (120 ml) and stored cold (4°).
    Keywords: Cruise/expedition; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; dissolved methane; Event label; KON_stern_3; L19-11_stern_3; LATITUDE; Littorina; LONGITUDE; Ludwig Prandtl; Methane; Methane, sediment; Name; OPTIMARE Precision Salinometer System; Salinity; Sample ID; sediment methane; Sediment sample; SES; stern_3-1; stern_3-10; stern_3-100; stern_3-101; stern_3-102; stern_3-103; stern_3-104; stern_3-105; stern_3-106; stern_3-107; stern_3-108; stern_3-109; stern_3-11; stern_3-110; stern_3-111; stern_3-112; stern_3-113; stern_3-114; stern_3-115; stern_3-116; stern_3-117; stern_3-118; stern_3-119; stern_3-12; stern_3-120; stern_3-121; stern_3-122; stern_3-123; stern_3-124; stern_3-125; stern_3-126; stern_3-127; stern_3-128; stern_3-129; stern_3-13; stern_3-130; stern_3-131; stern_3-132; stern_3-133; stern_3-134; stern_3-135; stern_3-136; stern_3-137; stern_3-138; stern_3-139; stern_3-14; stern_3-140; stern_3-141; stern_3-142; stern_3-143; stern_3-144; stern_3-145; stern_3-146; stern_3-147; stern_3-148; stern_3-149; stern_3-15; stern_3-150; stern_3-151; stern_3-152; stern_3-153; stern_3-154; stern_3-155; stern_3-156; stern_3-157; stern_3-158; stern_3-16; stern_3-17; stern_3-18; stern_3-19; stern_3-2; stern_3-20; stern_3-21; stern_3-22; stern_3-23; stern_3-24; stern_3-25; stern_3-26; stern_3-27; stern_3-28; stern_3-29; stern_3-3; stern_3-30; stern_3-31; stern_3-32; stern_3-33; stern_3-34; stern_3-35; stern_3-36; stern_3-37; stern_3-38; stern_3-39; stern_3-4; stern_3-40; stern_3-41; stern_3-42; stern_3-43; stern_3-44; stern_3-45; stern_3-46; stern_3-47; stern_3-48; stern_3-49; stern_3-5; stern_3-50; stern_3-51; stern_3-52; stern_3-53; stern_3-54; stern_3-55; stern_3-56; stern_3-57; stern_3-58; stern_3-59; stern_3-6; stern_3-60; stern_3-61; stern_3-62; stern_3-63; stern_3-64; stern_3-65; stern_3-66; stern_3-67; stern_3-68; stern_3-69; stern_3-7; stern_3-70; stern_3-71; stern_3-72; stern_3-73; stern_3-74; stern_3-75; stern_3-76; stern_3-77; stern_3-78; stern_3-79; stern_3-8; stern_3-80; stern_3-81; stern_3-82; stern_3-83; stern_3-84; stern_3-85; stern_3-86; stern_3-87; stern_3-88; stern_3-89; stern_3-9; stern_3-90; stern_3-91; stern_3-92; stern_3-93; stern_3-94; stern_3-95; stern_3-96; stern_3-97; stern_3-98; stern_3-99; Sternfahrt 3, KON; Sternfahrt 3, L19-11, 20190201; Sternfahrt 3, UT09; Time in seconds; turbidity; Turbidity; Turbidity meter, Hach, 2100N IS; Type; UT09_stern_3; Uthörn; Water sample; WS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1089 data points
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2024-02-12
    Description: During Stern_1 single water samples were taken either from a rosette (vertical) or from on the way systems. For the on the way systems a time off-set was calculated and subtracted from the original time. The aim of the sampling was mainly to counter-check with different sensors. More details can be found in the expedition report (Fahrtbericht Moses Sternfahrten). For methane concentrations, water was transferred to glass bottles (120 ml) and stored cold (4°). In the home laboratory a 20 ml head space was created and analyzed via gas chromatography. Magen et al. (2014).
    Keywords: Cruise/expedition; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; dissolved methane; Event label; KON_stern_1; L19-03_stern_1; LATITUDE; Littorina; LONGITUDE; Ludwig Prandtl; Methane; MYA2019/04_stern_1; Mya II; Name; OPTIMARE Precision Salinometer System; Salinity; Sample ID; stern_1-1; stern_1-10; stern_1-11; stern_1-12; stern_1-13; stern_1-14; stern_1-15; stern_1-16; stern_1-17; stern_1-18; stern_1-19; stern_1-2; stern_1-20; stern_1-21; stern_1-22; stern_1-23; stern_1-24; stern_1-25; stern_1-26; stern_1-27; stern_1-28; stern_1-29; stern_1-3; stern_1-30; stern_1-31; stern_1-32; stern_1-33; stern_1-34; stern_1-35; stern_1-36; stern_1-37; stern_1-38; stern_1-39; stern_1-4; stern_1-40; stern_1-41; stern_1-42; stern_1-43; stern_1-44; stern_1-45; stern_1-46; stern_1-47; stern_1-48; stern_1-49; stern_1-5; stern_1-50; stern_1-51; stern_1-52; stern_1-53; stern_1-54; stern_1-55; stern_1-6; stern_1-7; stern_1-8; stern_1-9; Sternfahrt 1, KON, 20190239; Sternfahrt 1, L19-03, 20190193; Sternfahrt 1, MYA2019/04; Time in seconds; turbidity; Turbidity; Turbidity meter, Hach, 2100N IS; Type; Water sample; WS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 404 data points
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