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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of abscisic acid from shoots of Salix pentandra (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 66 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abscisic acid isolated from vegetative shoots of Salix pentandra L. has been identified by high performance liquid chromatography and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1986.tb05942.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of [14C] indole-3-acetic acid metabolites from the primary roots of Zea mays seedlings using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 57 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Methanolic extracts of Zea mays L. cv. Fronica root segments which had been incubated in [14C] indole-3-acetie acid were analysed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Metabolism of indole-3-acetic acid was found to be rapid and extensive with at least 11 products apparent after a 2 h incubation. A comparison of metabolites of [1-14C]– and [2-14C] IAA, calculations of 14CO2 evolution, and data on the polarity of products indicated that decarboxylation had not occurred. An average of 34% of the radioactivity remained associated with the indole-3-acetic acid peak.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1983.tb00742.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A REPLY TO ‘INFORMATION THEORY AND PLANT GROWTH SUBSTANCE ANALYSIS’ BY I. M. SCOTT (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 6 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1983.tb01268.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Translocation and metabolism of [3H]gibberellins by light-grown Phaseolus coccineus seedlings (1975)
    Springer
    Planta 127 (1975), S. 221-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Tritiated gibberellins (GAs) A1, A4, A5 and A20 injected into the apical bud of light-grown Phaseolus coccineus L. seedlings were retained in the apical region and underwent little metabolism in 24 h. However, when injected into the hypocotyl, the [3H]GAs were extensively metabolised and redistributed. All four GAs were equally effective in promoting subapical elongation in shoot explants irrespective of apical or basal application. The metabolism and export of [3H]GA4 by excised organs incubated for 24 h in buffer solution was both quantitatively and qualitatively different to that of the corresponding treated organs of intact plants, suggesting abnormal metabolic conditions in explants. [3H]GAs applied to embryonic axes of germinating seeds were translocated into the cotyledons but no translocation in the reverse direction took place.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380719
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid in protoplasts, chloroplasts and a cytoplasmic fraction from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (1982)
    Springer
    Planta 156 (1982), S. 541-545 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin biosynthesis ; Cellular compartmentation ; Hordeum (IAA biosynthesis) ; Tryptophan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Protoplast preparations from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) enzymatically converted [5-3H]tryptophan to [3H]indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Both a chloroplast and a crude cytoplasmic fraction, isolated from protoplasts that had previously been fed [5-3H]tryptophan, contained [3H]IAA. Chloroplast and cytoplasmic preparations, isolated from protoplasts and thereafter incubated with [5-3H]tryptophan, also synthesized [3H]IAA, although, in both instances the pool size was less than 50% of that detected in the in-vivo feeds. There were no significant differences in the amounts of [3H]IAA that accumulated in protoplast and chloroplast preparations incubated in light and darkness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392778
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relative importance of tryptophan-dependent and tryptophan-independent biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid in tobacco during vegetative growth (2000)
    Springer
    Planta 211 (2000), S. 715-721 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Indole-3-acetic acid (turnover, metabolism) – Tryptophan (IAA biosynthesis) –Nicotiana (IAA biosynthesis)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. A quantitative study of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) turnover, and the contribution of tryptophan-dependent and tryptophan-independent IAA-biosynthesis pathways, was carried out using protoplast preparations and shoot apices obtained from wild-type and transgenic, IAA-overproducing tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants, during a phase of growth when the level of endogenous IAA was stable. Based on the rate of disappearance of [13C6]IAA, the half-life of the IAA pool was calculated to be 1.1 h in wild-type protoplasts and 0.8 h in protoplasts from the IAA-overproducing line, corresponding to metabolic rates of 59 and 160 pg IAA (μg Chl)−1 h−1, respectively. The rate of conversion of tryptophan to IAA was 15 pg IAA (μg Chl)−1 h−1 in wild-type protoplasts and 101 pg IAA (μg Chl)−1 h−1 in protoplasts from IAA-overproducing plants. In both instances, IAA was metabolised more rapidly than it was synthesised from tryptophan. As the endogenous IAA pools were in a steady state, these findings indicate that IAA biosynthesis via the tryptophan-independent pathway was 44 pg IAA (μg Chl)−1 h−1 and 59 pg IAA (μg Chl)−1 h−1, respectively, in the wild-type and transformed protoplast preparations. In a parallel study with apical shoot tissue, the presumed site of IAA biosynthesis, the rate of tryptophan-dependent IAA biosynthesis exceeded the rate of metabolism of [13C6]IAA despite the steady state of the endogenous IAA pool. The most likely explanation for this anomaly is that, unlike the protoplast system, injection of substrates into the apical tissues did not result in uniform distribution of label, and that at least some of the [2H5]tryptophan was metabolised in compartments not normally active in IAA biosynthesis. This demonstrates the importance of using experimental systems where labelling of the precursor pool can be strictly controlled.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250000338
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decarboxylative metabolism of [1′-14C]indole-3-acetic acid by tomato pericarp discs during ripening (1994)
    Springer
    Planta 193 (1994), S. 508-513 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Ethylene and fruit ripening ; Fruit ripening ; Indole-3-acetic acid (decarboxylative catabolism) ; Lycopersicon (auxin metabolism) ; Peroxidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The rate of decarboxylation of [1′-14C]indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) infiltrated into tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) pericarp discs was much more rapid in green than in breaker and pink tissues. Studies were carried out in order to determine whether the decarboxylative catabolism occurring in the green pericarp discs was associated with ripening or was a consequence of wound-induced peroxidase activity and/or ethylene production. After a 2-h lag, the decarboxylative capacity of the green pericarp discs increased exponentially during a 24-h incubation period. This increase was accompanied by increases in IAA-oxidase activity in cell-free preparations from the intercellular space and cut surface of the discs. Although higher IAA-oxidase activity was detected in extracts from the tissue residue, which comprises mainly intracellular peroxidases, this activity did not increase during the 24-h incubation period. Analysis of the cell-free preparations by isoelectric focusing revealed the major component in all samples was a highly anionic peroxidase (pI=3.5) the levels of which did not increase during incubation. However, the intercellular and cut-surface preparations contained additional anionic and cationic peroxidases which increased in parallel with the increases in both the IAA-oxidase activity of the preparations and the decarboxylative capacity of the green pericarp discs from which they were derived. Treatment of green discs with the ethylene-biosynthesis inhibitors aminooxyacetic acid and CoCl2, inhibited the development of an enhanced capacity to decarboxylate [1′-14C]IAA but the inhibition was not counteracted by exogenous ethylene. Another ethylene-biosynthesis inhibitor, aminoethoxyvinyl glycine, also reduced ethylene levels but did not affect IAA decarboxylation, indicating that the decarboxylation was not a consequence of wound-induced ethylene production. The data obtained thus demonstrate that the enhanced capacity to decarboxylate [1′-14C]IAA that develops in green tomato pericarp discs following excision is not associated with ripening but instead is attributable to a wound-induced increase in anionic and cationic peroxidase activity in the intercellular fluid and at the cut surface of the excised tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02411555
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of gibberellin-like substances in light-and dark-grown seedlings of Phaseolus multiflorus (1968)
    Springer
    Planta 83 (1968), S. 207-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Lettuce and barley endosperm bioassays of successive eluates from a phosphate-buffered celite column detected two gibberellin-like compunds, Phaseolus I and Phaseolus II, in extracts of both light-and dark-grown seedlings of Phaseolus multiforus. There were differences in the gibberellin content of light-and dark-grown seedlings, the former containing more Phaseolus I but less Phaseolus II than the latter. An examination of the gibberellin content of leaves and apical buds, stems, cotyledons, and roots of light-and dark-grown seedlings revealed distinct qualitative and quantitative differences in the distribution of Phaseolus I and Phaseolus II.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385024
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of [1,2-3H]gibberellin A4 by epicotyls and cell-free preparations from Phaseolus coccineus L. seedlings (1989)
    Springer
    Planta 178 (1989), S. 267-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Gibberellin metabolism (in vitro, in vivo) ; Gibberellin transport ; Leguminosae ; Phaseolus (gibberellin metabolism) ; Seedling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cell-free systems were prepared from germinating seed and seedlings of Phaseolus coccineus. Gibberellin A4 (GA4)-metabolising activity was detected in vitro using preparations from roots, shoots and cotyledons of germinating seed, but only up to 24 h after imbibition. Cell-free preparations from cotyledons converted [3H]GA4 to GA1, GA34, GA4-glucosyl ester and a putative O-glucoside of GA34, and, in addition converted [3H]GA1 to GA8. Preparations from embryo tissues contained 2β-hydroxylase activity, converting [3H]GA4 to GA34 and [3H]GA1 to GA8. The presence of GA-metabolising enzymes was also indicated by in-vivo feeds of [3H]GA4 to epicotyls of intact 4-d-old seedlings, which resulted in the accumulation of GA1, GA8, GA3-3-O-glucoside, GA4-glucosyl ester, GA8-2-O-glucoside and a putative O-glucoside of GA34. Gibberellin A1 was the first metabolite detected, 15 min after application of [3H]GA4, but after 24 h most of the label was associated with GA8-2-O-glucoside. Over 90% of the recovered radioactivity was found in the shoot. Within the shoot, movement was preferentially acropetal, and was not dependent upon metabolism of the applied [3H]GA4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393203
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of light on the gibberellin metabolism and growth of Phaseolus coccineus seedlings (1975)
    Springer
    Planta 126 (1975), S. 83-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Light inhibits the rate of stem elongation of Phaseolus coccineus L. seedlings. Gibberellin A4 (GA4), an endogenous component of Phaseolus seedlings (Bowen et al., Phytochem. 12, 2935–2941, 1973) promotes stem growth in the light but not in darkness. Dark-grown seedlings contain larger GA pools than light-grown plants. Apically applied [3H]GA4 in etiolated bolised more extensively in the light. The slower rate of metabolism of [3H]GA4 in etiolated seedlings is not a consequence of isotopic dilution by the endogenous GA4 pool or a lack of penetration of the labelled material. While it can be concluded that the capacity of seedlings to metabolise [3H]GA4 is greater in the light than in darkness, it does not necessarily follow that there is a more rapid rate of turnover of endogenous GA4 in light-grown tissues. The results are discussed in relation to the involvement of GAs in the inhibitory effects of ligh on stem elongation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389362
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