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  • Articles  (442)
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  • Articles  (442)
Journal
  • 1
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Fish trypanosomes have traditionally been classified according to the host species from which they were isolated, each isolate being regarded as a distinct species. To test the soundness of this practice, the genetic variabilities of the kinetoplast 12S rRNA-encoding genes of different fish trypanosomes isolates were compared. The DNAs were extracted from trypanosomes cloned from blood samples of 15 donors representing ten different fish species in four orders from waters of three major river systems of Central and Northern Europe. Comparison with other trypanosomatid sequences revealed that the fish trypanosomes form a monophyletic group with Trypanosoma brucei as a sister group. Pairwise comparisons of genetic distances yielded a wide range of continuous variation with no indication of any discontinuities attributable to barriers to gene flow. The genetic distances did not correlate with either the identity of the host species or geography. The host specificity of fish trypanosomes appears to be limited.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 29 (1998), S. 1-21 
    ISSN: 0066-4162
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Trans-species polymorphism (TSP) is the occurrence of similar alleles in related species. Excluding instances in which the similarity arose by convergent evolution, TSP is generated by the passage of alleles from ancestral to descendant species. Closely related, recently diverged species, such as those of the Lake Victoria cichlid flock, may share neutral alleles, but long-lasting TSPs occur only in genetic systems evolving under balancing selection. Two such systems have been studied extensively, the major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) of jawed vertebrates and the self-incompatibility (SI) system of flowering plants. Allelic lineages that diverged many millions of years ago and passed through numerous speciation events have been described in both systems. The lineages may differ at up to 50% of their coding sites, both synonymous and nonsynonymous. The differences arise by the process of incorporation of mutations, which is different from the process of fixation. TSP, on the one hand, complicates phylogenetic analysis, but on the other, it is a useful tool for the study of speciation.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 295 (1982), S. 531-533 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Recently we have developed an assay system for measuring the proliferative response of T cells to antigens presented by allogeneic APCs5. T cells were prepared by nylon wool-column separation of nucleated spleen cells from unprimed mice, and adherent cells obtained from peritoneal washing served as ...
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 281 (1979), S. 603-605 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Table 1 Class I H-2 antigens of wild mice and their progeny Wild No. of Wild No. of mouse progeny Phenotype mouse progeny Phenotype CC27 __ 105,115,117 HGE61 __ 2 2 105, 115, 117 1 2 3 - 3 ___ DF55 - 17,103,118 AU136 - 19 1 17 2 19 1 103,118 4 - WD104 - 9,103,118 KF72 - 2 ...
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 300 (1982), S. 12-13 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IMMUNOLOGY is not exactly noted for its lack of controversies, but the publication of the paper by Steinmetz and his colleagues1 in this issue of Nature (p.35) gives the controversies a new dimension. The authors have cloned a piece of mouse chromosome containing the class II genes of the major ...
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 8 (1979), S. 3-11 
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 9 (1979), S. 105-105 
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 9 (1979), S. 535-550 
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The IA and IE products of B10.S(9R), B10.A, B10.KPB128, and B10.GAA37 were analyzed for primary structural variations by comparative tryptic peptide mapping. The Aα,A β , andE β products of B10.S(9R) and B10.A differed in about 40% of their acid-soluble tryptic peptides, indicating that intra-I-region recombinant strain B10.S(9R) received the genes encoding Aα, Aβ, and Eβ from theH- 2 s parental chromosome rather than fromH- 2 a . The tryptic peptides of Eα chains from B10.S(9R) and B10.A were indistinguishable, suggesting that B10.S(9R) received the gene encoding the Eα chain from theH- 2 a parental chromosome. Consistent with the results of others, these data suggest that the genes encodingA α ,A β and Eβ chains are centromeric to theIJ subregion, while the gene encoding Eβ chains is telomeric toIJ. The I-region products of two congenic lines carrying wild-derivedH- 2 haplotypes on a C57BL/10 background, designated B10.KPB128 and B10.GAA37, are serologically indistinguishable from those of B10.S(9R). The IA and IE products of B10.S(9R) were compared with those of B10.GAA37 and B10.KPB128 to determine the structural similarity of serologically identical products from allopatric populations of wild mice. The Aα,A β , and Eβ products of B10.S(9R) were indistinguishable from those of B10.GAA37 and B10.KPB128 by comparative tryptic peptide mapping. The Eα chains of these three lines differed in one or two of their acid-soluble tryptic peptides. The results indicate that the IA-encoded products of these three lines are structurally very similar and may be identical suggesting that some alleles of the Aα, Aβ, and Eβ chains may be maintained in stable linkage associations in allopatric populations of wild mice. The minor structural variations detected in the Eα chains of these three congenic lines indicate that the Eα chain is encoded by chromosome 17 and suggest that allelic Eα chains exhibit considerably less structural variability than other I-region encoded antigens.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 9 (1979), S. 583-589 
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract By use of radiation chimeras produced between H-2.7+ and H-2.7}- strains, A.SW and A.BY and B10.S(7R) and B10.S(9R), we demonstrate that the H-2.7 antigen can be passively attached to or detached from red blood cells. Thus, genetically H-2.7}- red blood cells derived from H-2.7}- bone marrow cells, gain H-2.7 antigen while maturing in the H-2.7+ host. Similarly, genetically H- 2.7+ red blood cells derived from H-2.7+ bone marrow cells become H-2.7}- while maturing in H-2.7− recipients. This behavior of the H-2.7 antigen is similar to that described for human Chido and Rodgers blood group antigens.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 8 (1979), S. 85-87 
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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