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  • Sitobion fragariae  (3)
  • Indian Ocean  (2)
  • Oxalis tuberosa  (2)
  • 1
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    Tsunami Science: Ten years after the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami : Volume II (2016)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Tsunami ; Indian Ocean
    Description / Table of Contents: Ten years ago, on December 26, 2004, one of the world’s most destructive natural disasters occurred. A magnitude Mw 9.1 earthquake (third strongest ever instrumentally recorded) generated a global tsunami that killed about 230,000 people along the coasts of 14 countries in the Indian Ocean and propagated as far as the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans. Since then, various countries from around the globe contributed major funding to tsunami research and mitigation, enabling the installation of hundreds of new high-precision instruments, the development of new technology and the establishment of more modern communication systems. As a result, incredible progress has been achieved in tsunami research and operation during the ten years after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. The papers presented in this second of two special volumes of Pure and Applied Geophysics reflect the state of tsunami science during this time, including two papers devoted to global observations. Five papers provide new findings specifically in the Indian Ocean. Eight papers cover Pacific Ocean studies, focusing mainly on the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. Remaining papers in the volume describe studies in the Atlantic and Mediterranean and general tsunami source studies. The volume is of interest to scientists and practitioners involved in all aspects of tsunamis from earthquake source processes to transoceanic wave propagation and coastal impacts. Postgraduate students in geophysics, oceanography and coastal engineering – as well as students in the broader geosciences, civil and environmental engineering – will also find the book to be a valuable resource, as it combines recent case studies with advances in tsunami science and natural hazards mitigation.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 406 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034809597
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/172/12/
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Unknown
    Tsunami Science: Ten years after the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami : Volume I (2015)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Tsunami ; Indian Ocean
    Description / Table of Contents: This is the first volume of a collection of essays focusing on progress in tsunami science since the great tsunami of 26 December. A magnitude Mw 9.1 earthquake (third strongest ever instrumentally recorded) generated a global tsunami that killed about 230,000 people along the coasts of 14 countries in the Indian Ocean and propagated as far as the North Pacific and North Atlantic. Since then, various countries from around the globe contributed major funding to tsunami research and mitigation, enabling the installation of hundreds of new high-precision instruments, the development of new technology and the establishment of more modern communication systems. As a result, incredible progress has been achieved in tsunami research and operation during the ten years after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. The papers presented in this first of two special volumes of Pure and Applied Geophysics reflect the state of tsunami science during this time. Eight papers are related to case studies highlighting regional hazards around the globe, while five papers record progress in tsunami warning systems. Benchmark studies that describe the accuracy of numerical models for tsunami impact, as well as a variety of inundation and generation studies, are presented by 7 additional papers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 390 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034809115
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/172/3/
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of stylar incompatibility in the Andean clonal tuber crop oca (Oxalis tuberosa Mol., Oxalidaceae) (2000)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 13 (2000), S. 105-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Oca ; Oxalis tuberosa ; Floral heteromorphy ; Self-incompatibility ; Pollen fertility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Long-, mid-, and short-styled clonal accessions of oca (Oxalis tuberosa) were intercrossed in a complete diallelic design. Pollen tube growth in styles was monitored in all diallelic crosses. Pollen fertility was estimated by two tests: staining of pollen grains with aceto-carmine and detection of β-galactosidase activity by the substrate X-Gal. The two methods of pollen fertility estimation were equally useful to detect fertility levels. Pollen originating from short stamens had the highest fertility (85%) and pollen from long stamens had the lowest fertility (70%). Pollen fertility was high throughout, but its degree varied with the stylar morph on which the pollen was formed. Long-styled accessions had the highest rates of fertile pollen. Differences in pollen fertility at different anther levels in the same style morph were also apparent. Pollen grain diameter of the six morph-anther level combinations was inversely correlated with pollen fertility. Pollen grains from long stamens were the largest and pollen grains from short stamens were the smallest. Neither pollen fertility nor pollen grain size had an influence on pollen tube growth in the style or on fruit and seed set. Pollen tubes growing within the styles were inhibited at a different level for each of the 18 cross combinations in the diallel. Although legitimate crosses had greatest pollen tube growth, some of the illegitimate inter- and intramorph crosses had equally high scores. Of all illegitimate crosses, mid-styled seed parents had the lowest level of stylar incompatibility. Fruit and seed set were highly correlated with the extent of pollen tube growth in the style. The number of pollen tubes entering ovules in a flower was in good agreement with the number of seeds produced per fruit. Therefore, it is concluded that stylar incompatibility is the major determinant of limited seed formation in oca even in the most successful legitimate cross combinations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004970000040
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular markers to differentiate two morphologically-close species of the genus Sitobion (1999)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 92 (1999), S. 217-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Sitobion avenae ; Sitobion fragariae ; RAPD ; PCR ; microsatellites ; mtDNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A set of molecular markers to differentiate the aphid (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) species Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) from Sitobion fragariae (Walker), is presented. These markers correspond to (1) a region of the mitochondrial DNA, (2) five species-specific RAPD banding patterns and (3) four microsatellite loci. Each of the markers was able to clearly distinguish between the species. The utility of each molecular marker is discussed. Mitochondrial DNA is best applicable to species determination and relative abundance, RAPDs to the evaluation of genetic diversity, and microsatellites to the assessment of the population genetic structure; the combined use of mtDNA with the other techniques can be of importance when the presence of hybrids is suspected, and RAPDs with microsatellites are best used together in population genetics and host preference studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003855919065
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salivation into sieve elements in relation to plant chemistry: the case of the aphid Sitobion fragariae and the wheat, Triticum aestivum (1999)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 91 (1999), S. 111-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: sieve element ; salivation ; aphid ; plant resistance ; wheat ; Sitobion fragariae ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Extended sieve element salivation (E1 waveform in the electrical penetration graph) is a characteristic activity during early sieve element punctures, particularly in resistant plants. In order to explore a chemically-mediated mechanism of resistance associated with sieve element salivation, we compared the pattern of feeding behaviour of the aphid, Sitobion fragariae (Walker), on two cultivars of the wheat Triticum aestivum L., with different concentrations of hydroxamic acids (Hx). During 24 h of electronic monitoring, aphids dedicated over 50% of the total time to phloem ingestion from the sieve elements. Total time allocated to E1 in the experiment, time to first E1 within the experiment, time allocated to E1 before a sustained phloem ingestion (E2) and the contribution of sieve element salivation to the phloem phase (E1/[E1+E2]) were significantly higher in the high-Hx cultivar. The increased salivation in plants with higher contents of Hx suggests the existence, at least in this system, of a chemically-mediated sieve element constraint.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003628703035
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Previous Exposure to Hydroxamic Acids in Probing Behavior of Aphid Sitobion fragariae on Wheat Seedlings (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 25 (1999), S. 771-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Aphid ; experience ; probing behavior ; sieve elements ; salivation ; cell punctures ; hydroxamic acids ; EPG ; Sitobion fragariae ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We hypothesized that aphids after previous exposure to hydroxamic acids (Hx), a family of secondary plant compounds deleterious to aphids, are able to reduce their subsequent exposure to them. This hypothesis was tested by evaluating the time to produce salivation into a sieve element (SSE) by the aphid Sitobion fragariae on seedlings of two wheat cultivars of Triticum aestivum differing in their concentration of Hx. The total time to produce a first SSE was significantly longer in the high-Hx cultivar; however, the subsequent, second SSE (first SSE after interruption of probing) in this cultivar was significantly reduced, reaching the level observed in the low-Hx plants. Therefore, a strategy to reduce the exposure to secondary compounds was observed only in the second SSE in high-Hx plants. When the experimental plant was replaced by a new unattacked plant after the first SSE, aphids did not change the behavior described, thus excluding an aphid-induced plant susceptibility. The number of cell punctures and accumulated duration was not affected by previous exposure to Hx, either in low or high Hx cultivars. Total time and pathway time but not cell punctures, seem to be the variables affected by previous exposure to Hx.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020836515674
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Germplasm conservation of oca (Oxalis tuberosa Mol.) through botanical seed. Seed formation under a system of polymorphic incompatibility (1998)
    Springer
    Euphytica 101 (1998), S. 133-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oxalis tuberosa ; oca ; reproductive biology ; breeding system ; tristyly ; genetic resources
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Seven clonal accessions representing all three stylar morphs of tristylous oca were intercrossed and selfed in a complete diallelic crossing design. The four traits total capsule production, total number of seeds/capsule, total number of seeds containing an embryo/capsule, and percent seeds containing an embryo of all seeds per capsule were recorded. Both capsule and seed production were highest in the legitimate pollinations (in which styles are pollinated with pollen of the corresponding anther level), but also in illegitimate pollinations of mid-styled seed parents with long-level anther pollen of short-styled accessions. All 18 types of pollination, consisting of 6 legitimate, 6 illegitimate intermorph, and 6 illegitimate intramorph pollinations, expressed gradually different levels of capsule and seed production. Intramorph pollinations and selfs of mid-styled seed parents were less incompatible than intramorph pollinations and selfs of the long- and short-styled morphs. All accessions studied expressed an intact system of heteromorphic stylar incompatibility despite their exclusive clonal propagation for millennia. A maximum of 16,3 seeds/capsule containing an embryo was obtained in an individual legitimate cross of two accessions, although an average of 25 ovules are present in a flower of O. tuberosa. The results are discussed in relation to the establishment of a genebank based on botanical seed of this clonally propagated, valuable Andean tuber crop.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018336003573
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