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  • Articles  (26)
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  • Articles  (26)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth, acetylene reduction activity and localization of nitrogenase in relation to vesicle formation in Frankia strains Cc1.17 and Cp1.2 (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 143 (1985), S. 137-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Actinomycetes ; Frankia ; Vesicles ; Nitrogenase ; Localization ; Induction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A comparative study was conducted on the effect of NH4Cl on growth, vesicle formation and formation of nitrogenase of Frankia strains Cc1.17 and Cp1.2, derived from root nodules of Colletia cruciata and Comptonia peregrina, respectively. On a medium without combined nitrogen (“P-N”), both strains formed spherical cells, called vesicles, like many other Frankia strains. Data are presented on the number of vesicles per mg protein, after cultivation in media with sodium propionate as C-source without combined nitrogen (“P-N”) or with 0.2 g NH4Cl/l (“P+N”). Strain Cp1.2 as may other Frankia strains, showed on “P+N” medium a very strong reduction of vesicle formation of 99% relative to the number of vesicles formed on “P-N” medium, after 11 days growth. However, in strain Cc11.17 this reduction was only 70%. The occurence of relatively large numbers of vesicles in “P+N” media has not yet been reported for other Frankia strains. No acetylene reduction activity was found in NH 4 + -grown cells. The regulation of induction of nitrogenase in Frankia by NH4Cl was tested by immuno-gelectrophoresis using antisera against nitrogenase of Rhizobium leguminosarum PRE. The component I of the enzyme showed crossreactivity while the component II had only a weak crossreaction. The experiments indicated that no nitrogenase was detectable in the NH 4 + -grown cells. For the localization of nitrogenase, relative amounts of the enzyme were compared in whole cells and vesicle-enriched fractions. Western blots showed a significant enrichment of nitrogenase in the vesicle fractions, which indicated that most of the nitrogenase was localized in the vesicle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00411036
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extraction of ribosomal RNA from soil for detection of Frankia with oligonucleotide probes (1990)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 154 (1990), S. 329-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Detection ; Extraction ; Frankia ; Oligonucleotides ; Probes ; Ribosomal RNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sequences of 16S rRNA of the nitrogen-fixing Frankia strain Ag45/Mut15 and the ineffective Frankia strain AgB1.9 were used to design a genus-specific oligonucleotide probe. Hybridization experiments of this Frankia probe and a second probe, specific for Nif+-Frankia strains only, were used to detect Frankia specific target sequences in RNA isolations from soil. A method is described for direct isolation of RNA from a loamy soil and a peat. Yields of about 10 ng RNA/g wet soil are obtained without detectable contamination with humic acids. Isolation of RNA after initial extraction of bacteria from soil resulted in significantly lower RNA yields, compared to the direct isolation procedure. Hybridization with both probes against rRNA isolations from Frankia-containing soil could detect target sequences within RNA isolations from 1 g wet soil with an estimated detection limit of 104 cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276527
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A reconsideration of terminology in Frankia research: A need for congruence (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 99 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Progress in understanding the Frankia-actinorhizal symbiosis has paralleled that of the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. Previously, these two nitrogen-fixing symbioses have been considered as distinct and unrelated entities. However, it seems likely that many of the developmental stages, and perhaps even the molecular signals, are shared between these two apparently independent associations. For this reason, we propose to emphasize the similarities between the two symbioses by calling for a uniformity of terminology to describe nodule development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1997.tb05359.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogenase activity of endophyte suspensions derived from root nodules of Alnus, Hippophaë, Shepherdia and Myrica spp. (1977)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 266 (1977), S. 257-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] To get a better insight into the effect of an added ATP-generating system on the nitrogenase activity of endophyte suspensions of A. glutinosa, the reaction was followed over an extended period. As an ATP-generating system we used phospho(enol) pyruvate (PEP) and pyruvate kinase (PK). Figure 1 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/266257a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen-fixing root nodules in Ulmaceae (1978)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 274 (1978), S. 190-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A SURVEY of symbioses of Rhizobium spp. with members of the Ulmaceae and Urticaceae in Java and Bali (Indonesia)1 has revealed nitrogen-fixing nodules only in Parasponia parviflora Miq. (Ulmaceae). None were found in specimens of Trema, which are morphologically closely related to Parasponia spp. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/274190c0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural variation in symbiotic nitrogen-fixingRhizobium andFrankia spp. (1984)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 50 (1984), S. 489-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A description is given of the natural variation in nitrogen-fixingRhizobium andFrankia spp. strains and the ability to form root nodules on compatible host plants. Arguments are given for the hypothesis that co-evolution has taken place through mutual interaction of host plants and indigenousRhizobium andFrankia populations in the soil leading to most efficient symbiotic associations. The significance of root nodules as selective enrichment cultures of particular strains in natural and cultivated soils is exemplified byRhizobium leguminosarum on various ecotypes ofPisum sativum and withFrankia sp. on various actinorhizal plants, in particularAlnus spp., in different geographic regions. The importance of a host-dependent distribution ofRhizobium andFrankia spp. for agriculture and forestry is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02386222
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variable compatibility of clonedAlnus glutinosa ecotypes against ineffectiveFrankia strains (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 107 (1988), S. 233-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: alder ; Alnus glutinosa ; clones ; compatibility ; ecotypes ; Frankia ineffectivity ; N2-fixation ; nodulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Nodulation tests onin-vitro propagated clones ofAlnus glutinosa ecotypes (forest ecotype, pioneer ecotype) withFrankia strains originating from both ecotypes indicated differences in host-plant compatibility. Inoculated plants of the pioneer ecotype clone were not infected by strains, that were unable to fix nitrogen in pure culture. Nodulation could only be induced on the clone of the forest ecotype, but no nitrogen-fixing activity could be detected. Ultra-structural observations of the nodules by SEM and TEM indicated that ineffectivity of these strains was correlated with the lack of vesicles in the infected cells. Cells were only filled with hyphae: neither sporangia nor vesicles could be detected. In contrast, effective nodules could be obtained on both alder clones after inoculation with an effective strain, showing normal development of vesicle clusters in infected cells. In pure culture the ineffective strains produced no vesicles; sporangia were found only during early stage of growth. The results demonstrate the existence ofFrankia strains which were either non-infective or ineffective on different clones ofAlnus glutinosa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370552
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthetic oligonucleotide probes for identification ofFrankia strains (1989)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 118 (1989), S. 211-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: filter hybridization ; Frankia ; in-situ hybridization ; oligonucleotide probes ; rRNA sequences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Reverse transcriptase sequence analyses of variable regions of 16S rRNA of the nitrogen-fixing (Nif+)Frankia strain Ag45/Mut 15 and the Nif− strains AgB1.9 and AgW1.1 showed large differences in two of three variable regions between bothFrankia groups. Synthetic oligonucleotides complementary to sequences in one of these different regions were used in hybridization experiments against isolated rRNA of severalFrankia strains belonging to three compatibility groups. Ribosomal RNA of eleven effectiveFrankia strains obtained from differentAlnus species strongly hybridized with the probe against the effective strain Ag45/Mut 15 (probe EFP), whereas ineffective strains and effective strains obtained from other hosts (Elaeagnus, Comptonia, Coriaria, Hippophaë, Colletia spp.) did not hybridize. Strong hybridization was also obtained with the effectiveCasuarina strain CcI3. In the group of effective alder strains one strain showed weaker hybridization indicating small sequence differences. Different sequences were also found after hybridization with the probe against the ineffectiveFrankia strains AgB1.9 and AgW1.1 (probe IFP). Only these two strains showed hybridization. The same results were obtained byin-situ hybridizations with probe EFP, whereas hybridization with probe IFP showed crossreaction with several other strains. Tests of these probes against rRNA of several microorganisms indicate a high specificity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02232809
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake and evolution of H2 and reduction of C2H2 by root nodules and nodule homogenates ofAlnus glutinosa (1979)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 52 (1979), S. 571-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Acetylene reduction ; Actinomycetous symbiosis ; Alnus glutinosa ; Hydrogenase Hydrogen evolution ; Hydrogen uptake ; Nitrogen fixation ; Respiration ; Root nodules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In the growing season no net H2 evolution is detected when root nodules ofAlnus glutinosa are incubated in air or in argon containing 20% O2. Due to the hydrogenase activity, N2-fixing root nodules consume added H2 at a rate of about 1.4 μmoles H2.g fresh nodule−1.h−1. The uptake of H2 is only found in summer. At the end of the season, in autumn, nodules evolve significant quantities of H2 although the nodules still continue to fix nitrogen. In-vitro studies with fractionated homogenates of summer-harvested nodules show that the recovery of the hydrogenase is high when using methylene-blue or phenazine metasulfate as electron acceptors. No hydrogenase activity is detected in homogenates of autumn-harvested nodules. The hydrogenase is localised in the microsymbiont.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02277953
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of inoculation on yield ofAlnus glutinosa in the Netherlands (1981)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 61 (1981), S. 189-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Actinomycete symbiosis ; Alder ; Alnus glutinosa ; Endophyte ; Farmyard manure ; Forestry ; Frankia ; Inoculation ; Nitrogen fixation ; Nodulation ; Root nodules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The occurrence and the infectivity of Frankia, the root-nodule endophyte ofAlnus glutinosa, were studied in different kinds of soil in the Netherlands. Both field and pot experiments indicated that many soils, on which alders have not been grown before, had low numbers of endogenous Frankia or none at all. Inoculation of these soils usually enhanced growth and nodulation of alders. The effect of fertilizer treatments on growth and nodulation ofA. glutinosa were studied in experimental plots. Alders grown in sandy soils, dressed with farmyard manure had the highest yield and the most nodules. The influence of inoculation with homogenates of Sp(+) and Sp(−) nodules and with a pure culture of Frankia AvcIl were studied in pot experiments. The quantity of different kinds of inoculum needed to obtain good growth and nodulation of alder was estimated. The results indicated that addition of a nodule homogenate of 90 g fresh AvcIl Sp(+) nodules is sufficient to inoculate one hectare of nursery soil to produce 10 nodules per plant, while a thousand times larger amount of inoculum is necessary when Sp(−) nodules are used. The limitations and the potentials of using nodule homogenates and pure cultures of Frankia for inoculation in forestry are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02277374
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