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Receptor and betagamma binding sites in the alpha subunit of the retinal G protein transducin (1997)

R. Onrust ; P. Herzmark ; P. Chi ; [et al.]

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

In: Science. 275(5298): 381-4.

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Publication Date: 1997-01-17

Description: Transmembrane receptors for hormones, neurotransmitters, light, and odorants mediate their cellular effects by activating heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins). Crystal structures have revealed contact surfaces between G protein subunits, but not the surfaces or molecular mechanism through which Galphabetagamma responds to activation by transmembrane receptors. Such a surface was identified from the results of testing 100 mutant alpha subunits of the retinal G protein transducin for their ability to interact with rhodopsin. Sites at which alanine substitutions impaired this interaction mapped to two distinct Galpha surfaces: a betagamma-binding surface and a putative receptor-interacting surface. On the basis of these results a mechanism for receptor-catalyzed exchange of guanosine diphosphate for guanosine triphosphate is proposed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Onrust, R -- Herzmark, P -- Chi, P -- Garcia, P D -- Lichtarge, O -- Kingsley, C -- Bourne, H R -- CA-54427/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM-27800/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Jan 17;275(5298):381-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0450, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8994033" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Keywords: Aluminum Compounds/pharmacology ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; COS Cells ; Fluorides/pharmacology ; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/metabolism ; Guanosine Diphosphate/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; *Protein Conformation ; Retinaldehyde/pharmacology ; Rhodopsin/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Rod Cell Outer Segment/metabolism ; Transducin/*chemistry/metabolism

Print ISSN: 0036-8075

Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics

Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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New fossil worms from the Lower Cambrian of the Kinzers Formation, Pennsylvania, with some comments on Burgess Shale-type preservation (1999)

Capdevila, D. Garcia-Bellido ; Morris, S. Conway

Paleontological Society

In: Journal of Paleontology. 1999; 73(3): 394-402. Published 1999 May 01. doi: 10.1017/s0022336000027918.

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Publication Date: 1999-05-01

Description: Two new fossil worms are described from the Lower Cambrian Kinzers Formation of southeast Pennsylvania. Both are unique specimens. Kinzeria crinita new genus and species has a body divided into three regions. The head bears a prominent set of elongate tentacles, presumably employed for feeding. The elongate trunk tapers slightly in a posterior direction. It contains a prominent intestinal tract, the contents of which indicate a deposit feeding habit. The tail is an expanded structure, with either a spatulate or sagittate outline. The mode of life of K. crinita is uncertain, but the animal may have been semi-sedentary. Atalotaenia adela new genus and species is more poorly known, lacking the anterior. The preserved body is vermiform, with external annulations and a rounded posterior. There is a prominent internal strand, consisting of a probable intestine and an associated fibrous unit, possibly representing muscles. This worm may have been infaunal. These discoveries extend further our understanding of the ancient diversity of Laurentian Burgess Shale-type faunas. In common with the Burgess Shale itself and the Sirius Passet fauna (Peary Land, Greenland) the location of fossil-Lagerstätte [see Shields (1998) for a discussion of the terminology of Lagerstätten] of the Kinzers Formation adjacent to a prominent escarpment reinforces earlier evidence of the paleotopography exerting an important control on the distribution of Burgess Shale-type faunas. Whether this is a result of localized faunal abundances or taphonomic control is, however, uncertain.

Print ISSN: 0022-3360

Electronic ISSN: 1937-2337

Topics: Geosciences