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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Physical map of chloroplast DNA in sugi, Cryptomeria japonica (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 86 (1993), S. 166-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Cryptomeria japonica ; Chloroplast DNA ; Physical map ; Evolution of conifers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary To investigate the evolution of conifer species, we constructed a physical map of the chloroplast DNA of sugi, Cryptomeria japonica, with four restriction endonucleases, PstI, SalI, SacI and XhoI. The chloroplast genome of C. japonica was found to be a circular molecule with a total size of approximately 133 kb. This molecule lacked an inverted repeat. Twenty genes were localized on the physical map of C. japonica cpDNA by Southern hybridization. The chloroplast genome structure of C. japonica showed considerable rearrangements of the standard genome type found in vascular plants and differed markedly from that of tobacco. The difference was explicable by one deletion and five inversions. The chloroplast genome of C. japonica differed too from that of the genus Pinus which also lacks one of the inverted repeats. The results indicate that the conifer group originated monophyletically from an ancient lineage, and diverged independently after loss of an inverted repeat structure.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222075
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Molecular phylogeny of Dipterocarpaceae in Southeast Asia using RFLP of PCR-amplified chloroplast genes* (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 22-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Dipterocarpaceae  ;  PCR-RFLP Chloroplast gene  ;  Phylogeny  ;  Southeast Asia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  Dipterocarpaceae is the dominant family of Southeast Asia’s climax tropical rain forest region, and it contains the region’s most important commercial timber species. A molecular phylogeny of the Dipterocarpaceae subfamily Dipterocapoideae was constructed using restriction fragment length polymorphisms of polymerase chain reaction-amplified specific genes in chloroplast DNA. A total of 141 site changes were detected among ten genera and 30 species in 11 different genes: rbcL, psbA, psbD, rpoB, rpoC, petB, atpH, 16S, psaA, petA and trnK. Phylogenetic trees constructed by Wanger parsimony and neighbor-joining methods, using Upuna as the outgroup, displayed five monophytelic groups that included Upuna: HopeaShorea-Parashorea-Neobalanocarpus; Dryobalanops; Dipterocarpus; Anisoptera-Vatica-Cotylelobium; and Upuna. The phylogenetic trees clearly separate species with two different base chromosome numbers: the first group is and the other is The group is thought to be in a synapomorphic character state. Parashorea lucida is a sister to most Shorea species. Neobalanocarpus heimii and Hopea from a clade of a sister to two Shorea species, and Cotylelobium and Vatica are closely related species. Our conclusions agree with a phylogeny derived from wood anatomy data analysis, and with Symington’s and Ashton’s taxonomic classifications.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050242
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sequence-tagged-sites (STSs) of cDNA clones in Cryptomeria japonica and their evaluation as molecular markers in conifers (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 764-772 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Linkage map ; RFLP ; STS ; Conifers ; Cryptomeria japonica ; cDNA ; Polymorphism ; Phylogeny ; Homology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  We have generated 66 sequence-tagged-site (STS) markers from cDNA clones of Cryptomeria japonica, and 60% of them have already been mapped into C. japonica linkage groups. All of the STS markers showed a single fragment following polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. We investigated by polymorphism of these STS markers in a mapped F2 population and 15 plus trees by means of a restriction endonuclease analysis. Polymorphism levels were 10.6% and 22.7% in the F2 population and the 15 plus trees, respectively. PCR amplification levels of the 66 STS markers in 14 conifer species varied depending on their genetic relationship with C. japonica. Taxodium, which is closely related to C. japonica, had the most amplifications (31.82%), followed by Sequoiadendron giganteum, which is of the same family. The average proportion of PCR amplifications in each family gradually declined in the following order: from Taxodiaceae to Cuppresaceae, Sciadopityaceae, Pinaceae, and Taxaceae. These results are in general agreement with a molecular phylogenetic relationship based on chloroplast DNA. The 66 STS markers will be useful as on anchor point for genome mapping and population genetics, and some of them will also be useful when studying other conifers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050476
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Geographical cline of chloroplast DNA variation in Abies mariesii (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 922-926 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Chloroplast DNA ; Abies mariesii ; Intraspecific variation ; Geographical cline
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Where its populations are isolated in higher mountain regions, Abies mariesii is one of the more important conifers of Japan's alpine forest zone. In this study we tried to clarify the genetic variation of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) in A. mariesii. Cones and fresh needles were collected from seven mountain regions. Total DNAs were extracted from individual seedlings, and these were digested by 15 restriction endonucleases. Southern hybridization was then done using cpDNA clones of Cryptomeria japonica and tobacco as probes. CpDNA variation was detected with enzyme-probe combinations: HindIII+pCS10 probe, HindIII+pCS7, and BglII+pCS7 in preliminary screening. These variations were considered to be caused by the same insertion, deletion or inversion. All populations surveyed for the combination HindIII+pCS10 resulted in only two frequency variations in each population. This indicates a gradual cline along latitude and longitude.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224518
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A linkage map for sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) based on RFLP, RAPD, and isozyme loci (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 90 (1995), S. 835-840 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): RFLP ; RAPD ; Linkage map ; Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) ; Three-generation pedigree
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A linkage map for sugi was constructed on the basis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and isozyme loci using a three-generation pedigree prepared for genetic analysis of heartwood color. A total of 128 RFLP (123 cDNA and 5 genomic probes), 33 RAPD, 2 isozyme, and 1 morphological (dwarf) loci segregated in 73 progeny. Of the 164 segregating loci, 145 loci were distributed in 20 linkage groups. Of these loci, 91 with confirmed map positions were assigned to 13 linkage groups, covering a total of 887.3 cM. A clustering of markers with distorted segregation was observed in 6 linkage groups. In the four clusters, distortions with a reduction in the number of homozygotes from one parent only were found.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222019
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Molecular phylogeny of Dipterocarpaceae in Southeast Asia using RFLP of PCR-amplified chloroplast genes (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 22-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Dipterocarpaceae ; PCR-RFLP Chloroplast gene ; Phylogeny ; Southeast Asia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Dipterocarpaceae is the dominant family of Southeast Asia's climax tropical rain forest region, and it contains the region's most important commercial timber species. A molecular phylogeny of the Dipterocarpaceae subfamily Dipterocapoideae was constructed using restriction fragment length polymorphisms of polymerase chain reaction-amplified specific genes in chloroplast DNA. A total of 141 site changes were detected among ten genera and 30 species in 11 different genes: rbcL, psbA, psbD, rpoB, rpoC, petB, atpH, 16S, psaA, petA and trnK. Phylogenetic trees constructed by Wanger parsimony and neighbor-joining methods, using Upuna as the outgroup, displayed five monophytelic groups that included Upuna: HopeaShorea-Parashorea-Neobalanocarpus; Dryobalanops; Dipterocarpus; Anisoptera-Vatica-Cotylelobium; and Upuna. The phylogenetic trees clearly separate species with two different base chromosome numbers: the first group is x=7, and the other is x=11. The x=7 group is thought to be in a synapomorphic character state. Parashorea lucida is a sister to most Shorea species. Neobalanocarpus heimii and Hopea from a clade of a sister to two Shorea species, and Cotylelobium and Vatica are closely related species. Our conclusions agree with a phylogeny derived from wood anatomy data analysis, and with Symington's and Ashton's taxonomic classifications.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225722
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development and polymorphism of microsatellite markers for Fagus crenata and the closely related species, F. japonica (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 11-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Fagus crenata ; Fagus japonica ; Microsatellite ; RAPD ; RAHM ; SSR
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  We have developed microsatellite markers (SSRs) applicable to Fagus crenata using the RAHM method and investigated their polymorphisms. We also applied the SSRs in an analysis of a closely related species, F. japonica. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of nine polymorphic microsatellite markers, of which eight are applicable to both species. Among 30 individuals of each of F. crenata and F. japonica we detected a total of 79 and 77 alleles, respectively, with an average of 9.9 and 8.6 alleles per locus. The mean expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.615 (range: 0.216–0.925) in F. crenata and 0.660 in F. japonica (range: 0.259–0.827). The He values were considerably higher than those previously found for isozymes. Paternity exclusion probabilities for multiple loci, calculated over all loci, were extremely high (0.999 and 0.998 in F. crenata and F. japonica, respectively): sufficiently high to study pollen flow in both species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051203
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    AFLP and CAPS linkage maps of Cryptomeria japonica (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 825-831 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Co-dominant marker ; Dominant marker ; Linkage map ; Sugi
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  We have used two DNA marker systems, AFLP and CAPS, in a two-way pseudo-testcross strategy applied to an F1 population to construct genetic linkage maps of two local sugi cultivars. The AFLP markers detected about eight polymorphisms per parent per primer combination. Using 38 primer combinations, 612 AFLPs were detected in ’Haara 4’ and ’Kumotooshi’, of which 305 segregated in a 1:1 ratio (P〉0.05). A total of 91 markers (83 AFLP and 8 CAPS) in ’Haara 4’ and 132 (123 AFLP and 9 CAPS) in ’Kumotooshi’ were distributed among 19 and 23 linkage groups, respectively, each of which included 2–17 markers. Maps of ’Haara 4’ and ’Kumotooshi’ spanned 1266.1 cM and 1992.3 cM, and covered approximately 50% and 80% of the sugi genome, respectively. Sequences derived from cDNA, which were previously used to construct a sugi linkage map, were also placed on our linkage maps as CAPS markers. Where a ’two-way pseudo-testcross’ is used, more than half of the sugi CAPS developed can be used to construct linkage maps for each parental family. The saturation of mapped markers, and the integration of several linkage maps derived from different mapping populations, is anticipated in the near future.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051358
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diversity and inheritance of inter-simple sequence repeat polymorphisms in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii ) and sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 40-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words RAPD  ;  Repetitive DNA  ;  Genome mapping  ;  Microsatellite DNA  ;  Conifers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  We studied inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymorphism and inheritance in Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] and sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) megagametophytes using primers that anneal to simple repeats of various lengths, sequences, and non-repetitive motifs at the 5′ and ends. Products were visualized on agarose gels with ethidium bromide staining. More than 60% of the 96 primers tested gave interpretable banding patterns in both Douglas-fir and sugi, and the useful primers were in complete agreement among species. Dinucleotide repeat primers were the majority of those tested, and gave all of the useful banding patterns. The 24 best primers were used for segregation studies, yielding a total of 77 loci distributed among two Douglas-fir families and one sugi family. Approximately 90% of the 24 primers showed polymorphism within at least one of the three families. The average number of variable loci per primer was 1.6. Primers based on repeats gave the largest number of polymorphic loci; 16 primer-family combinations yielded 24 segregating loci. However, primer based on repeats gave the most loci per primer studied (mean of 2.0). All markers displayed apparent dominance (band presence vs absence), and all but three segregation ratios (4%) fit Mendelian expectations. Because they employ longer primers than do RAPDs, have a high degree of polymorphism, conform well to Mendelian expectations, and do not require use of acrylamide gels for analysis, ISSRs may be useful markers for PCR-based genome maps and population studies of conifers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222949
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diversity and inheritance of inter-simple sequence repeat polymorphisms in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 40-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): RAPD ; Repetitive DNA ; Genome mapping ; Microsatellite DNA ; Conifers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract We studied inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymorphism and inheritance in Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] and sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) megagametophytes using primers that anneal to simple repeats of various lengths, sequences, and non-repetitive motifs at the 5′ and 3′ ends. Products were visualized on agarose gels with ethidium bromide staining. More than 60% of the 96 primers tested gave interpretable banding patterns in both Douglas-fir and sugi, and the useful primers were in complete agreement among species. Dinucleotide repeat primers were the majority of those tested, and gave all of the useful banding patterns. The 24 best primers were used for segregation studies, yielding a total of 77 loci distributed among two Douglas-fir families and one sugi family. Approximately 90% of the 24 primers showed polymorphism within at least one of the three families. The average number of variable loci per primer was 1.6. Primers based on (AG) n repeats gave the largest number of polymorphic loci; 16 primer-family combinations yielded 24 segregating loci. However, primer based on (GT) n repeats gave the most loci per primer studied (mean of 2.0). All markers displayed apparent dominance (band presence vs absence), and all but three segregation ratios (4%) fit Mendelian expectations: Because they employ longer primers than do RAPDs, have a high degree of polymorphism, conform well to Mendelian expectations, and do not require use of acrylamide gels for analysis, ISSRs may be useful markers for PCR-based genome maps and population studies of conifers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222949
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