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  • glutamine synthetase  (2)
  • Springer  (2)
  • Oxford University Press
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • Springer  (2)
  • Oxford University Press
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: cDNA sequence ; gene family ; glutamine synthetase ; soybean nodules ; cotyledons ; hybrid-select translation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have characterized two sets of cDNA clones representing the glutamine synthetase (GS) mRNA in soybean nodules. Using the 3′-untranslated regions of a representative member of each set, as gene member(s) specific probes, we have shown that one set of the GS genes are expressed in a nodule-specific manner, while the other set is expressed in other tissues, besides the nodules. The nodule-specific GS genes are expressed in a developmentally regulated manner in the nodules, independent of the onset of nitrogen fixation. The other class of GS genes is expressed constitutively in all tissues tested, but its expression level is dramatically enhanced in nodules following onset of N2 fixation. The latter set of genes is also expressed in cotyledons of germinating seedlings in a developmentally regulated manner. Analysis of hybrid select translation products and genomic Southern blots suggests that multiple gene members in each class are expressed in the nodules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: alfalfa ; antisense ; gene family ; glutamine synthetase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Glutamine synthetase (GS) catalyzes the ATP-dependent condensation of NH3 with glutamate to produce glutamine. In plants GS is an octameric enzyme and is located either in the cytoplasm (GS1) or in the chloroplast (GS2). Two distinct classes of GS1 genes with unique 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR) have been identified in alfalfa. We have demonstrated that the two classes exhibit differential expression pattern in the different plant organs suggesting different functional roles for the different isozymes. To determine the functional significance ofss the two classes of GS1 genes in alfalfa, we have utilized antisense gene constructs aimed specifically at the 3′UTR of the two GS1 genes and introduced them individually into alfalfa. Our data show that the gene constructs are effective in lowering the corresponding transcript level very effectively though there were organ-specific differences in the level of reduction. No transcript corresponding to the antisense gene construct was detected in any of the alfalfa transformants though they accumulated to significant levels in transgenic tobacco containing the same construct. This suggests that the antisense transcript was not stable in the presence of the homologous target sequence. Transgenic alfalfa with up to 80% reduction in the transcript level corresponding to each gene class, however, showed no reduction in GS activity or GS1 polypeptide level. The results suggest that GS1 mRNA levels are not rate-limiting for GS1 polypeptide synthesis and that GS1 levels are controlled both at the transcriptional and translational/post-translational level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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