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  • sex pheromone  (10)
  • Springer  (10)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
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  • Springer  (10)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Codling moth ; Cydia pomonella ; sex pheromone ; codlemone ; (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol ; sex pheromone isomers ; 8,10-dodecadien-1-ol isomers ; (E,Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol ; mating disruption ; communication disruption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Field tests comparing the ability of codlemone, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, and isomers of codlemone to disrupt pheromonal communication of codling moth were carried out. In a pear orchard, four nonisomerizing, gray septa dispensers were placed in the upper canopy of each tree containing a trap baited with 10 virgin female codling moths. The dispensers were at trap height and 70 cm from the edge of each trap. Trap catches of released male codling moths in three test areas were compared simultaneously when trees in each of the test areas contained unbaited dispensers, dispensers with 1 mg of codlemone containing 1% isomers, and dispensers with 1 mg of a test communication disruptant. When the test disruptant was an equilibrium mixture of codlemone and its isomers (61% codlemone, 39% isomers), the percent communication disruption was 86.8% compared to 68.7% for codlemone (P 〈 0.001). When the disruptant was (E,Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (94%EZ, 3%EE), the percentage disruption was 86.4% compared to 62.7% for codlemone (P 〈 0.002). These results show that the previously reported superior disruptant potency (relative to codlemone) of compositions containing codlemone with a high percentage of isomers was not a result of the proximity of the dispensers to the traps. The percent disruption of compositions of codlemone with 10 and 20% isomers was also determined. A plot of percentage disruption versus logarithm of percentage of nonpheromone isomers in the mixture from 1% to 97% gave a straight line withR 2=0.93.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 6 (1980), S. 875-881 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: (Z,E)-9,11-Tetradecadienyl acetate ; prodlure ; Egyptian cotton leafworm ; Spodoptera littoralis ; photoisomerization ; sex pheromone ; mass trapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Samples of pheromone carriers, after use for 4–5 weeks in traps in the field, were analyzed. Partial isomerization of prodlure, (Z,E)-9,11-tetradecadienyl acetate (TDDA), the main component of the sex pheromone of femaleSpodoptera littoralis, took place. All three other possible isomers were formed to yield a mixture of ∼50% (Z,E)-9,11 -TDDA, ∼30% (E,E)-9,11-, ∼13% (E,Z)-9,11-, and ∼7% (Z,Z)-9,11 isomer. The process was found to be photochemically induced; none of these isomers was found under heating alone. Most of the pheromone, however, decomposed under field conditions.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: (Z)-13-Hexadecen-11-yn-1-yl acetate ; pine processionary moth ; Thaumetopoeapityocampa ; Thaumetopoea wilkinsoni ; Lepidoptera ; Notodontidae ; sex pheromone ; synthesis ; biological activity ; ester
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A short and stereoselective synthesis of (Z)-13-hexadecen-1 1-yn-1-yl acetate is described. The main feature is a low-temperature Wittig reaction of a triphenylpropylphosphonium bromide with a long-chain alkylated propargyl aldehyde.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 1117-1124 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Cyclocephala lurida ; Coleoptera ; Scarabaeidae ; sex pheromone ; chemical communication ; evolution of signals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Females of the scarabaeid beetleCyclocephala lurida produce a volatile sex pheromone which attracts conspecific males. Field experiments demonstrated that larvae of both sexes also emit volatile chemicals that stimulate similar responses in adult males, including attempts by the attracted males to mate with the nonreproductive immature stage. Significantly more adult males were caught in traps baited with conspecific male or female larvae or adult females than in blank control traps. Hexane extracts of both male and female grubs were at least as effective as live larvae in trapping male adults, demonstrating that the behavioral responses are mediated by volatile chemicals. Sensory and behavioral responses of males to sex pheromones emitted by adult females are part of the functional communication system. However, their response to grubs is not functional, because grubs are normally temporally and spatially inaccessible to mate-seeking males. In theory, the evolution of a communication system is problematic because it requires the development of a signal in one sex and the sensory and behavioral attributes to respond to that signal in the other sex. The ontogeny of sex pheromone communication inC. lurida suggests a partial solution to this evolutionary problem. We propose that this sex pheromone communication system is probably derived from noncommunicative volatile chemicals that are lost in adult males and retained by adult females.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 973-980 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: (E, Z)-7,9-Dodecadien-1-yl acetate ; European grapevine moth ; Lobesia botrana ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; sex pheromone ; photoisomerization ; conjugated diene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Photo- and radical isomerization of (E, Z)-7,9-dodecadien-1-yl acetate (DDA) leads to an equilibrium mixture of all four possible geometric isomers of 7,9-DDA in the ratio ofE,E, 69–76%;Z,E, 11–13%;E, Z, 12–15%; andZ, Z, 1–3%. Iodine catalysis of the isomerization takes place even in dark at room temperature and is probably a radical reaction.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: (E,Z)-7 ; 9-Dodecadien-1-yl acetate ; European grapevine moth ; Lobesia botrana ; Lepiadoptera ; Tortricidae ; sex pheromone ; purification ; biological activity ; (E,E)-7,9-dodecadien-1-yl acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A short synthesis of (E, Z)-7,9-dodecadien-1-yl acetate from propargyl alcohol and 6-bromohexanol via acetylenic-allenic isomerization of the resulting bis-THP-1,9-non-2-yn-diol is described. The field test of several preparations showed that theE,E isomer does not interfere with the biological activity of the pheromone. It was found that the “crude” preparation has higher activity than purified pheromone or virgin females.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Earias insulana ; spiny bollworm ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; sex pheromone ; (E,E)-10,12-hexadecadienal ; trimerization ; Chromatographic analysis ; nuclear magnetic resonance ; mass spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The sex pheromone ofEarias insulana, (E,E)-10,12-hexadecadienal, may trimerize extensively to form a crystalline trioxane derivative. The structure of the trimer was deduced from its CI-MS and NMR spectra. Capillary GC analysis resulted in the thermal decomposition of the trimer to the monomer. This process could be studied on a 2-m packed column under specific conditions. A convenient separation between the pheromone and its trimer was achieved by TLC. The trimer was inactive in the field, and it has a harmful effect on the performance of the polyethylene dispenser. Material which contains large amounts of the trimer is unsuitable for field use, even if applied at high dosage. The pheromone should be analyzed by NMR or TLC in addition to GC in order to detect the presence of its trimer. The trimerization process is catalyzed by acid which should therefore be completely eliminated from the storing vessels.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Gracillariidae ; Phyllonorycter blancardella ; P.mespilella ; sex pheromone ; sex attractant ; (E10)-dodecenyl acetate ; (E4,E10)-dodecadienyl acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract (E4,E10)-dodecadienyl acetate (E4,E10-12∶OAc) is a newly discovered sex pheromone component of the tentiform leafminer,Phyllonorycter mespilella (Hübner). In apple orchards, traps baited with 1Μg ofE4,E1012∶OAc attractedP. mespilella in British Columbia andP. blancardella (F.) in Massachusetts and Nova Scotia. The compound was identified inP. mespilella by gas chromatographic-electroantennographic analysis (GC-EAD) of pheromone gland extracts, retention index calculations, EAD profiles toE3 toE10 dodecenyl acetates, and synthesis of candidate pheromone components. Even thoughE4,E10-12∶OAc was not detected in gland extracts by GC-mass spectroscopy, several factors indicate that it is female-produced. Antennal responses to gland extracts coincided with authenticE4,E10-12∶OAc on four GC columns with different retention characteristics.E4,E10-12∶OAc andE10-12∶OAc, a known female-produced pheromone component, elicited equally strong EAD responses. In field tests,E4,E10-12∶OAc was two to four times more attractive thanE10-12∶OAc. There was no additive or synergistic effect between the two components.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Spilonota ocellana ; eye-spotted bud moth ; sex pheromone ; (Z)-8-tetradecenyl acetate and (Z)-8-tetradecenyl alcohol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Response of male eye-spotted bud moth,Spilonota ocellana (Denis and Schiffermüller), to different ratios of synthetic sex pheromone components, (Z)-8-tetradecenyl acetate (Z8-14:OAc) and (Z)-8-tetradecenyl alcohol (Z8-14:OH), were compared in four North American locations and in one location in The Netherlands. In British Columbia, Nova Scotia, Michigan, and The Netherlands, a 99:1 blend ofZ8-14:OAc andZ8-14:OH captured significantly more maleS. ocellana thanZ8-14:OAc alone or binary blends containing 10–50%Z8-14:OH. In Ontario, where population sizes were low compared to the other four locations, trends in trap catches were similar, and there was no indication that maleS. ocellana responded differently to the tested pheromone blends. A 99:1 blend ofZ8-14:OAc andZ8-14:OH should be most effective in pheromone-based control programs ofS. ocellana in North America and in The Netherlands. Our results confirm earlier studies that a 99:1 blend ofZ8-14:OAc andZ8-14:OH captures significantly more maleS. ocellana thanZ8-14:OAc alone. However, our finding that a 99:1 blend ofZ8-14:OAc andZ8-14:OH is significantly more attractive than binary blends containing 10–50%Z8-14:OH differs from previous findings in Germany and Switzerland.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Megalophanes viciella ; Psychidae ; Lepidoptera ; bagworm ; sex pheromone ; 1-methylethyl octanoate ; 2-propyl octanoate ; field tests
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Extracts obtained by rinsing the thorax and extracts from the tergal sex pheromone gland of females of the bagworm moth, Megalophanes viciella, as well as headspace samples from live animals, were analyzed to reveal the chemical structure of the pheromone. As a result, 1-methylethyl octanoate was established as a main sex pheromone component of this species. This was further confirmed by numerous catches of conspecific males in traps baited with this compound in Bulgaria and Roumania.
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