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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analysis of the moisture-related properties of hydrolyzed polyester (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 4477-4491 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Alkaline hydrolysis causes pitting of the surface of polyester (PET) fibers and films and improves their wettability, as indicated by contact angle measurements. The enhanced wettability is due to an increase in either the number or the accessibility of polymer hydrophilic groups to water and/or an increase in the roughness of sample surfaces. The increase of void space in the PET yarn and fabric structure, induced by treatment in aqueous NaOH together with the increased wettability of the fibers, was effective in improving the moisture transport properties of the materials. The NaOH-treated PET fabrics transported the water further than isolated corresponding yarns, possibly because, in the fabrics, the spaces between the yarns acted as an additional reservoir that permitted further wicking to occur. It is apparent from immersion and equilibrium wicking capacity tests that a hydrophilic topical finish, as well as a change in the yarn/fabric structure and the hydrophilicity of their surfaces can increase the water holding capacity of PET fabric. The moisture regain and water retention values of the samples were determined, and it was found that such tests are not sufficiently sensitive to distinguish between the hydrophilicity of nontreated PET fabrics and that of PET fabrics modified either by application of a topical finish or by NaOH treatment.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070271135
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analysis of the moisture-related properties of hydrolyzed polyester (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 28 (1983), S. 2465-2466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1983.070280732
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential synthesis of cholesterol esterase by monocyte-derived macrophages cultured on poly(ether or ester)-based poly(urethane)s (1998)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 39 (1998), S. 469-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: poly(urethane)s ; monocyte-derived macrophages ; cholesterol esterase ; biodegradation ; biostability ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Monocytes adherent to implanted biomaterials differentiate into macrophages while synthesizing large amounts of degradative enzymes, including cholesterol esterase (CE), which previously has been shown to degrade poly(urethane)s. Human peripheral blood monocytes were cultured on tissue culture grade polystyrene (PS), and two model poly(urethane)s were synthesized from (1) polycaprolactone (PCL) and (2) polytetramethylene oxide (PTMO), both with 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and ethylene diamine (ED). The increase in CE and total protein per cell were measured on days 8 and 28 in culture and normalized to the DNA content per cell. At day 8 there consistently were fewer cells remaining on the PTMO-based polymer than on the PCL-based polymer or the PS (p 〈 0.05). When comparing day 28 to day 8, there was more CE activity and protein per cell on all materials. However, there was a disproportionate synthesis of CE per mg of total protein on PS and TDI/PCL/ED whereas on PTMO there was not. Significantly, there was more protein and CE per cell on PTMO than on PS or TDI/PCL/ED (p 〈 0.05). This in vitro model system of the chronic phase of inflammation has shown that it is possible to culture monocytes for a month and assess the material surface itself as a potent activator of the differentiation into macrophages without secondary stimulation. Since CE has been shown to degrade poly(ether and ester)-based poly(urethane)s, the differential production of this enzyme relative to the total protein on different surfaces may impact on the potential long-term biostability of an implanted material. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 39, 469-477, 1998.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrostatic interactions in ionic homopolypeptides in solutions of moderate ionic strength (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 20 (1981), S. 2181-2194 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: At sufficiently high ionic strength, long-range electrostatic interactions in a polyelectrolyte such as poly(L-glutamic acid) might be adequately approximated in matrix calculations by use of statistical weights representing second-order interactions. The validity of this assumption has been investigated making use of experimental observations (CD spectra and titration curves) for poly(L-glutamic acid) as a function of temperature in 0.1-0.5M sodium chloride. Theoretical analysis, using a statistical weight matrix proposed by Warashina and Ikegami, is based on the Zimm-Rice theory. Implementation differs from that of Warashina and Ikegami in one respect. Refinement of the initial estimates is achieved using a form of the configuration partition function which does not assume diagonalization of the statistical weight matrix. This difference is of no consequence for the values of σ and s, but it does produce somewhat different values for the statistical weights used to represent the electrostatic interactions. The method used to treat electrostatic interactions in poly(L-glutamic acid) in 0.1M sodium chloride can be viewed as successful in that it properly reproduces the helix-coil transition and titration curves in this solvent and the molecular-weight dependence of the titration curves yields values for s in harmony with those obtained using a treatment which is independent of model, and gives a reasonable ionic-strength dependence for the electrostatic parameters. Furthermore, the model can account for measured helix-coil transitions and titration curves in homopolypeptides in which the side chain is  - (CH2)xNHCO(CH2)yCOOH. The model, however, is not exact. It does not properly account for the molecular-weight dependence of the helical content for polymers of low degree of polymerization.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1981.360201011
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-resolution nmr study of yeast tRNACUALeu and the native and denatured conformers of yeast tRNAUUGLeuSubmitted by BFR in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree in chemistry at the University of California, Riverside. (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 15 (1976), S. 325-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The high-resolution nmr spectrum of baker's yeast tRNACUALeu, a recently sequenced non-denaturable tRNA, has been compared with the spectra of the native and denatured conformers of the closely related species tRNAUUGLeu. Because of the presence of many common base pairs in the different tRNA's, it is possible to assign most of the low-field resonances to specific secondary-structure base pairs. A comparison of the observed positions of the various resonances with those predicted by a semiempirical ring-current shift theory shows a root-mean-square deviation of 0.14, 0.11, and 0.12 ppm for tRNAUUGLeu (native), and tRNAUUGLeu (denatured), respectively. These results support the ring-current shift theory currently used to interpret the low-field nmr spectra of the tRNA molecules. Differences between the predicted and observed positions of some resonances provide new evidence for higher order effects such as shifts from second nearest neighbors, anomalous shifts exerted by G·U base pairs, and tertiary-structure effects. A model that was previously proposed for the denatured conformer of tRNAUUGLeu is also supported.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1976.360150210
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An integrated approach for modeling the injection, compression, and resin transfer molding processes for polymers (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advances in Polymer Technology 12 (1993), S. 243-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-6679
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: An integrated finite element process simulator has been developed for modeling the injection, compression, and resin transfer molding processes for polymeric materials. The similarities among the three processes permit consolidation of the models into an integrated software package with low maintenance and ease of future extension. An introduction to the integration algorithm embedded in the process simulator is followed by models for injection, compression, and resin transfer molding. The validation of the injection molding portion of the integrated simulator is then addressed by comparing pressure history and filling patterns between the simulator predictions and experimental data. Tooling, processing, and quality issues - such as gating and venting design, weldline locations, and pressure and closing force requirements - are illustrated by two examples, a 3-D fan blade and a ribbed box. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 30 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adv.1993.060120303
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