ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Ihre E-Mail wurde erfolgreich gesendet. Bitte prüfen Sie Ihren Maileingang.

Leider ist ein Fehler beim E-Mail-Versand aufgetreten. Bitte versuchen Sie es erneut.

Vorgang fortführen?

Exportieren
Filter
  • Squamata  (9)
  • Springer  (9)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Prey odor discrimination by ingestively naive coachwhip snakes(Masticophis flagellum) (1990)
    Springer
    Chemoecology 1 (1990), S. 86-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Schlagwort(e): prey odor ; behavior ; heritability ; Reptilia ; Squamata ; Serpentes ; Colubridae ; Masticophis flagellum
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Ingestively naive hatchling coachwhip snakes(Masticophis flagellum) detected integumentary chemicals from several potential prey species and discriminated them from chemical stimuli from other animals and from distilled water, strongly suggesting a genetic basis for these abilities. The strongest responses were to lizard and snake stimuli, which form a major part of the diet. Variable responses to chemical cues from other taxa are discussed. Responses by coachwhip snakes to prey chemicals appear to be highly specific, as suggested by the stronger reaction to vomodors of sympatric than of allopatric lizard species. The highly developed use of chemical cues by the diurnal, visually oriented coachwhip snake emphasizes the general importance of chemical senses to predation by nonvenomous snakes, regardless of the involvement of vision.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01241648
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pheromonal Discrimination of Sex by Male and Female Leopard Geckos (Eublepharis macularius) (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 23 (1997), S. 2967-2977 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Pheromone ; tongue-flicking ; sex recognition ; Squamata ; Euble-pharidae ; Eublepharis macularius
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The ability of male and female Eublepharis macularius to discriminate among pheromones of males and females and a blank control was investigated. Stimuli were presented on ceramic tiles in the animal's home cages. Males tongue-flicked at significantly lower rates in response to male stimuli than to female and control stimuli. Males also performed aggressive behaviors toward male, but not female or control, stimuli, and tail vibrations toward female, but not male or control, stimuli. Mean tongue-flick rates by females did not differ significantly among conditions. Discrimination of male pheromones by females was demonstrated by greater performance of labial-licking and chin-rubbing in response to male stimuli than to either female or control stimuli.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022587716051
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Discriminative Response to Animal, But Not Plant, Chemicals by an Insectivorous, Actively Foraging Lizard, Scincella lateralis, and Differential Response to Surface and Internal Prey Cues (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 25 (1999), S. 1531-1541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Behavior ; chemical senses ; tongue-flicking ; diet ; Squamata ; Scincidae ; Scincella lateralis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Responses by the insectivorous, actively foraging scincid lizard, Scincella lateralis, to chemical cues from a plant food favored by herbivorous lizards, its ability to discriminate prey chemicals from control substances, and its relative response to internal and surface prey chemicals were studied experimentally. We presented chemical cues to the lizards on cotton swabs and recorded their tongue-flicks and biting attacks on the swabs. The lizards exhibited significantly greater tongue-flick rates and biting frequencies to prey surface cues than to plant surface chemicals from romaine lettuce, diluted cologne (pungency control), and deionized water. Responses to the plant stimuli did not differ from those to the two control stimuli, in contrast with strong responses to the same plant cues by herbivores. This finding provides the first information suggesting that chemosensory response may be adapted to diet, with responsiveness to plant stimuli evolving de novo in herbivores. Biting and tongue-flicking responses were significantly greater to cricket chemicals than to all other stimuli, among which there were no differences. Thus, the lizards are capable of prey chemical discrimination, which may be ubiquitous among actively foraging lizards. The lizards exhibited more frequent biting and higher tongue-flick rates to internal than surface prey chemicals. Although different methods of stimulus preparation are appropriate for different purposes, we conclude that prey surface chemicals available to foraging lizards are most desirable for studies bearing on location and identification of prey.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020880614708
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Discrimination of Prey, But Not Plant, Chemicals by Actively Foraging, Insectivorous Lizards, the Lacertid Takydromus sexlineatus and the Teiid Cnemidophorus gularis (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 26 (2000), S. 1623-1634 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Behavior ; chemical senses ; tongue-flicking ; diet ; Squamata ; Lacertidae ; Teiidae ; Takydromus sexlineatus ; Cnemidophorus gularis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Sampling environmental chemicals to reveal prey and predators and to provide information about conspecifics is highly developed in lizards. Actively foraging lizards can discriminate between prey chemicals and control stimuli, but ambush foragers do not exhibit prey chemical discrimination. Recent experiments on a few species of herbivorous lizards have also demonstrated an ability to identify plant food chemicals. We studied chemosensory responses to chemicals from prey and palatable plants in two species of actively foraging, insectivorous lizards. Both the lacertid Takydromus sexlineatus and the teiid Cnemidophorus gularis exhibited strong responses to prey chemicals, but not to plant chemicals. These findings increase confidence in the relationship between prey chemical discrimination and foraging mode, which is based on data for very few species per family. They also provide data showing that actively foraging insectivores in two families do not respond strongly to plant cues. Such information is essential for eventual comparative studies of the relationship between plant diet and responses to food chemicals. The traditional method of presenting stimuli by using hand-held cotton swabs worked well for T. sexlineatus but could not be used for C. gularis due to repeated escape attempts. When stimuli were presented to C. gularis on ceramic tiles and no experimenter was visible, the lizards responded readily. Presentation of stimuli on tiles in the absence of a visible experimenter may be a valuable approach to study of food chemical discrimination by active foragers in which antipredatory behavior interferes with responses to swabs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005534828701
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evolution and function of lingual shape in lizards, with emphasis on elongation, extensibility, and chemical sampling (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 21 (1995), S. 477-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Tongue ; chemoreception ; vomerolfaction ; Squamata ; lizard ; snake
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Major squamate taxa exhibit extreme variation in lingual morphology, presumably due to correlated variation in trophic and chemosensory functions. Data are presented on evolution of lingual shape documenting several trends: (1) Resting lingual elongation is greatest in families specialized for lingual chemosensory sampling. (2) The greatest increase in elongation achievable by intralingual means including elasticity and foretongue retractility occurs in families with intermediate degrees of lingual specialization for chemosensory sampling. Sampling efficiency may be enhanced by the ability to extend the tongue well beyond the mouth, with resting elongation and intralingual extensibility perhaps jointly determining distance extended. In families lacking sufficient resting elongation, augmentation of intralingual extensibility may be a means of approaching optimal protrusion distances. Decreased extensibility evolved in tandem with the greatest resting elongation, suggesting that resting elongation may be more efficient for protrusion and that elasticity declines as optimal resting length is approached. The optimal shape for chemosensory sampling may be predicted to be highly elongate, as in teiids, varanids, and colubrids. The tongue should be broad at the tip for prehension (as in iguanians), fleshy for manipulation and swallowing, and broad at the base for tamping prey into the esophagus. (3) Lingual surface area relative to that of a rectangle of dimensions length × base width varies accordingly. Relative area is high in families that do not tongue-flick much while foraging because tongues are broad and fleshy throughout their length. It is low in families that have wedge-shaped tongues and intermediate specialization for chemosensory sampling. Narrowing of the anterior tongue may improve chemical sampling. Relative lingual area in chemosensory specialists is very high, with progressive narrowing toward the base as optimal sampling shape is approached in taxa lacking lingual function in swallowing, prehension or prey manipulation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02036744
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Prolonged poststrike elevation in tongue-flicking rate with rapid onset in gila monster,Heloderma suspectum: Relation to diet and foraging and implications for evolution of chemosensory searching (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 2867-2881 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Tongue-flicking ; poststrike elevation in tongue-flicking ; strike-induced chemosensory searching ; gila monster ; lizard ; Squamata ; Helodermatidae ; snake origin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Experimental tests showed that poststrike elevation in tongue-flicking rate (PETF) and strike-induced chemosensory searching (SICS) in the gila monster last longer than reported for any other lizard. Based on analysis of numbers of tongue-flicks emitted in 5-min intervals, significant PETF was detected in all intervals up to and including minutes 41–45. Using 10-min intervals, PETF lasted though minutes 46–55. Two of eight individuals continued tongue-flicking throughout the 60 min after biting prey, whereas all individuals ceased tongue-flicking in a control condition after minute 35. The apparent presence of PETF lasting at least an hour in some individuals suggests that there may be important individual differences in duration of PETF. PETF and/or SICS are present in all families of autarchoglossan lizards studied except Cordylidae, the only family lacking linguallly mediated prey chemical discrimination. However, its duration is known to be greater than 2-min only in Helodermatidae and Varanidae, the living representatives of Varanoidea. That prolonged PETF and SICS are typical of snakes provides another character supporting a possible a varanoid ancestry for Serpentes. Analysis of 1-min intervals showed that PETF occurred in the first minute. A review of the literature suggests that a pause in tongue-flicking and delay of searching movements are absent in lizards and the few nonvenomous colubrid snakes tested. The delayed onset of SICS may be a specific adaptation of some viperid snakes to allow potentially dangerous prey to be rendered harmless by venom following voluntary release after envenomation and preceding further physical contact with the prey.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02098395
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Correspondence Between Diet and Food Chemical Discriminations by Omnivorous Geckos (Rhacodactylus) (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 26 (2000), S. 755-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Chemosensory behavior ; tongue-flicking ; diet ; herbivory ; Squamata ; Rhacodactylus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Chemosensory responses to food are correlated with geographic variation in diet of some colubrid snakes, but the influence of diet on chemosensory behavior has not been established generally in snakes or lizards. Most lizards are generalist predators of small animals, making it difficult to study effects of diet, but herbivory and omnivory have evolved in several lineages, providing an excellent opportunity to study the effects of dietary change on chemosensory behavior. Based on ecological considerations, I argue that inclusion of plants in the diet of lizards that evolved from ambush foragers lacking prey chemical discrimination might be expected to evolve responsiveness to plant food chemicals. If animal prey also are retained in the diet, then responsiveness to prey chemicals should evolve as well. I experimentally studied tongue-flicking and biting responses by omnivorous geckos of the genus Rhacodactylus to chemical stimuli from plant and animal foods and control substances presented on cotton swabs. The lizards exhibited significantly greater responses to plant stimuli than to control stimuli. One of two species tested responded strongly to cricket chemicals, but the other showed no significant response to mouse surface chemical stimuli. The results support the hypothesis that dietary shifts induce corresponding changes in chemosensory response, but establishment of correlated evolution between diet and food chemical discriminations in lizards will require study of many herbivores/omnivores and insectivores as controls.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005488507840
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evaluation of Swab and Related Tests as a Bioassay for Assessing Responses by Squamate Reptiles to Chemical Stimuli (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 24 (1998), S. 841-866 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Tongue-flicking ; behavior ; chemical senses ; Squamata
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The ability of squamates to detect chemical cues from adaptively important sources including prey, predators, and conspecifics has been tested frequently by presenting stimuli on cotton-tipped swabs or ceramic tiles. In many such studies the primary response variable is tongue-flicking, which is widely interpreted to indicate sampling for vomerolfaction. I review the basic experimental method and consider limitations regarding its application and interpretation and ways to overcome them. Effects of experimenter proximity and the assumed invisibility of chemical stimuli are considered, as are use of cologne as a pungency control, senses used in making chemical discriminations, and interpretation of results when there are no significant response differences among stimulus classes. Although the assumption that tongue-flicking reveals vomerolfactory sampling and the necessity of an intact vomeronasal system for normal responses to pheromones have been demonstrated where tested, very few species have been examined. In some squamates for which these assumptions have not been examined experimentally, especially eublepharid geckos, attacks on swabs bearing prey chemicals and performance of antipredatory displays in response to predator chemicals occur with no prior tongue-flicking. Not only are assays based on tongue-flicking useless in such cases, but the discriminations are likely based on olfaction. Issues specific to the study of responses to prey chemicals, predator chemicals, and pheromones are discussed. For many purposes, swab tests provide rapid, conclusive assays of ability to respond differentially to biologically relevant stimuli. However, other methods may be superior for studying some responses, and swab tests are not always applicable.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022373517653
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Discrimination Between Self-Produced Pheromones and Those Produced by Individuals of the Same Sex in the Lizard Cordylus cordylus (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 25 (1999), S. 197-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Behavior ; pheromone ; self-recognition ; tongue-flicking ; Squamata ; Cordylidae
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Male and female Cordylus cordylus can discriminate between tiles labeled by their own pheromones and tiles labeled by individuals of the same sex, as shown by elevated tongue-flick rates in which the tongue contacts only air above the tiles labeled by other individuals and tongue-flicks in which the tongue contacts the tiles themselves. Potential pheromone sources for these discriminations are the femoral glands, cloacal glands, generation glands, ventral skin, and excretory products. Although studied in few species, pheromonal discriminations between self and other individuals, familiar and unfamiliar individuals, and kin and unrelated individuals appear to be broadly distributed in lizards, occurring in Iguania and in both Gekkonoidea and Scincomorpha within Scleroglossa. Both sexes of C. cordylus defend territories against both sexes. An ability to distinguish pheromones of other individuals of the same sex from self-produced pheromones would allow detection of intruders, but pheromonal discriminations among individuals would be more useful. Adaptive functions of pheromonal discriminations for residents and nonresidents and discriminatory abilities required are discussed. Tongue-flicks touching labeled tiles differed between experimental conditions, suggesting vomerolfactory discrimination, but the interpretation of a similar difference for tongue-flicks that contacted no substrate is problematical. Such air tongue-flicks might indicate sampling of volatile molecules for delivery to the vomeronasal organs. Experiments are needed to conclusively determine the sensory bases of the discriminations and the role of air tongue-flicks.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020801503263
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
Schließen ⊗
Diese Webseite nutzt Cookies und das Analyse-Tool Matomo. Weitere Informationen finden Sie hier...