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  • 1975-1979  (14)
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 17 (1979), S. 3-14 
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract For a ground-level continuous release of a trace substance like 222Rn, for which the vertical profile of concentrations is exponential, a quantity, ‘equivalent mixing height’ h, is defined in this paper in the following way. If the substance were to be redistributed uniformly through a layer such that the concentration were to be equal to that at the surface, then the top of the layer would be h. Relative values of h can be obtained from surface measurements of Radon concentrations, but absolute values require estimates of the vertical fluxes of Radon. A comparison is given of the estimates of h obtained from surface measurements with estimates derived from the vertical profile of Radon from the surface to 100 m. Practical methods are proposed for estimating the surface flux of Rn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 15 (1978), S. 147-162 
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume L'avion de recherche français équipé par l'Institut National d'Astronomie et Géophysique est utilisé pour l'étude de la structure turbulente de la couche limite planétaire. On présente l'analyse des paramètres thermodynamiques acquis pour une description quantitative des caractéristiques turbulentes (moments successifs) et un estimation de la répartition verticale des transferts verticaux (flux de chaleur sensible et latente). Les méthodes présentées sont appliquées à une premiére campagne de mesures réalisée sur la région toulousaine (polyculture) et sur la forêt landaise (Sud-ouest de la France). Les flux verticaux sont calculés dans la bande de longueur d'onde entre 10 m et environ 5 km. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence l'importance de l'entraînement. Dans le cas de la chaleur sensible, il conduit à une inversion du profil du flux. L'interprétation de la répartition verticale des flux, en particulier dans le cas de la chaleur latente, est compliquée par la variation diurne et l'advection. Les moments du troisième ordre des paramètres de base sont analysés dans le cas d'un vol où chaque niveau a été exploré deux fois successivement. La dissymétrie est maximale pour la vitesse verticale au milieu de la couche limite, sous l'effet de l'instabilité thermique. Pour la température et l'eau la principale source de dissymétrie est au niveau de la couche stable. Pour la température on observe au voisinage du sol une dissymétrie positive due aux inhomogénéités de température qui sont à l'origine de l'instabilité.
    Notes: Abstract The French research aircraft equipped by the Institut National d'Astronomie et de Géophysique has been used to study turbulence in the planetary boundary layer. We present data analysis based on a quantitative description of the turbulence (successive moments) and on estimates of the vertical profiles of sensible and latent heat flux. The methods are applied first to measurements made in the surroundings of Toulouse (polyculture) and then in the Landes forest (south-west France). The vertical fluxes are calculated in the wavelength band between 10 m and about 5 km. The results show the importance of entrainment. In the case of sensible heat, entrainment leads to an inversion of the flux profile. The interpretation of the vertical flux variation, particularly in the case of latent heat, is complicated by the diurnal variation and by advection. The moments of the third order of the basic parameters are analysed in the case of one flight where each level has been explored twice. The vertical wind component skewness is a maximum in the middle of the boundary layer because of thermal instability. For humidity and temperature, the skewness originates mainly at the stable layer level. As for temperature, we can observe a positive value of skewness near the ground due to the lack of temperature homogeneity, which is responsible for the instability.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die radikalische Copolymerisation von Methylmethacrylat (MMA) und Allylmethacrylat (AMA) wurde studiert. Die Reaktionen wurden mit Azoisobutyronitril (AIBN) in Anwesenheit von ZnCl2 initiiert. Mit zunehmender ZnCl2-Konzentration nimmt die Copolymerisationsgeschwindigkeit zu, und die Copolymerisationsparameter bleiben nicht konstant. MMA und AMA bilden EDA-Komplexe mit ZnCl2. Diese Komplexbildung erklärt unsere Ergebnisse.
    Notes: Radical copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA)-allyl methacrylate (AMA) in the presence of zinc chloride, using azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator has been carried out. The copolymerization rate increases with the concentration of ZnCl2 and the reactivity ratios are modified by the concentration of ZnCl2 which is explained by the different tendency towards the formation of complexes between MMA and AMA with ZnCl2.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 19 (1979), S. 825-828 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Concrete specimens were impregnated with methyl methacrylate and after polymerization in situ, the extraction of polymer was carried out using appropriate solvents. The molecular weight and the stereochemical configuration of extracted polymer were determined by viscosity measurements and NMR spectroscopy respectively. The results obtained are discussed in relation to the increase of glass transition temperature of poly(methyl methacrylate) when the polymer is inside the concrete.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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