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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular marker analysis of kernel size and shape in bread wheat (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 122 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The economic value of wheat grain is determined by the kernel morphology which is an important parameter for manufacturing different food products requiring specific grain characteristics. Although kernel size and shape have emerged as important breeding objectives, not much information is available about the number or location of associated gene(s)/quantitative trait loci. In the present study, a recombinant inbred line population of 106 plants (F7) was phenotyped for four traits, namely kernel length, width, weight and factor form density (FFD) and genotyped with different polymerase chain reaction-based markers. Transgressive segregants were observed for all the traits and genetic correlation studies showed positive correlations between the majority of the traits. The number of markers associated with each trait ranged from two to nine and the phenotypic contribution by an individual marker ranged from 3.3 to 16.6%. Many of the markers showed linkage to more than one trait. Strategies for improving the wheat grain quality traits and the utility of such markers in marker-assisted selection (MAS) efforts are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00896.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytogenetics of Brassica juncea×Brassica rapa hybrids and patterns of variation in the hybrid derivatives (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Interspecific hybridization is an important tool to elucidate intergenomic relationships, transfer characters across species and develop synthetic amphidiploids, and it has been widely applied for improving Brassicas. The objective of the present study was to create genetic variability in Brassica through interspecific hybridization. Crosses between Brassica juncea (AABB, 2n= 36), and Brassica rapa (AA, 2n = 20) vars toria, yellow sarson, and brown sarson were attempted, and the hybrid derivatives were advanced to the F4 generation. Hybrids were obtained from the crosses B. juncea× toria and B. juncea× yellow sarson. The F1 plants were vigorous and intermediate to the parents in many morphological traits. The meiotic study of AAB hybrids showed 10 II + 8 I in the majority (71.8%) of cells analysed. A maximum of 12 and a minimum of seven bivalents were also observed in a few cells. The occurrence of multivalent associations (trivalents to pentavalents) at diakinesis/metaphase I and a bridge-fragment configuration at anaphase I were attributed to homoeology between A and B genomes. A high percentage of plants resembling B. juncea was observed in the F2 generation. Transgressive segregation in both directions was found for plant height, primary branches, main raceme length, siliquae on main raceme, siliqua intensity, seeds per siliqua and seed yield. There were significant differences for the 14 characters in the F4 derivatives. Moderate to high estimates of phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation, broad-sense heritability, and expected genetic advance were found for seed yield, 1000-seed weight, siliquae per plant, seeds per siliqua and days to flowering. Intergenomic recombination, reflected as wide variation in the hybrid progenies, permitted the selection of some useful derivatives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00715.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feasibility of breeding male-sterile populations for use in developing interpopulation hybrids of pearl millet (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 119 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Inter-population hybrids of pearl millet, Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br., have a substantial grain yield advantage over open-pollinated varieties that makes them an appropriate and economically viable proposition for many African agricultural situations, provided that stable male-sterile populations can be developed for use as seed parents. The objective of this research was to examine the feasibility of breeding stable male-sterile populations, using the d2 dwarf version of Nigerian Composite NCD2 and the A4 cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility system as a test case. Results showed that two cycles of recurrent selection for sterility maintenance ability led to the development of a fully effective maintainer version of NCD2. There was no significant difference between the original C0 cycle bulk and the C3 cycle bulk (developed from the third and final cycle of recurrent selection) for grain yield and other agronomic traits. The male-sterile population at the third backcross stage, developed from the maintainer version of NCD2, had as high a level of stable male sterility as the A1 system commercial inbred male-sterile line 841A1. Thus, it is concluded that with the use of the A4 cytoplasmic male-sterile system, it would be possible rapidly to develop a maintainer version of any population without detrimental effects on grain yield and agronomic traits. Male sterility of populations developed from these maintainers will be highly stable, paving the way for their effective utilization as seed parents in breeding inter-population hybrids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00505.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Struggling with the Meaning(s) and Measures of “Success” (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 38 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2000.tb02696.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Release of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 by a human alveolar epithelial cell line in response to Mycobacterium avium (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 29 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Clinical strains of Mycobacterium avium isolated from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, but not a non-clinical laboratory strain (ATCC 25291), were found to stimulate the human alveolar epithelial cell line A549, to produce monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1. A549 cells were also found to produce elevated levels of MCP-1 in response to sonicates of the clinical strains of M. avium, and surprisingly, the non-clinical strain as well. However, sonic extracts of the clinical strains were found to induce significantly higher levels of MCP-1 production compared to extracts of the non-clinical strain (P〈0.001). These data suggest the existence of strain-related differences in antigen expression by M. avium. The clinical and non-clinical strains of M. avium were found to attach and invade, but not replicate in A549 cells indicating that MCP-1 production by A549 cells does require the presence of viable, replicating organisms. Activation of alveolar epithelial cells by exposure to M. avium resulting in the production of chemokines which recruit inflammatory cells to the site of infection may be an important regulatory pathway for the activation of pulmonary host defense.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2000.tb01497.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of immunodominant epitope of F1 antigen of Yersinia pestis (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The F1 antigen of Yersinia pestis has been identified as one of the major protective antigens of this bacterium. The present study aims to delineate major and minor antigenic sites of F1 antigen. Using algorithmic predictions, five peptide sequences (P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5) spanning the C-terminal region were identified and synthesized. Antibodies were generated in mice against the peptides, native F1 protein and polymerized F1 antigen using liposomes as mode of immunization. Cross-reactivity between F1 antigen and peptides was tested using both solid and solution phase assays. Similar assays were done with rabbit anti-F1 sera. Competitive inhibition assays using a different combination of antisera and competing antigen identified P2 peptide FFVRSIGSKGGKLAAGKYTDAVTV (142–165) as the immunodominant sequence. The results indicate that this sequence appears to be exposed on the surface of F1 molecule. In a solid phase binding assay, P2 peptide was recognized even at high F1 antisera dilution. However, when antisera raised to different peptides were tested for binding to F1 antigen, antisera to P4 peptide showed maximal immunoreactivity. This implies more accessibility of this region during immobilization on solid surface. There was consistency in the results obtained for different strains of mice as well as for the rabbit antisera. Such a sequence of F1 antigen, which is recognized widely in animals of different genetic background, would be useful for diagnosis and subunit vaccine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2000.tb01426.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a novel quadruple auxotrophic host transformation system by argB gene disruption using adeA gene and exploiting adenine auxotrophy in Aspergillus oryzae (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 239 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We previously designed a triple auxotrophic host-vector system in Aspergillus oryzae by isolating red-colored adenine auxotrophic mutants upon UV mutagenesis of a double auxotrophic host (niaD−sC−). In the present study an effort to exploit this system and construct a novel quadruple auxotrophic host was made by disrupting the argB gene involved in arginine biosynthesis. The argB gene-disruption cassette was generated by fusion PCR, which required only two steps of PCR to insert the selectable marker, adeA, into the target argB gene. The chimeric DNA fragment was transformed into the triple auxotrophic strain (niaD−sC−adeA−) and the argB disruptants were obtained with a high rate of efficiency (approximately 40%). The argB disruptants were characterized by normal colony color and reversal of arginine auxotrophy by introduction of the wild-type argB gene. Quadruple auxotrophic strains (niaD−sC−ΔargB adeA− or niaD−sC−ΔargB adeB−) were subsequently isolated upon UV mutagenesis of the triple auxotrophic strain (niaD−sC−ΔargB) followed by screening of red-colored colonies for adenine auxotrophy. The results obtained showed that the adeA gene served as an efficient selection marker in developing a novel host-vector system with quadruple auxotrophy in A. oryzae, thus providing a powerful tool to breed multiple auxotrophic mutants from a deuteromycete wherein sexual crossing is impossible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2004.08.025
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell mediated immune response elicited in mice after immunization with the P64k meningococcal protein: epitope mapping (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 42 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The P64k protein of Neisseria meningitidis has been reported as an immunological carrier for weak immunogens. This investigation was aimed at characterizing the T-cell response produced in primed mice and at identifying T helper cell epitopes within this molecule. BALB/c mice subcutaneously immunized with the recombinant antigen provided inguinal lymph node cells (LNC) that proliferated in the presence of P64k in a dose-dependent manner. Proliferating cells secreted IL-4 while the concentration of IL-12 remained unaltered in the culture supernatant. By testing a panel of 59 overlapping synthetic peptides spanning the entire sequence of the antigen a T-cell determinant was localized. Prime-boost and lymphoproliferation experiments, conducted with highly purified synthetic peptides, confirmed that the segment including amino acids 470–485 comprises a T-cell epitope within the P64k molecule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsim.2004.05.007
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of a chemotactic, MCP-1-like protein from Mycobacterium avium (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 33 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In the immunocompetent host, Mycobacterium avium is responsible for chronic localized pulmonary disease, which is characterized by the presence of increased numbers of activated T cells and macrophages in the lungs. M. avium organisms as well as sonic extracts of M. avium were found to act as chemoattractants for THP-1 cells as well as monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages and alveolar macrophages obtained from normal human donors in an in vitro chemotaxis assay, where a significantly higher number of cells were found in wells containing M. avium compared to control wells. Proteolytic treatment of M. avium sonicate resulted in significant loss (50%) of chemotactic activity. Monoclonal antibodies against recombinant human monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were found to cross-react with a 34-kDa protein of M. avium sonicate on Western blot and inhibit M. avium sonicate-mediated chemotaxis of THP-1 cells (47%). These data suggest the presence of an ‘MCP-1 like’ molecule on M. avium. Recruitment of host immune regulatory cells to the site of infection by pathogens may be involved in generating a local immune response or may be a bacterial strategy for survival within the host by recruiting the cells that they infect, i.e. macrophages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2002.tb00580.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and sequence analysis of cnaA gene encoding the catalytic subunit of calcineurin from Aspergillus oryzae (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 204 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Calcineurin has been implicated in ion-homeostasis, stress adaptation in yeast and for hyphal growth in filamentous fungi. Genomic DNA and cDNA encoding the catalytic subunit of calcineurin (cnaA) were isolated from Aspergillus oryzae. The cnaA open reading frame extended to 1727 bp and encoded a putative protein of 514 amino acids. Comparative analysis of the nucleotide sequence of cnaA genomic DNA and cDNA confirmed the presence of three introns and a highly conserved calmodulin binding domain. The deduced amino acid sequence was homologous to calcineurin A from Aspergillus nidulans (92%), Neurospora crassa (84%), human (67%), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (58%) and Schizosaccharomyces pombe (54%). Further, A. oryzae cnaA cDNA complemented S. cerevisiae calcineurin disruptant strain (Δcmp1Δcmp2), which was not viable in the presence of high concentrations of NaCl (1.2 M) and at alkaline pH 8.5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10881.x
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