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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coleoptile length, gibberellin sensitivity and concentrations in five non-allelic dwarf mutants of pearl millet — Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. (1994)
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 15 (1994), S. 215-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: coleoptile length ; dwarf mutants ; gibberellin levels ; gibberellin sensitivity ; pearl millet
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The concentrations of endogenous gibberellins (GAs) were determined by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in shoots of five non-allelic dwarfs of pearl millet Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. One mutant (d3), with an extreme dwarf phenotype, was found to be deficient in all GAs measured; the others (d1, d2, d4 and the quantitatively inherited dwarf) had similar levels of GAs to the tall genotype. Only the GA-deficient dwarf recovered the tall phenotype in response to applying GA3 up to the adult stage, while the others showed slight to moderate responses at the seedling stage, depending on the season, and no response at later stages. The d1, d3 and d4 dwarfs had short coleoptiles. A wide range of coleoptile lengths with a normal distribution pattern was observed in the tall, d2 and the quantitatively inherited dwarf, suggesting that there is polygenic control of this trait.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00029894
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Productivity of annual cropping and agroforestry systems on a shallow Alfisol in semi-arid India (1991)
    Springer
    Agroforestry systems 15 (1991), S. 51-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Keywords: perennials ; agroforestry ; alley cropping ; hedgerow intercropping ; Leucaena ; pearl millet ; pigeonpea ; castor ; semi-arid tropics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract An experiment was conducted at ICRISAT Center, Patancheru, India from June 1984 to April 1988 on a shallow Alfisol to determine whether the productivity of annual crop systems can be improved by adding perennial species such as Leucaena leucocephala managed as hedgerows. Except in the first year, crop yields were suppressed by Leucaena due to competition for moisture. The severity of competition was high in years of low rainfall and on long-duration crops such as castor and pigeonpea. Based on total biomass, sole Leucaena was most productive; even on the basis of land productivity requiring both Leucaena fodder and annual crops, alley cropping had little or no advantage over block planting of both components. Application of hedge prunings as green manure or mulch on top of 60 kg N and 30 kg P 2 O 5ha−1 to annual crops did not show any benefit during the experimental period, characterized by below average rainfall. Indications are that (i) alley cropping was beneficial in terms of soil and water conservation with less runoff and soil loss with 3 m alleys than with 5.4 m alleys, and (ii) root pruning or deep ploughing might be effective in reducing moisture competition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00046278
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of landrace topcross hybrids of pearl millet for arid zone environments (1994)
    Springer
    Euphytica 76 (1994), S. 215-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Pennisetum glaucum ; pearl millet ; landrace cultivars ; topcross hybrids ; grain yield ; downy mildew ; renstance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) cultivars for marginal, arid environments need to combine the adaptation to stress conditions of indigenous landraces with an improved yield potential and disease resistance, to allow them to both perform well in farmers fields and to meet the requirements for cultivar release. This paper evaluates landrace-based topcross hybrids (adapted landraces crossed on high-yielding male-sterile lines), as a quick and efficient way of achieving this objective. Topcross hybrids showed a consistent increase in biomass production across all test environments, including the harsh arid zone environments. Depending upon the plant type of the male-sterile used to make the hybrid, this was expressed as increased grain yield only, or increased grain and fodder yields. The downy mildew (Sclerospora graminicola) reaction of the topcross hybrids was determined by the reaction of the male-sterile line used, with the resistant male-sterile producing resistant topcross hybrids and vice-versa. Topcrossing adapted landraces on high-yielding male-sterile lines thus provides an opportunity to improve disease resistance and grain and/or fodder yields, with no apparent loss of adaptation to the marginal environments in which the landraces have evolved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022166
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of d2 dwarfing gene on grain yield and yield components in pearl millet near-isogenic lines (1991)
    Springer
    Euphytica 52 (1991), S. 25-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Pennisetum glaucum ; pearl millet ; dwarfing gene ; near-isogenic lines ; yield and yield components
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A d2 dwarfing gene in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is currently being extensively used for the development of hybrid parents. Its effect on grain yield and yield components is poorly understood. Twelve pairs of tall and dwarf near-isogenic lines developed in the diverse genetic background of three composites were evaluated for grain yield and yield components for 2 years at two locations in southern India. The d2 gene or the genes linked to it, on an average, reduced plant height by 42%, grain yield by 14%, and head girth by 8% but increased head length and number of tillers per plant by about 5–6%. Large variations were observed among pairs (genetic background) for the difference between tall and dwarf near-isogenic lines for all of the above yield components resulting in no significant difference in five pairs and 17–35% less yield in dwarfs as compared to their tall counterparts in six pairs. Days to 50% flowering and seed weight were least affected by the d2 gene with the average difference between tall and dwarf groups of near-isogenic lines being of the order of 1–2%. These results indicate that the advantageous effects of d2 dwarfing gene can be effectively exploited by manipulating the genetic background. The difference between the average grain yields of tall and dwarf groups of near-isogenic lines showed considerable variation across environments with the dwarfs yielding as much as tall group in one environment and up to 30% less than the tall group in the other, thus, indicating that the d2 gene effect may be substantially modified by the environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037853
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