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Digitale Medien

Regeneration of garlic callus as affected by clonal variation, plant growth regulators and culture conditions over time (1999)

Myers, J. M. ; Simon, P. W.

Springer

Plant cell reports 19 (1999), S. 32-36

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ISSN: 1432-203X

Schlagwort(e): Key words Allium sativum ; Benzyladenine ; Picloram ; Thidiazuron ; 2 ; 4-D ; 2iP

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Abstract A long-term regeneration system for garlic (Allium sativum L.) clones of diverse origin was developed. Callus was initiated on a modified Gamborg's B-5 medium supplemented with 4.5 μM 2,4-D and maintained on the same basal medium with 4.7 μM picloram+0.49 μM 2iP. Regeneration potential of callus after 5, 12 and 16 months on maintenance medium was measured using several plant growth regulator treatments. The 1.4 μM picloram+13.3 μM BA treatment stimulated the highest rate of shoot production. Regeneration rate decreased as callus age increased, but healthy plantlets from callus cultures up to 16-months-old were produced for all clones. Regeneration of long-term garlic callus cultures could be useful for clonal propagation and transformation.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050706

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Digitale Medien

Continuous callus production and regeneration of garlic (Allium sativum L.) using root segments from shoot tip-derived plantlets (1998)

Myers, J. M. ; Simon, P. W.

Springer

Plant cell reports 17 (1998), S. 726-730

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ISSN: 1432-203X

Schlagwort(e): Key words Garlic ; Allium sativum L. ; Root segments ; Regeneration ; Picloram

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Abstract Root segments from shoot tip-derived plantlets of the garlic (Allium sativum L.) clones `DDR7099', `PI383819', and `Piacenza' were utilized as an explant source for continuous, friable callus production. The best callus production occurred on root segments initially cultured on medium with 4,5 μm 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) for 8 weeks, then subcultured to medium with 4.7 μm 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram) +0.49 μm 6-(γ-γ-dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP) for 8 weeks. Embryogenic, friable callus was transferred to liquid medium for 1 month and then transferred to solid regeneration medium for 14 weeks. The best shoot and root regeneration (85.3% and 35.8%, respectively) occurred on 4-month-old calli from the clone `DDR7099'. In all clones, regeneration rate decreased as callus age increased.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050473

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Digitale Medien

Improving efficiency of breeding for higher crop yield (1993)

Wallace, D. H. ; Baudoin, J. P. ; Beaver, J. ; [weitere]

Springer

Theoretical and applied genetics 86 (1993), S. 27-40

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ISSN: 1432-2242

Schlagwort(e): Yield physiology ; Photoperiod/temperature ; Partitioning ; Harvest index ; Maturity ; Culivar adaptation

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Summary Exclusive selection for yield raises, the harvest index of self-pollinated crops with little or no gain in total bipmass. In addition to selection for yield, it is suggested that efficient breeding for higher yield requires simultaneous selection for yield's three major, genetically controlled physiological components. The following are needed: (1) a superior rate of biomass accumulation. (2) a superior rate of actual yield accumulation in order to acquire a high harvest index, and (3) a time to harvest maturity that is neither shorter nor longer than the duration of the growing season. That duration is provided by the environment, which is the fourth major determinant of yield. Simultaneous selection is required because genetically established interconnections among the three major physiological components cause: (a) a correlation between the harvest index and days to maturity that is usually negative; (b) a correlation between the harvest index and total biomass that is often negative, and (c) a correlation between biomass and days to maturity that is usually positive. All three physiological components and the correlations among them can be quantified by yield system analysis (YSA) of yield trials. An additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) statistical analysis can separate and quantify the genotype × environment interaction (G × E) effect on yield and on each physiological component that is caused by each genotype and by the different environment of each yield trial. The use of yield trials to select parents which have the highest rates of accumulation of both biomass and yield, in addition to selecting for the G × E that is specifically adapted to the site can accelerate advance toward the highest potential yield at each geographical site. Higher yield for many sites will raise average regional yield. Higher yield for multiple regions and continents will raise average yield on a world-wide basis. Genetic and physiological bases for lack of indirect selection for biomass from exclusive selection for yield are explained.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223805

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