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  • 11
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    Response (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-07-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huntley, M E -- Lopez, M D -- Karl, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 10;257(5067):259-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17794757" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 12
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    Community genomics among stratified microbial assemblages in the ocean's interior (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-28
    Description: Microbial life predominates in the ocean, yet little is known about its genomic variability, especially along the depth continuum. We report here genomic analyses of planktonic microbial communities in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, from the ocean's surface to near-sea floor depths. Sequence variation in microbial community genes reflected vertical zonation of taxonomic groups, functional gene repertoires, and metabolic potential. The distributional patterns of microbial genes suggested depth-variable community trends in carbon and energy metabolism, attachment and motility, gene mobility, and host-viral interactions. Comparative genomic analyses of stratified microbial communities have the potential to provide significant insight into higher-order community organization and dynamics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeLong, Edward F -- Preston, Christina M -- Mincer, Tracy -- Rich, Virginia -- Hallam, Steven J -- Frigaard, Niels-Ulrik -- Martinez, Asuncion -- Sullivan, Matthew B -- Edwards, Robert -- Brito, Beltran Rodriguez -- Chisholm, Sallie W -- Karl, David M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jan 27;311(5760):496-503.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. delong@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16439655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Archaea/classification/*genetics/metabolism ; Archaeal Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Bacteria/classification/*genetics/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Bacteriophages/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cluster Analysis ; Computational Biology ; Cosmids ; DNA, Viral/chemistry/genetics ; Ecosystem ; Gene Library ; *Genes, Archaeal ; *Genes, Bacterial ; Genes, rRNA ; *Genomics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pacific Ocean ; Seawater/*microbiology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Water Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 13
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    Environment. Ocean iron fertilization--moving forward in a sea of uncertainty (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-01-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buesseler, Ken O -- Doney, Scott C -- Karl, David M -- Boyd, Philip W -- Caldeira, Ken -- Chai, Fei -- Coale, Kenneth H -- de Baar, Hein J W -- Falkowski, Paul G -- Johnson, Kenneth S -- Lampitt, Richard S -- Michaels, Anthony F -- Naqvi, S W A -- Smetacek, Victor -- Takeda, Shigenobu -- Watson, Andrew J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jan 11;319(5860):162. doi: 10.1126/science.1154305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. kbuesseler@whoi.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18187642" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; *Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; Climate ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; *Ecosystem ; *Iron/metabolism ; Oceans and Seas ; Phytoplankton/*growth & development ; *Seawater/chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 14
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    Chemical oceanography. Increasing anthropogenic nitrogen in the North Pacific Ocean (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-29
    Description: The recent increase in anthropogenic emissions of reactive nitrogen from northeastern Asia and the subsequent enhanced deposition over the extensive regions of the North Pacific Ocean (NPO) have led to a detectable increase in the nitrate (N) concentration of the upper ocean. The rate of increase of excess N relative to phosphate (P) was found to be highest (~0.24 micromoles per kilogram per year) in the vicinity of the Asian source continent, with rates decreasing eastward across the NPO, consistent with the magnitude and distribution of atmospheric nitrogen deposition. This anthropogenically driven increase in the N content of the upper NPO may enhance primary production in this N-limited region, potentially leading to a long-term change of the NPO from being N-limited to P-limited.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kim, Il-Nam -- Lee, Kitack -- Gruber, Nicolas -- Karl, David M -- Bullister, John L -- Yang, Simon -- Kim, Tae-Wook -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Nov 28;346(6213):1102-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1258396.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea. ; School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea. ktl@postech.ac.kr. ; Environmental Physics Group, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. ; Daniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1950 East West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. ; Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, WA 98115, USA. ; Ocean Circulation and Climate Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, 426-744, Republic of Korea.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25430767" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Asia ; Humans ; Nitrates/*analysis ; Nitrogen/*analysis ; Pacific Ocean ; Phosphates/analysis ; Seawater/*chemistry ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis ; *Water Pollution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 15
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    Occurrence and metabolic activity of organisms under the ross ice shelf, antarctica, at station j9 (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-02-02
    Description: Seawater samples below the Ross Ice Shelf were collected through an access hole at J9, approximately 400 kilometers from the Ross Sea, Antarctica. The 237-meter water column had sparse populations of bacteria (8.7 x 10(6) to 1.2 x 10(7) per liter), microplankters (10(2) to 10(3) per cubic meter), and zooplankters (10 to 20 per cubic meter) at the depths studied. Microbial biomass estimates from cellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate measurements were very low (10 to 150 nanograms of carbon per liter), comparable with values for the abyssal ocean. Microbial populations assimilated tritiated D-glucose, thymidine, uridine, and adenosine triphosphate at extremely low rates, comparable with deep-sea heterotrophic populations. Sediment samples had 10(7) to 10(8) bacteria per gram (dry weight), which were metabolically active as shown by respiration of uniformly labeled D-[(14)C]glucose. From this study it cannot be determined whether these organisms in the water column and sediments constitute a functioning food web.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Azam, F -- Beers, J R -- Campbell, L -- Carlucci, A F -- Holm-Hansen, O -- Reid, F M -- Karl, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 2;203(4379):451-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17734142" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 16
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    Effects of nutrient enrichment on surface microbial community gene expression in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (2018)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-09-26
    Description: Effects of nutrient enrichment on surface microbial community gene expression in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre Effects of nutrient enrichment on surface microbial community gene expression in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, Published online: 25 September 2018; doi:10.1038/s41396-018-0280-0 Effects of nutrient enrichment on surface microbial community gene expression in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
    Print ISSN: 1751-7362
    Electronic ISSN: 1751-7370
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer Nature on behalf of The International Society for Microbial Ecology (ISME).
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial uptake of dissolved organic matter in Mcmurdo Sound, Antarctica (1981)
    Springer
    Marine biology 61 (1981), S. 89-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The distribution and activity of bacterioplankton, and the turnover of dissolved organic matter (DOM) were examined in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. On the eastern side of the Sound, bacteria averaged 6.5×108 l-1, and turnover rates of dissolved adenosine triphosphate, D-glucose and l-leucine averaged 16, 116 and 124 h, respecitvely. These molecules as well as thymidine were taken up maximally from 0° to 5°C and near-maximally from -1.5° to 0°C, indicating bacterial adaptation to rapid turnover of dissolved organic matter at the ambient temperature. On the west side of the Sound, bacteria averaged only 0.65×108 l-1, and turnover times for adenosine triphosphate, D-glucose and lleucine averaged 59, 20454, and 3070 h, respectively. Total microbial adenosine triphosphate (an indicator of total microbial biomass) and chlorophyll a were also much lower at the western than at the eastern side stations. Moreover, no primary production could be detected at one western side station (New Harbor). Thus, in McMurdo Sound, the western side is highly oligotrophic, but the eastern side has an abundant active bacterioplankton, comparable to that of temperate coastal waters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386648
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RNA synthesis as a measure of microbial growth in aquatic environments. I. Evaluation, verification and optimization of methods (1981)
    Springer
    Marine biology 64 (1981), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Measurement of rates of microbial (bacteria and unicellular algae) ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis in environmental samples by radioactive tracers requires several assumptions that we test and evaluate herein. After addition of 3H-adenine to water samples from eutrophic freshwater or pelagic and oceanic ecosystems, microorganisms assimilate it without (1) any luxury uptake or (2) any expansion of intracellular adenine nucleotide pools. The calculated rate of stable RNA synthesis tends to be overestimated during the initial time periods of labeling (i.e., less than 30 s for cultures of Serratia marinorubra, and less than 20 min for most environmental samples) due to kinetic compartmentalization of the nucleic acid precursor (ATP) pool. Time-series analyses are recommended because the effects of compartmentalization decrease with increasing incubation. The kinetics of 3H-adenine uptake and aspects of its subsequent assimilation, intermediary metabolism and breakdown are described in bacteria and natural assemblages of microorganisms. Mass-balance radioactivity inventories greatly facilitate interpretation of nucleic acid precursor assimilation. Finally, we demonstrate that independent measurements of precursor (ATP) specific radioactivity are required for any elucidation of rates of stable RNA synthesis (and thus microbial growth) in nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00394075
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RNA synthesis as a measure of microbial growth in aquatic environments. II. Field applications (1981)
    Springer
    Marine biology 64 (1981), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Rates of stable ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis have been calculated from time-series measurements of the uptake of 3H-adenine and labeling of the intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and stable RNA pools for microbial communities from a variety of freshwater and marine ecosystems. Total rates of microbial RNA synthesis ranged from 6.6 pmol to 3.8x105 pmol of adenine incorporated into RNA l−1 h−1. Most of the variation was attributable to differences in microbial biomass; if total rate data are normalized to living microbial carbon (based on ATP measurements), the variation in specific rates of RNA synthesis is decreased by a factor of 100 to 1 000 for microbial communities from diverse environments. Light/dark experiments indicated that the uptake and incorporation of 3H-adenine are uncoupled from photophosphorylation. The measurement of rates of stable RNA synthesis of microbial assemblages in nature can yield useful information concerning in situ growth rates and the response of communities to changes in environmental conditions such as nutrient additions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00394076
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial RNA and DNA synthesis in marine sediments (1984)
    Springer
    Marine biology 83 (1984), S. 129-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A technique for measuring rates of RNA and DNA synthesis in sedimentary microbial communities has been adapted from methods developed for marine and freshwater microplankton research. The procedure measures the uptake, incorporation and turnover of exogenous [2, 3H]-adenine by benthic microbial populations. With minor modification, it is applicable to a wide range of sediment types. Measurement of nucleic acid synthesis rates are reported from selected benthic marine environments, including coral reef sediments (Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii), intertidal beach sands (Oahu and southern California) and California borderland basin sediment (San Pedro Basin), and comparisons are made to selected water-column microbial communities. Biomass-specific rates of nucleic acid synthesis in sediment microbial communities were comparable to those observed in water-column assemblages (i.e., 0.02 to 2.0 pmol deoxyadenine incorporated into DNA [ng ATP]-1 h-1 and 0.2 to 8.9 pmol adenine incorporated into RNA [ng ATP]-1 h-1). DNA synthesis rates were used to calculate carbon production estimates ranging from 2 μg C cm-3 h-1 in San Pedro Basin sediment (880 m water depth) to 807 μg C cm-3 h-1 in coral reef sediment from the Kaneohe Bay. Microbial community specific growth rate, μ(d-1), estimated from DNA synthesis rates in surface sediments ranged from 0.1 in San Pedro Basin to 4.2 in Scripps Beach (La Jolla, California) intertidal sand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00394720
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