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  • 1
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    Relative abundance of prokaryotic picoplankton populations in the Atlantic Ocean (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Schattenhofer, Martha; Fuchs, Bernhard M; Amann, Rudolf; Zubkov, Mikhail V; Tarran, Glen A; Pernthaler, Jakob (2009): Latitudinal distribution of prokaryotic picoplankton populations in the Atlantic Ocean. Environmental Microbiology, 11(8), 2078-2093, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01929.x
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-23
    Description: Members of the prokaryotic picoplankton are the main drivers of the biogeochemical cycles over large areas of the world's oceans. In order to ascertain changes in picoplankton composition in the euphotic and twilight zones at an ocean basin scale we determined the distribution of 11 marine bacterial and archaeal phyla in three different water layers along a transect across the Atlantic Ocean from South Africa (32.9°S) to the UK (46.4°N) during boreal spring. Depth profiles down to 500 m at 65 stations were analysed by catalysed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD-FISH) and automated epifluorescence microscopy. There was no obvious overall difference in microbial community composition between the surface water layer and the deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) layer. There were, however, significant differences between the two photic water layers and the mesopelagic zone. SAR11 (35 ± 9%) and Prochlorococcus (12 ± 8%) together dominated the surface waters, whereas SAR11 and Crenarchaeota of the marine group I formed equal proportions of the picoplankton community below the DCM (both ~15%). However, due to their small cell sizes Crenarchaeota contributed distinctly less to total microbial biomass than SAR11 in this mesopelagic water layer. Bacteria from the uncultured Chloroflexi-related clade SAR202 occurred preferentially below the DCM (4-6%). Distinct latitudinal distribution patterns were found both in the photic zone and in the mesopelagic waters: in the photic zone, SAR11 was more abundant in the Northern Atlantic Ocean (up to 45%) than in the Southern Atlantic gyre (~25%), the biomass of Prochlorococcus peaked in the tropical Atlantic Ocean, and Bacteroidetes and Gammaproteobacteria bloomed in the nutrient-rich northern temperate waters and in the Benguela upwelling. In mesopelagic waters, higher proportions of SAR202 were present in both central gyre regions, whereas Crenarchaeota were clearly more abundant in the upwelling regions and in higher latitudes. Other phylogenetic groups such as the Planctomycetes, marine group II Euryarchaeota and the uncultured clades SAR406, SAR324 and SAR86 rarely exceeded more than 5% of relative abundance.
    Keywords: Alteromonas/Colwellia, targeted with Alt1413 oligonucleotide FISH-probe; AMT16; AMT16/1; AMT16/11; AMT16/12; AMT16/13; AMT16/14; AMT16/15; AMT16/16; AMT16/17; AMT16/18; AMT16/19; AMT16/2; AMT16/20; AMT16/21; AMT16/22; AMT16/23; AMT16/24; AMT16/25; AMT16/26; AMT16/27; AMT16/28; AMT16/29; AMT16/3; AMT16/30; AMT16/31; AMT16/32; AMT16/33; AMT16/34; AMT16/35; AMT16/37; AMT16/38; AMT16/39; AMT16/4; AMT16/40; AMT16/41; AMT16/42; AMT16/43; AMT16/45; AMT16/46; AMT16/47; AMT16/48; AMT16/49; AMT16/5; AMT16/50; AMT16/51; AMT16/52; AMT16/53; AMT16/54; AMT16/55; AMT16/56; AMT16/57; AMT16/58; AMT16/59; AMT16/6; AMT16/60; AMT16/61; AMT16/62; AMT16/63; AMT16/64; AMT16/65; AMT16/7; AMT16/8; AMT16/9; Bacteria, targed with EUB338(I-III) oligonucleotide FISH-probe; Bacteroidetes, targeted with CF319a oligonucleotide FISH-probe; Benguela Current Coastal Province; Bottle, Niskin; Catalysed reporter deposition-fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD-FISH); Crenarchaeota marine group I, targeted with Cren554 oligonucleotide FISH-probe; D294; D294/1; D294/11; D294/12; D294/13; D294/14; D294/15; D294/16; D294/17; D294/18; D294/19; D294/2; D294/20; D294/21; D294/22; D294/23; D294/24; D294/25; D294/26; D294/27; D294/28; D294/29; D294/3; D294/30; D294/31; D294/32; D294/33; D294/34; D294/35; D294/37; D294/38; D294/39; D294/4; D294/40; D294/41; D294/42; D294/43; D294/45; D294/46; D294/47; D294/48; D294/49; D294/5; D294/50; D294/51; D294/52; D294/53; D294/54; D294/55; D294/56; D294/57; D294/58; D294/59; D294/6; D294/60; D294/61; D294/62; D294/63; D294/64; D294/65; D294/7; D294/8; D294/9; DEPTH, water; Discovery (1962); Epifluorescence microscopy after DAPI staining; Euryarchaeota marine group II, targeted with Eury806 oligonucleotide FISH-probe; Event label; Gammaproteobacteria, targeted with Gam42a oligonucleotide FISH-probe; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; NIS; North Atlantic Gyral Province; Northern Atlantic Drift; Oceanospirillum, targeted with Oce232 oligonucleotide FISH-probe; Planctomycetes, targeted with Pla46 oligonucleotide FISH-probe; Prochlorococcus, targeted with PRO405 oligonucleotide FISH-probe; Prokaryotes; Pseudoalteromonas, targeted with PSA184 oligonucleotide FISH-probe; SAR11 clade, targeted with SAR11-441 oligonucleotide FISH-probe; SAR202 clade, targeted with SAR202-312R oligonucleotide FISH-probe; SAR324 clade, targeted with SAR324-1412 oligonucleotide FISH-probe; SAR406 clade, targeted with SAR406-97 oligonucleotide FISH-probe; SAR86 clade, targeted with SAR86-1245 oligonucleotide FISH-probe; South Atlantic Gyral Province; Vibrio, targeted with GV841 oligonucleotide FISH-probe; western tropical Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3986 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Effects of acute ocean acidification on spatially-diverse polar pelagic foodwebs:Insights from on-deck microcosms (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Tarling, Geraint A; Peck, Victoria L; Ward, Peter; Ensor, N S; Achterberg, Eric Pieter; Tynan, Eithne; Poulton, Alex J; Mitchell, E; Zubkov, Mikhail V (2016): Effects of acute ocean acidification on spatially-diverse polar pelagic foodwebs: Insights from on-deck microcosms. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 127, 75-92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.02.008
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The polar oceans are experiencing some of the largest levels of ocean acidification (OA) resulting from the uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2). Our understanding of the impacts this is having on polar marine communities is mainly derived from studies of single species in laboratory conditions, while the consequences for food web interactions remain largely unknown. This study carried out experimental manipulations of natural pelagic communities at different high latitude sites in both the northern (Nordic Seas) and southern hemispheres (Scotia and Weddell Seas). The aim of this study was to identify more generic responses and greater experimental reproducibility through implementing a series of short term (4 day), multilevel (3 treatment) carbonate chemistry manipulation experiments on unfiltered natural surface ocean communities, including grazing copepods. The experiments were successfully executed at six different sites, covering a diverse range of environmental conditions and differing plankton community compositions. The study identified the interaction between copepods and dinoflagellate cell abundance to be significantly altered by elevated levels of dissolved CO2 (pCO2), with dinoflagellates decreasing relative to ambient conditions across all six experiments. A similar pattern was not observed in any other major phytoplankton group. The patterns indicate that copepods show a stronger preference for dinoflagellates when in elevated pCO2 conditions, demonstrating that changes in food quality and altered grazing selectivity may be a major consequence of ocean acidification. The study also found that transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP) generally increased when pCO2 levels were elevated, but the response was dependent on the exact set of environmental conditions. Bacteria and nannoplankton showed a neutral response to elevated pCO2 and there was no significant relationship between changes in bacterial or nannoplankton abundance and that of TEP concentrations. Overall, the study illustrated that, although some similar responses exist, these contrasting high latitude surface ocean communities are likely to show different responses to the onset of elevated pCO2.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Ammonium; Antarctic; Aragonite saturation state; Arctic; Bacteria; Bacteria, high DNA fluorescence; Bacteria, low DNA fluorescence; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottle number; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon mass; Carbon mass, standard deviation; Ciliates; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Diatoms; Dinoflagellates; E01_271; E03_271; E03_274; E04_271; E04_274; E05_271; Entire community; Event label; EXP; Experiment; Flagellates; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Hydrogen, standard deviation; Hydrogen content; Laboratory experiment; Nanoflagellates; Nanoflagellates, heterotrophic; Nanoflagellates, phototrophic; Nitrate and Nitrite; Nitrogen, standard deviation; Nitrogen mass; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Open ocean; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phosphate; Polar; Salinity; Silicate; Station label; Temperature, water; Time in hours; Transparent exopolymer particles as Gum Xanthan equivalents per volume; Treatment; Type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4975 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Phytoplankton responses and associated carbon cycling during shipboard carbonate chemistry manipulation experiments conducted around Northwest European shelf seas (2014)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The ongoing oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) is significantly altering the carbonate chemistry of seawater, a phenomenon referred to as ocean acidification. Experimental manipulations have been increasingly used to gauge how continued ocean acidification will potentially impact marine ecosystems and their associated biogeochemical cycles in the future; however, results amongst studies, particularly when performed on natural communities, are highly variable, which may reflect community/environment-specific responses or inconsistencies in experimental approach. To investigate the potential for identification of more generic responses and greater experimentally reproducibility, we devised and implemented a series (n = 8) of short-term (2-4 days) multi-level (〉=4 conditions) carbonate chemistry/nutrient manipulation experiments on a range of natural microbial communities sampled in Northwest European shelf seas. Carbonate chemistry manipulations and resulting biological responses were found to be highly reproducible within individual experiments and to a lesser extent between geographically separated experiments. Statistically robust reproducible physiological responses of phytoplankton to increasing pCO2, characterised by a suppression of net growth for small-sized cells (〈10 µm), were observed in the majority of the experiments, irrespective of natural or manipulated nutrient status. Remaining between-experiment variability was potentially linked to initial community structure and/or other site-specific environmental factors. Analysis of carbon cycling within the experiments revealed the expected increased sensitivity of carbonate chemistry to biological processes at higher pCO2 and hence lower buffer capacity. The results thus emphasise how biogeochemical feedbacks may be altered in the future ocean.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chlorophyll a; Ciliates; Coast and continental shelf; Coccospheres; Community composition and diversity; Coulometric titration; D366_E1; D366_E2; D366_E2b; D366_E3; D366_E4; D366_E4b; D366_E5; D366_E5b; Diatoms; Dinoflagellates; Entire community; Event label; EXP; Experiment; Flag; Flagellates; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Identification; Laboratory experiment; Macro-nutrients; Nanoflagellates, heterotrophic; Nitrate; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Open ocean; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phosphate; Photosynthetic efficiency; Plankton; Potentiometric titration; Primary production, carbon assimilation (24 hr.); Primary production/Photosynthesis; Salinity; Silicate; Synechococcus; Temperate; Temperature, water; Time in hours; Treatment; UKOA; United Kingdom Ocean Acidification research programme
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 16897 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
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