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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (4)
  • electron microscopy  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The oxidation of 63Sn/37Pb at typical soldering temperatures (1990)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 33 (1990), S. 95-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: 63Sn/37Pb solder ; transfer soldering ; liquid-alloy oxidation ; electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract 63Sn/37Pb is a common solder used in the electronics industry. The oxidation of this alloy on a soldering iron in air follows the parabolic rate law from 204–454°C and 0–600 sec. Transmission electron microscopy was used to determine the scale thickness, composition, and morphology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00665671
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An independent measurement of the amorphous content of polymers (1956)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 19 (1956), S. 485-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Attempts have been made, particularly by American workers, to exploit differences in crystalline and amorphous polymer spectra to determine crystalline/amorphous ratios. In most published work authors have been forced to rely on calibration by other methods, especially density. They have justified the use of the spectroscopic method principally on the grounds of speed in obtaining results. We propose a spectroscopic method, applicable to a number of polymers, which is entirely independent of other measurements. We are thus able to compare our results with those obtained by other methods and have in some cases been able to draw useful conclusions from apparent anomalies. Our method depends upon measurement of pure amorphous bands. We consider these to arise from the multiplicity of rotational isomers present in the amorphous phase. The pure amorphous spectrum of many polymers can be obtained, and by this means an absolute calibration of amorphous content is possible. Crystalline bands cannot be so calibrated; they are dangerous to use quantitatively, although superficially more attractive because of their sharpness. The application of the method to some common polymers including polythene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polytetrafluorethylene is described; the results are compared with values obtained by x-ray and density methods.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1956.120199310
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular weight distribution in polymethyl methacrylate (1951)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 7 (1951), S. 377-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Morey-Tamblyn turbidity method has been used to investigate the molecular weight distribution in a series of polymethyl methacrylates including commercial and experimental injection moulding powders. Evidence has been obtained that the increase in rate of polymerization occuring in the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (Norrish-Smith effect) causes widening of the distribution in high conversion polymers, but the separation into multiple peaks reported by other authors has not been observed. From an examination of specially prepared polymers, e.g., at small degrees of conversion, it is concluded that chain combination is a more likely termination process than disproportionation.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1951.120070402
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydroperoxides in oxidized polythene (1955)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 15 (1955), S. 592-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1955.120158026
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of solubility parameter theory to dentin-bonding systems and adhesive strength correlations (1998)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 41 (1998), S. 237-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: solubility parameters ; dentin ; adhesives ; interpenetrating polymer networks ; bioadhesives ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The principal aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between the solubility parameters of etched dentin, and adhesive primer solutions and adhesive bond strength. Solubility parameters characterize the molecular interactions which determine physical properties such as wetting, and thus can serve as tools to aid development of polymeric adhesives and interpenetrating polymer networks. If an adhesive monomer has a solubility parameter close to that of a polymer substrate, then the monomer may act as a solvent for the polymer and penetrate below the surface. Subsequent polymerization of the monomer may then produce an interpenetrating network, thus adhering without necessarily forming primary chemical bonds to the substrate. The dentin substrate considered in this study was abraded dentin treated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Solubility parameters δp, δh, and δd calculated for the etched dentin substrate were 20.3, 23.6, and 16.0 (J/cm3)1/2, respectively. Solubility parameters of the primers were expressed using Hansen's three-dimensional scheme. The data indicate a correlation between the calculated solubility parameters of the etched dentin, and dentin primers and the resulting bond strengths. The results corroborate the significance of solubility parameter considerations for adhesive bonding to dentin. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 41, 237-243, 1998.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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