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  • Articles  (414)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water pathways across a reconstituted epithelial barrier formed by caco-2 cells: Effects of medium hypertonicity (1995)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 143 (1995), S. 237-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Cell culture ; Water permeability ; Epithelial barriers ; Medium hypertonicity ; Freeze-fracture ; Rabbit rectum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Caco-2 cells, originated in a human colonic cancer, are currently used as model systems to study transepithelial transports. To further characterize their water permeability properties, clone P1 Caco-2 cells were cultured on permeable supports. At confluence, the transepithelial net water movement (J W), mannitol permeability (P s), and electrical resistance (R) were simultaneously measured. The observed results were correlated with transmission and freeze-fracture electron microscopy studies and compared with those obtained, in similar experimental conditions, in a typical mammalian epithelial barrier: the rabbit rectum. When the serosal solution was made hypertonic (50 mm polyethylene glycol-PEG), the spontaneously observed secretory J w rapidly reversed, became absorptive and then stabilized. Simultaneously, the R values dropped and P s went up. In the case of the rabbit rectal epithelium, a similar treatment did not elicit significant changes in the water permeability during the first 20 min following the osmotic challenge while there was a significant increase in the transepithelial resistance. After exposure to serosal hypertonicity, several morphological modifications developed in the Caco-2 cells: Localized dilations in the intercellular spaces and vacuoles in the cytoplasm appeared. Nevertheless, most cells remained in contact and no evidence of cell shrinking was observed. Simultaneously, the tight-junction structure was more or less disorganized. The filament network lost its sharpness and “omega” figures appeared, bordering the intercellular spaces. In some cases the tight-junction network was completely disrupted. In the case of the rabbit rectum the structural modifications were completely different: Serosal hypertonicity rapidly induced cell shrinking and the opening of the intercellular spaces, with no noticeable change in the tight-junction structure. These results suggest that Caco-2-P1 cell membranes, contrary to the case of the basolateral membrane of rabbit rectal cells, have no water channels and that a paracellular route could play a central role in the water movements across this epithelial barrier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233452
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The RAG cell line defines a new complementation group of MHC class II deficiency (1996)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 43 (1996), S. 352-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We previously described RAG, a mouse adenocarcinoma cell line, as deficient for the induction of major histocompatibility (MHC) class II antigens by IFN-γ, but responding normally for MHC class I antigen stimulation and anti-viral protection. We had established that the fusion of RAG with various human cell lines restored the induction of MHC class II antigens, whenever the human chromosome 16 was present in somatic cell hybrids. Here we show that the RAG cell line does not exhibit any induction by IFN-γ of DMA, DMB, and the invariant chain (Ii) mRNAs, and that the induction is restored in somatic cell hybrids containing human chromosome 16. In order to define the gene (designated F16) affected in the RAG cells, we performed a complementation analysis by fusing RAG with previously described human cell lines defective for MHC class II antigen expression (e. g., BLS cell lines), and which belong to five different complementation groups. Our data show that the resulting somatic cell hybrids present an inducible expression of mouse MHC class II antigens, Ii, DMA, and DMB. Therefore, the RAG cell line represents a yet undescribed cellular mutant affected in the expression of MHC class II antigens. In addition, we demonstrate that MHC class II antigens can be constitutively expressed in the RAG cell line when transfected with the cDNA encoding human CIITA driven by the RSV LTR promoter. Since the complementation analysis assessed that F16 and CIITA are distinct, our data suggest that F16 is required for the expression of CIITA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050075
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The RAG cell line defines a new complementation group of MHC class II deficiency (1996)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 43 (1996), S. 352-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We previously described RAG, a mouse adenocarcinoma cell line, as deficient for the induction of major histocompatibility (MHC) class II antigens by IFN-γ, but responding normally for MHC class I antigen stimulation and anti-viral protection. We had established that the fusion of RAG with various human cell lines restored the induction of MHC class II antigens, whenever the human chromosome 16 was present in somatic cell hybrids. Here we show that the RAG cell line does not exhibit any induction by IFN-γ ofDMA, DMB, and theinvariant chain (Ii) mRNAs, and that the induction is restored in somatic cell hybrids containing human chromosome 16. In order to define the gene (designatedF16) affected in the RAG cells, we performed a complementation analysis by fusing RAG with previously described human cell lines defective for MHC class II antigen expression (e.g., BLS cell lines), and which belong to five different complementation groups. Our data show that the resulting somatic cell hybrids present an inducible expression of mouse MHC class II antigens, Ii, DMA, and DMB. Therefore, the RAG cell line represents a yet undescribed cellular mutant affected in the expression of MHC class II antigens. In addition, we demonstrate that MHC class II antigens can be constitutively expressed in the RAG cell line when transfected with the cDNA encoding humanCIITA driven by the RSV LTR promoter. Since the complementation analysis assessed that F16 and CIITA are distinct, our data suggest that F16 is required for the expression of CIITA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02199803
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of MHC class I and II gene transcription: differences and similarities (1998)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 48 (1998), S. 208-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Gene regulation ; MHC class I ; MHC class II ; Promoter ; Class II transactivator
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules serve as peptide receptors. These peptides are derived from processed cellular or extra-cellular antigens. The MHC gene complex encodes two major classes of molecules, MHC class I and class II, whose function is to present peptides to CD8+ (cytotoxic) and CD4+ (helper) T cells, respectively. The genes encoding both classes of MHC molecules seem to originate from a common ancestral gene. One of the hallmarks of the MHC is its extensive polymorphism which displays locus and allele-specific characteristics among the various MHC class I and class II genes. Because of its central role in immunosurveillance and in various disease states, the MHC is one of the best studied genetic systems. This review addresses several aspects of MHC class I and class II gene regulation in human and in particular, the contribution to the constitutive and cytokine-induced expression of MHC class I and II genes of MHC class-specific regulatory elements and regulatory elements which apparently are shared by the promoters of MHC class I and class II genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050425
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of the interferon-stimulated response element in HLA-B downregulation in human melanoma cell lines (1999)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 49 (1999), S. 287-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Promoter ; HLA-B ; Melanoma ; Transcription ; Interferon-stimulated response element
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Tumor cells are thought to escape immune surveillance from T cells by suppressing expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules at their cell surface. Human MHC class I molecules are encoded by three different loci (HLA-A, -B, and -C). In primary human melanomas as well as melanoma cell lines, HLA class I expression is frequently downregulated in a B locus-specific manner. To study the involvement of promoter elements in HLA-B locus-specific downregulation, a series of reporter constructs containing 5′-flanking sequences of the HLA-A2 and -B7 genes were transfected into melanoma cell lines expressing high and low levels of HLA-B antigens. It is shown that enhancer A, which is generally believed to be a potent enhancer in HLA class I gene transcription, only weakly activates transcription in melanoma cell lines. In contrast, the interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE), known to induce MHC class I expression in response to IFNs, as well as a region comprising site α/enhancer B significantly stimulate constitutive transcription of HLA class I genes. Although none of the promoter elements tested could be demonstrated to mediate HLA-B locus-specific downregulation, high and low HLA-B melanoma cell lines do differ in ISRE activity as well as in ISRE-binding nuclear factors. The finding that high and low HLA-B melanoma cell lines contain different transcription factors binding to elements not actively involved in the process of HLA-B locus abrogation suggests that these cell lines originate from distinct types of melanocyte precursor cells expressing a different set of transcription factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050495
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of calcium acetylhomotaurinate in human plasma and urine by combined gas chromatography-negative-ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 530 (1990), S. 295-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378-4347(00)82333-6
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulus effects and Hasiguti peaks on two coldworked fcc metals: Gold and aluminium
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 31 (1970), S. 1907-1912 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3697
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022-3697(70)90184-8
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    'Population pressure' on the land: Analysis of trends past and future
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    World Development 11 (1983), S. 825-834 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-750X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Geography , Political Science , Sociology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0305-750X(83)90094-3
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The development of a catechol enzyme electrode and its possible use for the diagnosis and monitoring of neural crest tumours
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biosensors and Bioelectronics 6 (1991), S. 569-573 
    Details
    ISSN: 0956-5663
    Keywords: catechol ; enzyme electrode ; neuroblastoma ; phaeochromocytoma ; polylphenol oxidase ; urine
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0956-5663(91)80021-O
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement of beam emittance of the CEA high intensity proton source SILHI (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 2652-2654 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The emittance of the intense proton beam extracted by the source SILHI at Commisariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA)-Saclay is a key parameter for the design of the IPHI Project RFQ. This parameter has a relevant role even for the design of an intense proton source for the TRASCO project of Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN). The tests performed in the framework of CEA-INFN collaboration have been mainly devoted to a 75 mA beam emittance investigation injecting different gases in the beam line. The results show that the rms normalized emittance decreases up to a factor 3 while the beam losses induced by recombination are contained within 5%. Normalized emittance in r-r′ plane of about 0.1 π min mrad have been obtained using Ar and Kr. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149823
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