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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relative occurrence of hexagonal and rhombohedral structures in ZnS single crystals (1972)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 28 (1972), S. 36-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Besides the three-layered cubic (3C) and two-layered hexagonal (2H) forms, ZnS crystallizes into a number of hexagonal and rhombohedral polytypes. The polytypes of zinc sulphide are considered to generate during the 2H–3C structural transformation around axial screw dislocations with various Burgers vector strengths. By consideration of energies involved in producing axial screw dislocations, it has been pointed out that the growth of rhombohedral polytypes alone is favoured at the limit of higher unit-cell height and the growth of both the hexagonal and rhombohedral polytypes at the limit of lower height. The possibility of the relative occurrence of the hexagonal and rhombohedral polytypes, with the same unit-cell heights but with different stacking modes of ZnS double layers, has also been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0567739472000087
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The polytypic growth in zinc sulphide crystals (1971)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 27 (1971), S. 206-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Various mechanisms for polytypic growth in zinc sulphide crystals have been discussed. It has been pointed out that the polytypic growth in this compound is the result of the ordering of f.c.c. microtwins along the 〈111〉 directions. A comparison between the structures actually found and those expected from consideration of the periodically repeated f.c.c. type microtwins shows a good agreement. The periodic occurrence of f.c.c. type microtwins has been shown to result from 2H structures containing growth faults only, when faults due to slip at alternate layers and axial screw dislocations operate simultaneously. This mechanism is assumed to operate only at a stage when crystals are growing, and it can successfully predict almost all structures which are actually found in ZnS polytypes. Only a few polytypes (three, 9R, 12R, and 21R, out of more than a hundred) with structures not fitting the above mechanism have been attributed to the insertion of periodic stacking faults in some other polytypes (which are generated in accordance with the proposed mechanism) at a later stage of the crystal growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0567739471000482
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and activity of nickel oxide supported on .gamma.-alumina (1982)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 21 (1982), S. 457-463 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/i100008a025
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility system in pearl millet (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 114 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Among the cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility (CMS) systems reported in pearl millet, Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br., the Am= A4 system produces the highest frequency of male-sterile hybrids. A CMS source identified in a large-seeded gene pool (LSGP) was compared with the A4 system. Seven diverse restorer lines of the A4 system produced hybrids with 81A4 that were all fertile (pollen-shedding score 4 and 68–89% selfed seedset). In contrast, all the hybrids of these inbreds made with the isonuclear line with the LSGP cytoplasm were sterile (pollen-shedding score 1 and 0–3% selfed seedset). Topcross hybrids of four diverse composites made with 81A4 had 10–35% plants that had good fertility (〉 50% selfed seedset). In comparison, no plant of any topcross hybrid with the isonuclear line having LSGP cytoplasm exceeded 20% selfed seedset, and it was rare for a plant to exceed even 10% selfed seedset. These differential fertility restoration patterns of hybrids indicate that the LSGP cytoplasm represents a CMS system that is different from the A4 and, by implication, from all those reported to date. This new CMS system is designated A5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1995.tb00829.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feasibility of breeding male-sterile populations for use in developing interpopulation hybrids of pearl millet (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 119 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Inter-population hybrids of pearl millet, Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br., have a substantial grain yield advantage over open-pollinated varieties that makes them an appropriate and economically viable proposition for many African agricultural situations, provided that stable male-sterile populations can be developed for use as seed parents. The objective of this research was to examine the feasibility of breeding stable male-sterile populations, using the d2 dwarf version of Nigerian Composite NCD2 and the A4 cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility system as a test case. Results showed that two cycles of recurrent selection for sterility maintenance ability led to the development of a fully effective maintainer version of NCD2. There was no significant difference between the original C0 cycle bulk and the C3 cycle bulk (developed from the third and final cycle of recurrent selection) for grain yield and other agronomic traits. The male-sterile population at the third backcross stage, developed from the maintainer version of NCD2, had as high a level of stable male sterility as the A1 system commercial inbred male-sterile line 841A1. Thus, it is concluded that with the use of the A4 cytoplasmic male-sterile system, it would be possible rapidly to develop a maintainer version of any population without detrimental effects on grain yield and agronomic traits. Male sterility of populations developed from these maintainers will be highly stable, paving the way for their effective utilization as seed parents in breeding inter-population hybrids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00505.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability of male-sterile sources and fertility restoration of their hybrids in pearl millet (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 115 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Genetic background has a significant effect on the expression of cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility (CMS) in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.). Therefore, a reliable characterization of CMS sources requires the use of near-isonuclear lines and their hybrids. We used this approach to characterize five CMS sources (A1, A2, A3, Av, and A4). Male sterility of 81A4 was the most stable, followed by 81A1 and 81Av, indicating the relative merits of these CMS sources in breeding stable male-sterile lines. Male-sterile lines 81A2 and 81A3 were highly unstable, indicating their minimal value. Differential male fertility restoration patterns of hybrids made on 81AV and 81A4 suggest that the Av and A4 cytoplasms represent CMS systems that are different from each other and from A1, A2 and A3. An evaluation of topcross hybrids of 15 diverse populations made on 81A1 and 81A4 showed that each population had restorers and maintainers of both cytoplasms and that the frequency of maintainers of A4 was as high as, or higher than, that of the A1 cytoplasm. Thus, use of the A4 cytoplasm can substantially increase the probability of breeding stable male-sterile lines based on inbreds developed from diverse genetic backgrounds, and also provide the opportunity for breeding restorers from each of these diverse genetic sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1996.tb00964.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical solution of moving boundary problem in a finite domain (1998)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 34 (1998), S. 295-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The temperature distribution in two regions and the location of moving interface during freezing in a finite domain is studied numerically. The differential equations governing the process of heat transfer in two regions are converted to initial value problem of vector matrix form. The solution of this initial value problem is utilized iteratively in the interface heat flux equation to determine interface location as well as the temperature distribution in two regions. The whole analysis is presented in a nondimensional form and the results thus obtained are discussed in detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002310050262
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat transfer inside the tissues with a supplying vessel for the case when metabolic heat generation and blood perfusion are temperature dependent (1999)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 35 (1999), S. 345-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The heat transfer within a perfused tissue in the presence of a supplying vessel is considered. Approximate analytical solutions are obtained for the case when the arterial temperature of the perfused blood in the bio-heat transfer equation varies along the direction of the vessel and is equal to the axially varying mixed mean temperature of the blood in the vessel. Smaller diameter vessels (arterioles) are found to be good heat exchanger whereas large arteries are found to be bad exchangers of heat with tissue. The equilibrium length in case of supplying vessel is found to be larger than that of traversing vessel. Equilibrium temperature of the blood for the large arteries is found to be greater than that of traversing vessel, for other smaller size vessels it is found to be almost equal. It is observed that as the blood perfusion increases, decrease in the tissue temperature starts from the reference surface and rapidly moves towards the vessel as we move along the downstream direction of the blood vessel. It is found that variable metabolic heat generation and variable blood perfusion instead of constant metabolic heat generation and constant blood perfusion in the Pennes equation give accurate description about the process of the heat transfer inside the tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002310050334
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of metabolic heat generation and blood perfusion on the heat transfer in the tissues with a blood vessel (1999)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 35 (1999), S. 75-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The heat transfer within a perfused tissue in the presence of a vessel is considered when metabolic heat generation and blood perfusion in the tissue are temperature dependent. The Pennes bio-heat transfer equation is used for the perfused tissue and a lumped capacitance analysis is used for the convection in the vessel with a constant Nusselt number. Approximate analytical solutions are obtained for the case when the arterial temperature of the perfused blood in the bio-heat transfer equation remains constant and is equal to the inlet blood temperature in the vessel. The method of solution is based on the criterion that for any transport problem, the total error over the entire domain of interest which result from introducing an approximate solution into the governing equation must be kept to a minimum. It has been observed that variable metabolic heat generation and variable blood perfusion instead of constant metabolic heat generation and constant blood perfusion in the Pennes equation gives accurate description about the process of the heat transfer inside the tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002310050300
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility in pearl millet: comparative RFLP and transcript analyses of isonuclear male-sterile lines (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 961-968 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility ; Pearl millet ; Pennisetum glaucum ; RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The identification of diagnostic cytoplasmic molecular markers is of prime interest to pearl millet breeders wishing to identify sources of cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility (CMS) which can be used as an alternative to the single source currently used in the production of F1 hybrid seed. Here, we report the classification of five pearl millet CMS sources based on RFLP analysis of isonuclear lines carried out using mitochondrial gene-specific DNA probes in combination with eight restriction endonucleases. On the basis of RFLP data, the five CMS cytoplasms can be distinguished from each other and from the isonuclear fertile cytoplasm. In addition, based on cox1, cox3, atp6 and atp9 polymorphisms, these lines can be classified into two major groups: one corresponds to A5, Aegp, Av and A1 cytoplasms, and the other consists of the A4 cytoplasm. Our results suggest that a rearrangement involving the cox1 gene might be related to CMS in the first group (A5, Aegp, Av and A1), whereas a rearrangement within the atp6/cox3 cluster region might be related to CMS in the second group (A4).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050648
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