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  • 11
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    Influence of blade angle distribution along leading edge on cavitation performance of a centrifugal pump (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-16
    Description: The influence of blade angle distribution along leading edge on cavitation performance of centrifugal pumps is analysed in the present paper. Three sets of blade angle distribution along leading edge for three blade inlet angles are chosen to design nine centrifugal pump impellers. The RNG k- ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/icons/Entities/epsilon.gif] {epsilon} turbulence model and the Zwart-Gerber-Belamri cavitation model are employed to simulate the cavitation flows in centrifugal pumps with different impellers and the same volute. The numerical results are compared with the experimental data, and the comparison proves that the numerical simulation can accurately predict the cavitation performance of centrifugal pumps. On the basis of the numerical simulations, the pump head variations with pump inlet pressure, and the flow details in centrifugal pump are revealed to demonstrate the influence of blade an...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 12
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    A model for 3:2 HFQPO pairs in black hole binaries based on cosmic battery (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-28
    Description: A model for 3:2 high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (HFQPOs) with 3:2 pairs observed in four black hole X-ray binaries (BHXBs) is proposed by invoking the epicyclic resonances with the magnetic connection (MC) between a spinning black hole (BH) with a relativistic accretion disc. It turns out that the MC can be worked out due to Poynting–Robertson cosmic battery, and the 3:2 HFQPO pairs associated with the steep power-law states can be fitted in this model. Furthermore, the severe damping problem in the epicyclic resonance model can be overcome by transferring energy from the BH to the inner disc via the MC process for emitting X-rays with sufficient amplitude and coherence to produce the HFQPOs. In addition, we discuss the important role of the magnetic field in state transition of BHXBs.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 13
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    Solution structure and tandem DNA recognition of the C-terminal effector domain of PmrA from Klebsiella pneumoniae (2014)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-04-03
    Description: Klebsiella pneumoniae PmrA is a polymyxin-resistance-associated response regulator. The C-terminal effector/DNA-binding domain of PmrA (PmrA C ) recognizes tandem imperfect repeat sequences on the promoters of genes to induce antimicrobial peptide resistance after phosphorylation and dimerization of its N-terminal receiver domain (PmrA N ). However, structural information concerning how phosphorylation of the response regulator enhances DNA recognition remains elusive. To gain insights, we determined the nuclear magnetic resonance solution structure of PmrA C and characterized the interactions between PmrA C or BeF 3 – -activated full-length PmrA (PmrA F ) and two DNA sequences from the pbgP promoter of K. pneumoniae . We showed that PmrA C binds to the PmrA box, which was verified to contain two half-sites, 5'-CTTAAT-3' and 5'-CCTAAG-3', in a head-to-tail fashion with much stronger affinity to the first than the second site without cooperativity. The structural basis for the PmrA C –DNA complex was investigated using HADDOCK docking and confirmed by paramagnetic relaxation enhancement. Unlike PmrA C , PmrA F recognizes the two sites simultaneously and specifically. In the PmrA F –DNA complex, PmrA N may maintain an activated homodimeric conformation analogous to that in the free form and the interactions between two PmrA C molecules aid in bending and binding of the DNA duplex for transcription activation.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 14
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    A bio-inspired computing model for ovarian carcinoma classification and oncogene detection (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-03
    Description: Motivation: Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths in women in the western world for 2013. In ovarian cancer, benign tumors turn malignant, but the point of transition is difficult to predict and diagnose. The 5-year survival rate of all types of ovarian cancer is 44%, but this can be improved to 92% if the cancer is found and treated before it spreads beyond the ovary. However, only 15% of all ovarian cancers are found at this early stage. Therefore, the ability to automatically identify and diagnose ovarian cancer precisely and efficiently as the tissue changes from benign to invasive is important for clinical treatment and for increasing the cure rate. This study proposes a new ovarian carcinoma classification model using two algorithms: a novel discretization of food sources for an artificial bee colony (DfABC), and a support vector machine (SVM). For the first time in the literature, oncogene detection using this method is also investigated. Results: A novel bio-inspired computing model and hybrid algorithms combining DfABC and SVM was applied to ovarian carcinoma and oncogene classification. This study used the human ovarian cDNA expression database to collect 41 patient samples and 9600 genes in each pathological stage. Feature selection methods were used to detect and extract 15 notable oncogenes. We then used the DfABC-SVM model to examine these 15 oncogenes, dividing them into eight different classifications according to their gene expressions of various pathological stages. The average accuracyof the eight classification experiments was 94.76%. This research also found some oncogenes that had not been discovered or indicated in previous scientific studies. The main contribution of this research is the proof that these newly discovered oncogenes are highly related to ovarian or other cancers. Availability and implementation: http://mht.mis.nchu.edu.tw/moodle/course/view.php?id=7 Contact: mychen@nutc.edu.tw
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 15
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    Cavitation performance and flow characteristic in a centrifugal pump with inlet guide vanes (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-16
    Description: The influence of prewhirl regulation by inlet guide vanes (IGVs) on cavitation performance and flow characteristic in a centrifugal pump is investigated. At the impeller inlet, the streamlines are regulated by the IGVs, and the axial velocity distribution is also influenced by the IGVs. Due to the total pressure loss on the IGVs, the cavitation performance of the centrifugal pump degrades. The cavitation area in impeller with IGVs is larger than one without IGVs. The specify values of total pressure loss between the suction pipe inlet and impeller inlet for three cavitation conditions show that the IGVs will generate additional pressure loss, which is related to the IGVs angles and cavitation conditions.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 16
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    Elf3 drives β-catenin transactivation and associates with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (2014)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-05-30
    Description: Elf3 drives β-catenin transactivation and associates with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer Cell Death and Disease 5, e1263 (May 2014). doi:10.1038/cddis.2014.206 Authors: J-L Wang, Z-F Chen, H-M Chen, M-Y Wang, X Kong, Y-C Wang, T-T Sun, J Hong, W Zou, J Xu & J-Y Fang
    Keywords: Elf3β-catenintransactivationcolorectal cancerprognosis
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4889
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 17
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    Numerical simulation of plunger valve of colliding energy dissipation in the condition of low backpressure and high pressure difference (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-31
    Description: The plunger valve of colliding energy dissipation is one of the important parts in pipeline system. In the operation condition of low backpressure and high pressure difference, cavitation phenomenon is easy to come into being, which may result in noise and vibration and even lead to damage to valve. This article aims to decrease and even eliminate the cavitation phenomenon in plunger valve which may occur in this operation condition. Mathematical models including basic control equation, standard k-ε model, equation model of fluid, cavitation model and so on, are used to calculate flow field. Then, the physical model of plunger valve of colliding energy dissipation is built and numerical simulation study on valve’s inside flow is conducted in using software on the view of hydraulics. The physical model of plunger valve is built by using Pro/E, ICEM CFD and finally simulation is carried out by using Pumplinx software. Two calculations are performed in this study. One is calculatio...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 18
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    Numerical study on extracting energy efficiency by autorotation of elliptic cylinder from low velocity flow (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-31
    Description: A new concept of power generator using autorotation of elliptic cylinder to extract energy from fluid is proposed in the present study. Numerical simulation studies Fluid-Structure Interaction of the fixed-axis autorotation of rigid elliptic cylinder using a coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) – Rigid Body Dynamics (RBD) solver. This solver requires no solid mesh to setup FSI (Fluid Structure Interaction) simulation. Based on solving two-dimensional unsteady incompressible N-S equations and SST k - ω turbulent governing equations, the power generator of elliptic cylinder was investigated in different axis rations, eccentric distance ratios and Reynolds number conditions. Numerical results reveal that autorotation of elliptic cylinder can achieve energy extraction. With optimal parameters, the power generator can reach maximum energy extraction efficiency of 34%. The investigation results provided fundamental support for utilization of ocean current energy.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 19
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    Activation of beta-catenin in dendritic cells regulates immunity versus tolerance in the intestine (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-08-14
    Description: Dendritic cells (DCs) play a vital role in initiating robust immunity against pathogens as well as maintaining immunological tolerance to self antigens. However, the intracellular signaling networks that program DCs to become tolerogenic remain unknown. We report here that the Wnt-beta-catenin signaling in intestinal dendritic cells regulates the balance between inflammatory versus regulatory responses in the gut. beta-catenin in intestinal dendritic cells was required for the expression of anti-inflammatory mediators such as retinoic acid-metabolizing enzymes, interleukin-10, and transforming growth factor-beta, and the stimulation of regulatory T cell induction while suppressing inflammatory effector T cells. Furthermore, ablation of beta-catenin expression in DCs enhanced inflammatory responses and disease in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, beta-catenin signaling programs DCs to a tolerogenic state, limiting the inflammatory response.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3732486/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3732486/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Manicassamy, Santhakumar -- Reizis, Boris -- Ravindran, Rajesh -- Nakaya, Helder -- Salazar-Gonzalez, Rosa Maria -- Wang, Yi-Chong -- Pulendran, Bali -- HHSN266 200700006C/PHS HHS/ -- N01 AI50019/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- N01 AI50025/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI048638/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI056499/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK057665/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01DK057665,/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI048638/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK057665/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37AI48638,/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI057266/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19AI057266,/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI057157/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54AI057157/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Aug 13;329(5993):849-53. doi: 10.1126/science.1188510.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Emory Vaccine Center, and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20705860" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Dendritic Cells/*immunology/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Inflammation ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/*immunology ; Intestinal Mucosa/cytology/*immunology/metabolism ; Macrophages/immunology/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; *Self Tolerance ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/cytology/*immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/*immunology ; Tretinoin/metabolism ; Wnt Proteins/metabolism ; beta Catenin/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 20
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    Ubiquitin-specific protease USP34 controls osteogenic differentiation and bone formation by regulating BMP2 signaling (2018)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈p〉The osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is governed by multiple mechanisms. Growing evidence indicates that ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation is critical for the differentiation of MSCs and bone formation; however, the function of ubiquitin-specific proteases, the largest subfamily of deubiquitylases, remains unclear. Here, we identify USP34 as a previously unknown regulator of osteogenesis. The expression of USP34 in human MSCs increases after osteogenic induction while depletion of USP34 inhibits osteogenic differentiation. Conditional knockout of Usp34 from MSCs or pre-osteoblasts leads to low bone mass in mice. Deletion of Usp34 also blunts BMP2-induced responses and impairs bone regeneration. Mechanically, we demonstrate that USP34 stabilizes both Smad1 and RUNX2 and that depletion of Smurf1 restores the osteogenic potential of Usp34-deficient MSCs 〈i〉in vitro〈/i〉. Taken together, our data indicate that USP34 is required for osteogenic differentiation and bone formation.〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 0261-4189
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2075
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature on behalf of The European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO).
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