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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rubberlike network structure from tensile tests on swollen samples according to Flory's last theory and application to polyurethanes (1990)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 23 (1990), S. 3308-3313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00215a018
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gas transport properties of siloxane polyurethanes (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 57 (1995), S. 421-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Polyurethanes (PUs) were synthesized from toluenediisocyanates (TDIs) and a polymeric diol having polydimethylsiloxane and polyoxyethylene blocks of the ABA type, ended with OH groups. Prepolymers, prepared in toluene solution using ratios [NCO]/[OH] ≥ 2, were crosslinked with triisopropanolamine (TIPA) (ratio [OH]/[NCO] = 1.1) (two-step process). PUs were also obtained with a one-step process using, contemporaneously, TDI, block copolymer, and, as crosslinking agent, TIPA or the glyceride of ε-hydroxyhexanoic acid. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMSO) was prepared as a reference material. The course of the reaction between block copolymer and TDI was studied by differential scanning calorimetry in the absence and presence of benzoyl chloride (BzCl). Without BzCl, with ratios [NCO]/[OH] 〉 2, uncontrolled crosslinking side reactions occur. The properties of the PU films obtained with the two methods were studied both for the density of crosslinking and for gas transport properties. The two-step polymers are less crosslinked than the others and are characterized by higher diffusion coefficients and by higher permeability to gases. The permeability order is 10-9 (N cm3 cm-1 cm-1 cm Hg-1 s-1) for CH4, O2, CO, and N2 and is 10 times higher for CO2. The selectivity for the couple O2/N2 is higher than that obtained with PDMSO films. Considerable selectivities are shown for the couples CO2/N2 and CO2/CO. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070570404
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Blends of polycarbonate with poly(methyl methacrylate): Miscibility, phase continuity, and interfacial adhesion (1992)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 32 (1992), S. 886-893 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) concurrently show that polycarbonate (PC)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blends have a two-phase structure. The differences between the Tgs of parent polymers and the Tgs of conjugate phases, determined by both DMTA and DSC, indicate a limited miscibility of components and allow the approximate composition of conjugate phases to be calculated. The Flory-Huggins interaction parameter calculated by using these data assumes values about 0.035 ± 0.010. Phase inversion occurs in an interval close to the 50/50 composition, though the molar masses and melt viscosities of the polymers were rather different. Partial miscibility of components ensures interfacial adhesion capable of sustaining the stress transfer between phases up to fracture. Yield stress of the blends is very close to values foreseen by the rule of mixtures. A specific feature of the blends studied is that the addition of 10 to 20 vol% of PMMA to PC increases the strain at break and work to fracture, which are rather low for the PC used. The enhanced capability of the blends to absorb mechanical energy is probably linked to plastic deformation of the dispersed PMMA.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760321308
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Grafted polypropylene membranes for purification of water containing sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 379-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The possibility of eliminating sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate (ABS) from water by reverse osmosis was examined by operating with polypropylene membranes grafted with poly(acrylic acid). Flux through the membranes decreases with increasing thickness. For 23μ thickness and 0.5 1./hr-m2 flux, the rejection is 100% (operating pressure, 50 atm: concentration, 1 g ABS/l.). For 5μ thickness the rejection is lower and is related to ABS concentration: rejection increases with increasing concentration and reaches 60% for concentrations higher than 5 g ABS/l. (flux, 51./hr-m2; operating pressure, 50 atm). This is ascribed to the prevailing ultrafiltration as regards the reverse osmosis. ABS, at higher concentrations than the critical value, gives micelles whose dimensions might be compared to pores. The membrane behavior is influenced by previous treatments; when the membrane has been conditioned in NaCl solution, it is more selective and more permeable; the rejection reaches 90% with fluxes of 6.8 l./hr-m2 for concentrations of 5 g ABS/1. (operating pressure, 50 atm). In order to relate the properties to the structure of membranes, we have examined them by electron microscope. The ion exchange which takes place between membrane and NaCl and between membrane and ABS has also been studied.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1974.070180206
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Swelling and diffusion properties from elongation of two-phase polymer membranes (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 3213-3223 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Experimental results were presented dealing with the water permeance and diffusion rate in two-phase membranes consisting of hydrophilic domains of polyacrylic acid chemically bound by grafting to hydrophobic matrices: these are either rigid crystalline (polypropylene) or elastomeric amorphous (EPDM). Permeance is higher in rigid matrices: this is attributed to the wide net of microfractures originated from swelling of the hydrophilic domains whose formation is only possible in the case of a rigid matrix. A calculation method was proposed, which allows the evaluation of the apparent diffusion coefficient of both water and salt, starting from dilatometric measurements of membranes contacted with water and salt water. The apparent diffusion coefficient of water in rigid membranes is of the order of 10-8 cm2 sec-1, whereas in elastomeric membranes it appeared about 100 times lower. The apparent diffusion coefficient of salt is of the order of 10-12 cm2 sec-1 for both rigid-matrix and elastomeric membranes when previously swollen.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1978.070221116
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rubber modification of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)/crosslinked polystyrene semi-interpenetrating polymer networks: morphology and impact behaviour (1993)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 3301-3309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Rubber modification of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO)/crosslinked polystyrene (CPS) semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) was studied using polybutadiene (PB), a linear styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock cocpolymer and a star-shaped SBS multi-block copolymer, at different composition ratios. The materials, obtained by reactive compression moulding of mixtures containing PPO, an elastomer, styrenic monomers and crosslinker (divinylbenzene), show a very high glass transition temperature (Tg), high dimensional stability and good impact properties.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1993.021941208
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Role of structure in transport across membranes (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 5 (1981), S. 179-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Interactions between water and two polymers used in membrane technology which are cellulose acetate (39.8% acetyl content: CA) and poly-trans-2, 5-dimethyl piperazinthiofurazanamide (DMP-TFZ) are presented. Experimental adsorption isotherms are discussed on the basis of BET, Zimn, Flory-Huggins theories. DMP-TFZ shows a lower water cluster formation tendency than CA at low and mean activities. The state of water was studied also by IR: in both the polymers the adsorbed water stretching OH frequencies are shifted to higher values showing weaker H bonds than in water. This can be related to the existence of water in the state of monomer and small size aggregates and favours high mobility. The structure of CA dense films is amorphous to X rays, but a certain amount of crystallinity is revealed by DTA. DMP-TFZ is amorphous to X rays, has a high T and shows high stiffness to mechanical dynamical tests. The suggestion is made that stiff chain polymers which contain hydrophilic groups and which cannot easily crystallize, but can get a close packing, do not allow the formation of big free volume packets across which large size water clusters, able to solvate ions, can move.
    Zusätzliches Material: 21 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1981.020051981111
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Poly(2,6-Dimethyl-1,4-Phenylene oxide)/crosslinked polystyrene semi-interpenetrating networks: Synthesis and properties (1992)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 193 (1992), S. 3129-3137 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Semi-interpenetrating networks (semi-IPN's) based on linear poly(phenylene ether)s and crosslinked polystyrene can be prepared by reactive moulding of crosslinkable polymeric mixtures. These materials show thermomechanical properties which strongly depend on both the ratio of the two polymeric matrices and the degree of crosslinking in the polystyrene network. Samples based on a 50/50 weight ratio of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)/crosslinked polystyrene show glass transition temperatures (Tg) which are very dependent on the degree of crosslinking. It is therefore possible to obtain materials with desired Tg, ranging from the Tg of the corresponding linear blend to that of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) alone.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1992.021931218
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with EPR and EPDM rubber. Effect of solvent and initiator (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 131 (1985), S. 61-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Es wurde die Homopolymerisation und Pfropfcopolymerisation von Methacrylsäuremethylester mit EPR-und EPDM-Kautschuk in mehreren Lösungsmitteln unter Verwendung von Azoisobuttersäuredinitril oder Benzoylperoxid als Initiator untersucht. Unter diesen Bedingungen wächst die Ausbeute der Homo- und Pfropfcopolymeren in der ReihenfolgeCyclohexan 〉 Dekalin 〉 Toluol 〉 BenzolDie Pfropfausbeute ist besonders von der Kautschuk-Konzentration abhängig.
    Notizen: The homopolymerization and graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with EPR and EPDM rubber was studied in a variety of solvents using benzoyl peroxide and azobisisobutyronitrile as initiators. Under the conditions of our experiments the yield of homopolymer and of graft copolymer for the solvents used increased in the ordercyclohexane 〉 decaline 〉 toluene 〉 benzeneThe grafting yield depends particularly on the concentration of the rubber solution. The grafting mechanism is discussed in terms of different initiators (AIBN and Bz2O2).
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1985.051310105
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Morphology of glassy polymers grafted onto polybutadiene in relation to monomer diffusivity and initiator solubility (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 149 (1987), S. 55-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Die Morphologie von mit Vinylchlorid, Methylmethacrylat oder Styrol gepfropftem Polybutadien wurde durch Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie untersucht. Die Morphologie hängt von den Synthesebedingungen ab. Die Löslichkeit der Initiatoren im Monomeren oder in Wasser, die Diffusion der Monomeren im Polybutadien und in der Polymerisationsschicht sind wichtige Einflußgrößen für die Morphologie. Neue experimentelle Daten über Diffusionskoeffizienten der Monomeren in Polybutadien werden mitgeteilt. Für die VC-Diffusion wurde eine besondere Technik angewendet.
    Notizen: The morphology of polybutadiene grafted in emulsion with vinylchloride, methylmethacrylate, styrene, was examined by transmission electron microscopy. The morphology depends on synthesis conditions. Solubility of initiators in the monomers or in water, diffusivity of monomers in the rubber and transfer mechanism during the polymerization were found to be important factors in determining the morphology. New experimental data of diffusion coefficients of the monomers in polybutadiene are given. A special technique was used for liquid VC diffusivity measurements.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1987.051490104
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