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  • Artikel  (153)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (105)
  • Animals  (48)
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  • Artikel  (153)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemistry of epoxide-polycarbonate copolymer networks (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 26 (1988), S. 247-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Diepoxides and in-chain carbonate groups react readily in the presence of quarternary ammonium salts, although reaction is not observed without this catalyst. Two moles of epoxide react with each mole of carbonate. When diepoxides and polycarbonates are reacted, a three-dimensional network of chains crosslinked with carbonate groups is produced; the crosslink density is controlled by adjusting the epoxy/carbonate ratio. Tertiary amines and alkoxides also catalyze the epoxy/carbonate reaction, but these have the undesirable attribute of promoting epoxy polymerization. The presence of oligocarbonates accelerates the epoxy-amine reaction.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1988.080260124
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Polymers with alkoxy side groups from poly(butadiene) by solvomercuration-demercuration (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 24 (1986), S. 165-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1986.140240404
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Isomeric bismaleimides and polyaspartimides (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24 (1986), S. 2647-2655 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A study was conducted of the effects of meta-para isomerism on the synthesis and properties of aromatic bismaleimides and polyaspartimides. Three isomers, 3,3′-, 3,4′-, and 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethanes (methylenedianilines), were used to prepare three isomeric bismaleimides. The bismaleimides then were reacted with their respective isomeric diamines in m-cresol solution to give a series of isomeric polyaspartimides. The properties of each of the isomeric series were measured and compared. Strong flexible films were solvent cast from the two polyaspartimides derived from the 3,4′- and 4,4′-diamines and their respective bismaleimides. Tensile properties of the films from the 3,4′-diamine/3,4′-bismaleimide combination polyaspartimide were equivalent to those from the 4,4′-diamine-derived polymer. That finding, together with that polymer's lower softening temperature and the nonmutagenic nature of the 3,4′-diamine monomer, suggested a potential usefulness for 3,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane as a replacement for 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane in addition polyimides.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1986.080241021
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Methylene-bridged aromatic polyesters. Synthesis, characterization, and radiation-induced crosslinking (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24 (1986), S. 901-910 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Aromatic polyesters connected by methylene groups were synthesized. Two pairs of aromatic diacid chlorides, 3,3′-methylenedibenzoyl chloride and 4,4′-methylenedibenzoyl chloride were each polymerized via interfacial polycondensation with 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (bisphenol A), 3,3′-methylenediphenol, and 4,4′-methylenediphenol. For comparison, 3,3′-carbonyldibenzoyl chloride and 4,4′-carbonyldibenzoyl chloride were similarly polymerized with bisphenol A. Substitution of meta,meta' oriented phenylene groups for para,para' oriented phenylene groups had a significant and cumulative effect in reducing the glass transition temperatures of the polymers, thereby enhancing their processability. In air the methylene groups of the polyesters undergo oxidation and crosslinking at elevated temperatures. Electron beam irradiation of thin films of the methylene-linked polyesters at room temperature resulted in some chain extension and crosslinking, as evidenced by increased solution viscosity and gel formation. Irradiation at a temperature near or above the glass transition temperatures of the polymers greatly enhanced the tendency for the polymers to crosslink.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1986.080240508
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Graft copolymers from poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene oxide) and pivalolactone (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 26 (1988), S. 827-834 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The copolyether-polyester system resulting from the anionic graft polymerization of pivalolactone onto poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene oxide) has been formulated with differing graft densities and graft segment lengths. Wide angle x-ray scattering studies on these materials indicated an increased crystalline order with increased PVL segments/graft for similarly annealed specimens and a decrease in such order with increasing carboxylation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1988.080260312
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Investigation of the free radical polymerization of styrene in the presence of several 1,1-disubstituted ethylenes (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 901-908 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Schlagwort(e): styrene ; free radical ; addition-fragmentation chain transfer ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A variety of 1,1-disubstituted ethylenes, having an electron-withdrawing (capto) and an electron-donor (dative) substituent on the same carbon, were synthesized and added to styrene polymerizations. The dative substituents investigated were alkoxy or alkylcarbonate. After the addition of a polystyryl radical to a disubstituted ethylene, the resulting alkoxy or carbonate radicals could potentially fragment, resulting in chain termination and the formation of alkyl radicals. This process is called addition-fragmentation chain transfer (AFCT). The polymers produced during this study were examined for evidence of copolymerization and AFCT. The relative stability of the radicals generated by the fragmentation process appears to be the predominant factor controlling the ratio of copolymerization versus AFCT. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080310408
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Poly(p-Phenylenebenzobisoxazole) fiber with polyphenylene sulfide pendent groups (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 33 (1995), S. 159-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Schlagwort(e): poly(p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole) ; polyphenylene sulfide ; pendent group ; crosslinking ; heat treatment ; compressive strength ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Poly(p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole) (PBO) fiber with polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) pendent groups was made to improve PBO fiber compressive strength by crosslinking. PPS moieties allowed the polymeric network to crosslink at heat-treatment temperatures at which PBO does not thermally degrade. PBO-PPS fiber heat-treated for 30 s at 600°C did not dissolve or break up in methanesulfonic acid. Compressive strength of crosslinked fiber was about 20% better than that of unmodified PBO fiber. In another experiment, 10 mol % of 2,5-diphenylsulfideterephthalic acid was incorporated into PBO fiber. The side chain of one phenyl sulfide unit was too short to enhance crosslinking, and the fiber had about the same compressive strength as unmodified PBO fiber. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1995.080330118
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Polycarbonate-modified epoxies. I. Studies on the reactions of epoxy resin/polycarbonate blends prior to cure (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 2103-2116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Schlagwort(e): epoxy ; polycarbonate ; transesterification ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: An epoxy resin based upon the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A was modified with poly(bisphenol A carbonate) (PC). Prior to aromatic amine cure, the possible reactions in the epoxy resin/PC blend were investigated using GPC and FTIR techniques. It was shown that at 150°C, the epoxy resin acted as a plasticizer and promoted the crystallization of PC. In addition, a transesterification between the secondary hydroxyl groups in the epoxy resin with the carbonate groups in PC occurred. This reaction resulted in degraded PC chains with phenolic hydroxyl end groups. There was no evidence of reaction of epoxide groups at 150°C in this blend. At 200°C, the secondary hydroxyl groups acted as a catalyst converting most of the aromatic-aromatic carbonates to the aromaticndash;liphatic and aliphaticndash;aliphatic carbonates through transesterification. At this elevated temperature, the secondary hydroxyl groups were regenerated by the addition reaction between the epoxide groups and the phenolic hydroxyl end groups, either from the transesterification or the hydrolysis of PC. This addition reaction combining the PC chains and epoxy chains eventually resulted in a crosslinked polymer if the extent of reaction was high. Thus, by using a melt blending process at high temperature, e.g., 200°C, a copolymer network structure of PC-modified epoxy could be formed. The fracture toughness should be increased by increasing the capability for plastic deformation due to the incorporation of PC chains into the network; results will be reported in a future study. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 17 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Emulsion copolymerization of tribromophenyl maleimide with styrene (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 6 (1995), S. 671-677 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Schlagwort(e): emulsion ; copolymerization ; tribromophenyl maleimide ; styrene ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Emulsion copolymerization of Tribromophenyl Maleimide (TBPMI) and styrene was conducted by semi-batch and batch processes. The effects of monomer composition and copolymerization method on copolymerization rate, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution, latex particle size and size distribution, glass transition temperature (Tg), thermal stability and mechanical properties were investigated. A kinetic study has shown that the rate of copolymerization in the batch process increased with increasing TBPMI content in the monomer feed. For the semi-batch polymerized samples, molecular weight decreased and molecular weight distribution increased with increasing TBPMI content in the monomer feed. For the batch polymerized samples, molecular weight also decreased but no obvious tendency was observed for the molecular weight distribution when TBPMI content increased. Compared with the batch copolymers, the semi-batch copolymers have a higher molecular weight at the same initial monomer mixture composition. Latex particle size decreased, while particle size distribution slightly increased with increasing TBPMI content in both semi-batch and batch latices. The semi-batch samples exhibit only a single Tg, the value of which increses linearly with increasing TBPMI content. For the batch copolymers, two Tgs were found, reflecting a mixture of styrene-rich and TBPMI-rich copolymer chains. TGA results indicate that the thermal stability of the semi-batch copolymers increased with increasing TBPMI concentration. Young's and flexural moduli increased, while tensile and flexural strengths decreased by increasing the TBPMI content for both the semi-batch and batch specimens. The semi-batch specimens have higher tensile and flexural strenghts than the batch ones.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1995.220061005
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Toughening of graphite-epoxy composites with an electrocopolymerized high-temperature thermoplastic interphase (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 46 (1992), S. 1899-1914 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Electrocopolymerization of a high-temperature 3-carboxyphenylmaleimide-styrene interphase onto graphite fibers was carried out in an effort to toughen graphite - epoxy composites. The effects of the interphase and its thickness on the mechanical properties and the failure modes were investigated. The optimum interphase thickness was found to be about 0.16 μm. At this thickness, the average value of the DCB Mode I critical strain energy release rate is improved by about 100%, the average notched Izod impact resistance is improved by about 60%, and the average interlaminar shear strength is maintained at about the same value as the control composites. The failure mode was shifted toward more ductile failure with the inclusion of an interphase. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 16 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070461103
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