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  • Nuclear reactions  (2)
  • Experimental  (1)
  • Verbrennungsapparatur  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 144 (1970), S. 67-80 
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reactions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 149 (1970), S. 241-252 
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reactions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 141 (1993), S. 221-247 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Experimental ; plagioclase ; diagenesis ; porosity ; permeability ; dissolution ; precipitates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Dissolution of plagioclase under the physical conditions at shallow to intermediate burial depths is a prime candidate for secondary porosity generation in feldspathic siliciclastic sediments. The diagenetic behavior of granular aggregates of plagioclase feldspar and quartz has been investigated by experimentation performed in a Bridgeman-type pressure vessel. The experiments, each of two weeks duration, simulated pressure-temperature conditions approximating 3.5 km burial depth. By using a double-acting pore-fluid reservoir, solutions of various chemistries were cycled through samples composed of oligoclase or labradorite feldspar and quartz (90:10 wt% respectively). Scanning electron microscope analysis of the post-experiment samples reveals dissolution features and precipitated products. Dissolution voids of ∼10 microns occur typically in areas of maximum stress such as crack-tips and grain contacts. Dissolution on a larger scale is exemplified by topographical smoothing of grain su faces. The dissolved species are subsequently reprecipitated as Ca-enriched overgrowths (possibly zeolites) and clays. These precipitates are found individually on the scale of 10 microns and collectively as surface coatings on both feldspar and quartz grains. Atomic absorption spectroscopic analyses of the pore fluid suggest that the fluid chemistry is consistent with the observed experimental precipitates. These experiments show that clay coatings are unnecessary precursors to grain surface dissolution and that the diagenetic precipitation is not mineral selective. Also, the mass transfer of the dissolved species appears to be localized because grains displaying both dissolution and precipitation features are commonplace. Volume changes due to mineral transformation/alteration may increase secondary porosity if the dissolved species produced from dissolution are only partially involved in reprecipitation and the remaining dissolved material is flushed out by the pore fluids. However, if the mass transfer is primarily local then permeability would significantly decrease as precipitates may choke the pore throats.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Elementspuren in Organ. Material ; Verbrennungsapparatur ; Sauerstoffstrom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A partially mechanized apparatus made of quartz (Trace-0-Mat) is described that permits the complete mineralization of up to 1 g of organic or biological solid samples. The combustion takes place in pure oxygen in a very small burning chamber (ca. 75 cm3) to subsequently determine metallic and nonmetallic trace elements (1 ng/g) with high reliability. The controllable incineration is started with an IR-radiator system. All volatile trace elements (e.g. Hg, Se, Te, As, Sb, I) are condensed together with the products of the combustion process in a cooling system filled with liquid nitrogen that is mounted on top of the burning chamber. Subsequent refluxing with a suitable acid in a quartz test tube mounted below the burning chamber collects both the volatilized elements from the cooled areas and nonvolatile elements in the ashing residue. The volume of the acid is about 2 ml. The recoveries of the elements following the decomposition process that takes 50–60 min for one sample was checked using 7 NBS-Standard Reference Materials for the elements B, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn (ICP-emission spectrometry), Cd, Pb (ETA-AAS), Hg (AAS-cold vapor technique), As (AAS-hydride method) and Se (XRF). Very good agreement with the certified values was observed. This furnished evidence that this new and very general decomposition method is not only poor in blanks but also avoids substantially losses of the elements to be determined by volatilization, adsorption or even baking in the quartz surface. The easy handling of the apparatus offers the best premises for a reliable determination of trace elements in the μg/g and ng/g range in most non-volatile organic matrices.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ein teilmechanisiertes aus Quarz bestehendes System (Trace-0-Mat) wird beschrieben, das die vollständige Mineralisation fester organischer oder biologischer Proben bis zu Mengen von 1 g gestattet. Die Verbrennung findet dabei in reinem Sauerstoff in einer sehr kleinen Verbrennungskammer (etwa 75 cm3) statt, so daß anschließend die metallischen und nichtmetallischen Spurenelemente mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit bestimmt werden können. Die steuerbare Veraschung wird durch ein System von IR-Strahlern gestartet. Alle flüchtigen Spurenelemente (z. B. Hg, Se, Te, As, Sb, I) werden zusammen mit den Verbrennungsprodukten in einem Kühlsystem kondensiert, das mit flüssigem Stickstoff gefüllt und über der Verbrennungskammer angeordnet ist. Die sich an den gekühlten Flächen befindlichen flüchtigen sowie die in der Asche vorhandenen nichtflüchtigen Elemente werden durch Rückflußbehandlung mit einer kleinen Säuremenge (2 ml) gelöst und in einem Quarzglas unterhalb der Verbrennungskammer gesammelt. Die Wiederfindung der Elemente nach dem Aufschlußprozeß (50–60 min) wurde mit Hilfe von 7 NBS-Referenzmaterialien für folgende Elemente geprüft: B, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn (ICP-Emissionsspektrometrie), Cd, Pb (ETA-AAS), Hg (AAS-Kaltdampftechnik), As (AAS-Hydridmethode) und Se (Röntgenfluorescenz). Es ergab sich sehr gute Übereinstimmung mit den zertifizierten Werten. Diese neue und sehr allgemein anwendbare Aufschlußmethode weist nicht nur geringe Blindwerte auf, sondern vermeidet auch wesentliche Verluste der zu bestimmenden Elemente durch Verflüchtigung, Adsorption oder Zusammenbacken an der Quarzoberfläche. Durch die einfache Handhabung der Apparatur ist eine zuverlässige Bestimmung von Spurenelementen im μg/g- und ng/g-Bereich für die meisten nichtflüchtigen organischen Matrices gewährleistet.
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