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  • 1
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    Information transfer during contingency operations: Emergency air-ground communications (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Safety related problems are reported which occur as a consequence of information transfer deficiencies that arise when air/ground communications are (or should be) used as a resource in inflight emergency situations. The system factors, the human errors, and the associated causes of these problem are defined.
    Keywords: AIR TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY
    Type: Inform. Transfer Probl. in the Aviation System; p 73-83
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    An analytic formulation for heating source memory in the thermospheric composition (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Numerical calculations from a spectral circulation model are utilized to construct an analytic Green's function formulation describing the meridional, time-dependent thermospheric composition and temperature response during magnetic storms. The purpose is to develop a formulation that embodies source memory while being sufficiently simple to serve as a heuristic guide for empirical modeling. By passing from the discrete Fourier series representation, utilized for the numerical circulation model, to a continuous Fourier integral representation, explicit waves are obtained for the thermospheric response times. The response times are altitude and species dependent and can exceed two days below 200 km. Thus, for certain storm scenarios, pronounced source memory signatures for the composition and temperature are predicted. Response times obtained from the formulation are shown to give a response consistent with previously published neutral composition data from AE-C for the February 1974 storm when an ap dependent heat source is employed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; May 1
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Semiempirical modeling of thermospheric magnetic storms (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: An improved formulation for empirical modeling of magnetic storm effects in neutral thermospheric composition and temperature is utilized in a study of two disturbed periods. The formulation, which incorporates the prior history of the heat input rather than a single phase delay, is based on a Fourier integral representation of an existing theoretical model. This results in an improved representation of the detailed time variations and a better carry-over of model parameters from one storm to the other and provides a basis for theoretical interpretation.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; May 1
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Estimation of Kalman filter model parameters from an ensemble of tests (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A methodology for estimating initial mean and covariance parameters in a Kalman filter model from an ensemble of nonidentical tests is presented. In addition, the problem of estimating time constants and process noise levels is addressed. Practical problems such as developing and validating inertial instrument error models from laboratory test data or developing error models of individual phases of a test are generally considered.
    Keywords: ASTRODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Fifth Ann. Flight Mech.(Estimation Theory Symp.; 29 p
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Design considerations for a LORAN-C timing receiver in a hostile signal to noise environment (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The environment in which a LORAN-C Timing Receiver may function effectively depends to a large extent on the techniques utilized to insure that interfering signals within the pass band of the unit are neutralized. The baseline performance manually operated timing receivers is discussed and the basic design considerations and necessary parameters for an automatic unit utilizing today's technology are established. Actual performance data is presented comparing the results obtained from a present generation timing receiver against a new generation microprocessor controlled automatic acquisition receiver. The achievements possible in a wide range of signal to noise situations are demonstrated.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Proc. of the 12th Ann. Precise Time and Time Interval Appl. and Planning Meeting; p 417-443
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Capacitor DPA: Does it do any good? (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Methods of destructive physical analysis (DPA) are suggested which might have more usefulness if the procedures followed lines of accelerated testing. A brief presentation of DPA procedures is followed by a discussion of their value.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Capacitor Technol., Appl. and Reliability; p 125-129
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    The Sacramento Peak fast microphotometer (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The Sacramento Peak Observatory Fast Microphotometer translates an optical system that includes a laser and photodiode detector across the film to scan the Y direction. A stepping motor moves the film gate in the X direction. This arrangement affords high positional accuracy, low noise (0.002 RMS density units), modest speed (5000 points/second), large dynamic range (4.5 density units), high stability (0.005 density units), and low scattered light. The Fast Microphotometer is interfaced to the host computer by a 6502 microprocessor.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 243-254
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    A review of in-flight emergencies in the ASRS data base (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A series of 154 in-flight emergencies as reported to the Aviation Safety Reporting System are described. The various types of emergencies are examined and an attempt is made to determine the human errors and other factors associated with each incident, as well as the measures taken to resolve the emergency. It is concluded that nearly one half of those emergencies reported were related to failure or malfunction of aircraft subsystems. Of all the emergencies, nearly one quarter were associated with power plant failure. Other frequently encountered emergency types are associated with operation in instrument meteorological conditions without appropriate clearance or qualification, and with low fuel state situations. Human error is prominently featured in many of the incidents, appearing in the actions of pilots and air traffic controllers.
    Keywords: AIR TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY
    Type: NASA-CR-166166
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    An investigation of reports of Controlled Flight Toward Terrain (CFTT) (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Some 258 reports from more than 23,000 documents in the files of the Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) were found to be to the hazard of flight into terrain with no prior awareness by the crew of impending disaster. Examination of the reports indicate that human error was a casual factor in 64% of the incidents in which some threat of terrain conflict was experienced. Approximately two-thirds of the human errors were attributed to controllers, the most common discrepancy being a radar vector below the Minimum Vector Altitude (MVA). Errors by pilots were of a much diverse nature and include a few instances of gross deviations from their assigned altitudes. The ground proximity warning system and the minimum safe altitude warning equipment were the initial recovery factor in some 18 serious incidents and were apparently the sole warning in six reported instances which otherwise would most probably have ended in disaster.
    Keywords: AIR TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY
    Type: NASA-CR-166230
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Shuttle STS-2 mission communication systems RF coverage and performance predictions. Volume 1: Ascent (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The RF communications capabilities and nominally expected performance for the ascent phase of the second orbital flight of the shuttle are provided. Predicted performance is given mainly in the form of plots of signal strength versus elapsed mission time for the STDN (downlink) and shuttle orbiter (uplink) receivers for the S-band PM and FM, and UHF systems. Performance of the NAV and landing RF systems is treated for RTLS abort, since in this case the spacecraft will loop around and return to the launch site. NAV and landing RF systems include TACAN, MSBLS, and C-band altimeter. Signal strength plots were produced by a computer program which combines the spacecraft trajectory, antenna patterns, transmit and receive performance characteristics, and system mathematical models. When available, measured spacecraft parameters were used in the predictions; otherwise, specified values were used. Specified ground station parameter values were also used. Thresholds and other criteria on the graphs are explained.
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
    Type: NASA-TM-84853 , JSC-17625-VOL-1 , NAS 1.15:84853
    Format: application/pdf
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