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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 36 (1985), S. 265-272 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Embrittlement conditions of ferritic chromium steels and influence on the corrosion fatigue behaviourThe corrosion fatigue behavior of two ferritic stainless steels, with 18% and 28% chromium respectively, embrittled by α'- or sigma-phase has been studied in this investigation. No effect of the α'-phase on the corrosion fatigue behaviour in a 0.5 N or 4 N air saturated soldium chloride solution at 80 °C has been found. In the 4 N solution corrosion fatigue cracking of the 18% chromium steel in the solutionized as well as in the α'-embrittled condition is initiated by pitting at nonmetallic inclusions. Sigma-phase not only decreases the mechanical properties of the 28% chromium steel by heavy embrittlement but also leads to crack initiation by pitting in the 4 N solution at the interface sigma/ferrite. The pronounced decrease of the corrosion fatigue properties of the 28% chromium steel could well be correlated with chromium depletion of the ferrite matrix by precipitation of sigma phase.
    Notes: Der Einfluß der versprödenden Phasen α' und σ auf das Schwingungsrißkorrosionsverhalten der beiden rein ferritischen Chromstähle 1.4522 und 1.4575 (18% bzw. 28% Chrom) wurde untersucht. Sowohl in der 0,5 N als auch in der 4 N Natriumchloridlösung konnte keine Beeinflußung der Korrosionseigenschaften durch α'-Ausscheidung festgestellt werden. In Luft und der 0,5 N Lösung bewirkt die Ausscheidung von α'-Phase bei beiden Stählen eine Erhöhung der Schwingfestigkeit. Der Abfall der Korrosionsschwingfestigkeit in der 4 N Natriumchloridlösung wird beim 18%-Chromstahl, im lösungsgeglühten und α'-versprödeten Zustand, durch Lochfraß an nichtmetallischen Einschlüssen herbeigeführt. Die durch die α'-Ausscheidung hervorgerufene, stärker lokalisierte Oberflächenverformung führt beim 28%-Chromstahl in der 4 N Lösung ebenfalls zur Erniedrigung der Korrosionsschwingfestigkeit. Die sigma-Phase verschlechtert einerseits die mechanischen Eigenschaften des 28%-Chromstahles und bewirkt in der 4 N Lösung Bildung von Lochfraß an der Grenzfläche sigma-Phase/Ferrit. Die Bildung von Lochfraß konnte eindeutig auf Chrom- und Molybdänverarmung in der'Ferritmatrix zurückgeführt werden.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurosecretion ; Catecholamines ; HPLC ; Immunohistochemistry ; Glyoxylic acid fluorescence ; Ophryotrocha puerilis (Annelida)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the posterior part of the brain of the protandric polychaete Ophryotrocha puerilis neurosecretory cells form prominent axon terminals. The terminals are arranged in two complexes. The perikarya of these presumably monopolar neurons are scattered in the anterior part of the cerebral perikaryal layer. In females the terminals store large amounts of neurosecretory material. It has been suggested earlier that neurosecretions of the terminals may play a role during sex reversal from females to males. Application of histamine caused the release of neurosecretory material from the respective terminals in females. However, this discharge was not followed by sex reversal. Application of reserpine had no influence on the terminals. Neither by in vivo observation nor by ultrastructural analysis any effect of reserpine on the terminal complexes could be observed. In isolated terminals filled with neurosecretory material from females, catecholamines could not be detected by HPLC. Also, polyclonal antibodies against dopamine did not stain the terminal complexes. Furthermore, the complexes did not develop any fluorescence after glyoxylic acid treatment. Therefore, the present results contradict the hypothesis that the neurosecretory material of the respective axon terminals is catecholaminergic and that it is involved in sex differentiation. The function of the secretory neurons studied here remains unclear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 265 (1991), S. 175-184 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Nervous system ; Nervous system, peripheral ; Catecholamines ; Immunohistochemistry ; Glyoxylic acid fluorescence ; Ophryotrocha puerilis (Annelida)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The complex catecholaminergic (CA) nervous system of the polychaete Ophryotrocha puerilis is documented using glyoxylic acid induced fluorescence (GIF) and immunohistochemistry. CA-neurons are found both in the central and peripheral nervous system. In the brain, about 50 CA-neurons are present in the perikaryal layer together with numerous CA fibres. Two pairs of CA perikarya are characteristic for each ganglion of the ventral nerve cord. CA-neurites in the ventral nerve cord are mainly arranged in 4 strands paralleling the longitudinal axis of the worm. Fluorescent neurons with receptive ciliary structures are present in body appendages (antennae, palps, urites, parapodial cirri), in the body-wall, and within the oesophageal wall. Furthermore, a subepidermal nerve net of free CA nerve endings has been found. After incubation of specimens with dopamine prior to the development of GIF more fluorescent perikarya could be observed; the fluorescence was also intensified. Pre-incubation with reserpine reduced the intensity of GIF. Results of high pressure liquid chromatography and immunostaining with a polyclonal antibody against a dopamine-glutaraldehyde-complex suggest that dopamine is the major CA transmitter. It is thought that dopaminergic neurons together with ciliary receptive structures act as mechano- and/or chemoreceptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Scanning electron microscope images are presented of mica surfaces treated with an initiator and heated in the presence of styrene to obtain a grafted polymer. These images show “droplets” of size corresponding to that of individual polystyrene molecules. Other experimental evidence is presented which suggests that the droplets are indeed individual molecules. The images are believed to be the first ever obtained of individual, “tethered” synthetic polymer molecules.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 67 (1995), S. 1143-1143 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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