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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electromagnetic probes of nuclear collisions at intermediate energy (1985)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 321 (1985), S. 589-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 34.50.Fa ; 25.70.−z
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We show that emission of high-energy electrons and photons in nuclear collisions at intermediate energies is sensitive to the space-time evolution of the reaction. The electron and photon spectra measure related but complementary quantities connected with the nuclear charge distribution. We show that at 60 MeV/u beam energy production of 50 MeV electrons is predicted to measurable probability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01432434
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Systematics of spontaneous positron lines (1986)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 323 (1986), S. 261-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 34.50.Fa ; 25.70.Ef ; 12.20.Fv
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Dynamical and spontaneous positron emission are investigated for heavy-ion collisions with long time delay using a semiclassical description. Numerical results and analytical expressions for the characteristic quantities of the resulting spontaneous positron line, i.e., its position, width, and cross section, are compared. The expected behaviour of the line position and cross section and its visibility against the spectrum of dynamically created positrons is discussed in dependence on the united chargeZ u of projectile and target nucleus in a range of systems fromZ u =180 up toZ u =188. The results are confronted with presently available experimental data, and possible implications on further experiments are worked out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01283784
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Positron line structures in U-U collisions (1986)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 323 (1986), S. 275-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 34.50.Fa ; 25.70.Gh ; 12.20.Fv
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract U-U collisions at energies near the Coulomb barrier are discussed. A quantum mechanical treatment of nuclear motion including the influence of quasibound states in a pocket of the scattering potential is developed. Positron emission probabilities are calculated exhibiting a sharp line due to the decay of a hole in the supercritical 1s-state. In addition conversion processes and multiple pockets in the potential creating sidebands in the spectrum are computed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01283785
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic excitations in heavy ion collisions with sequential fission (1988)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 329 (1988), S. 365-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 34.50.Fa ; 25.70.Lm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We calculateδ-electron and positron distributions resulting from heavy ion collisions under consideration of a sequential fission in the outgoing channel. The resulting spectra are found to be only weakly sensitive to the underlying dynamics of the fission process. Thus experiments of deep inelastic scattering provide information mainly on the primary reaction process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01290242
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aminomethylenphosphonsäuren als Korrosionsinhibitoren für Aluminiumpigmente in wäßrigen Medien (1994)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 45 (1994), S. 467-473 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Aminomethylenephosphonic acids as corrosion inhibitors for aluminum pigments in aqueous mediaFlakelike aluminum pigments (aluminum content 〉99.5%) are corroded in aqueous alkaline mixtures of water and butyl glycol. Aminomethylenephosphonic acids inhibit this corrosion reaction. The temporal progress of the corrosion is determined by volumetric analysis of the evolved hydrogen. Direct comparison of aminomethylenephosphonic acids with analogous aminomethylenecarboxylic acids shows that the phosphonic acid group inhibits the corrosion significantly better than the carboxylic group. The actual corrosion inhibitors are in both cases (soluble) aluminum(III)-chelates, which are formed by a chemical reaction of the aminomethylenphosphonic resp.-carboxylic acids with the aluminum surface. This is proved by measuring the concentration of dissolved aluminum(III) in the corrosion medium with the help of atomic absorption spectroscopy and by using aluminum(III)chelates as corrosion inhibitors.
    Notes: Blättchenförmige Aluminiumpigmente (Aluminiumgehalt 〉99,5%) werden in alkalischen Gemischen aus Wasser und Butylglykol korrodiert. Durch Aminomethylenphosphonsäuren wird these Korrosionsreaktion inhibiert. Der zeitliche Verlauf der Korrosion wird durch gasvolumetrische; Bestimmung des entstehenden Wasserstoffs ermittelt. Der direkte Vergleich von Aminomethylenphosphonsäuren mit strukturanalogen Aminomethylencarbonsäuren ergibt, daß die Phosphonsäuregruppe deutlich besser korrosionsinhibierend wirkt als die Carbonsäuregruppe. In beiden Fällen sind die eigentlichen Korrosionsinhibitoren relativ leicht lösliche Aluminium(III)-Chelatkomplexe, die sich durch chemische Reaktion der Aminomethylenphosphon- bzw. -carbonsäuren mit der Aluminiumoberfläche bilden. Dies wird durch Messung der Konzentration von gelöstem Aluminium(III) im Korrosionsmedium durch Atomabsorptionsspektroskopie und durch den Einsatz von Aluminium(III)-Chelatkomplexen als Korrosionsinhibitoren nachgewiesen.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19940450806
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einfluß des pH-Wertes auf die Korrosionsinhibierung von Aluminiumpigmenten durch Styrol-Maleinsäure-Copolymere (1997)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 48 (1997), S. 95-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Effect of pH on the corrosion inhibition of aluminium pigments by styrene-maleic acid copolymersAluminium pigments corrode in a mixture of water and butyl glycol in the ratio 9:1 with the evolution of hydrogen. The aluminium pigment without corrosion inhibitors reacts at pH 10 faster than at pH 8. Styrene-maleic acid copolymers inhibit this corrosion reaction; the corrosion inhibiting effect increases with decreasing acid number of the copolymers. With addition of low-molecular styrene-maleic acid copolymers (relative molar mass ≤ 60000) less hydrogen is evolved at pH 8 than at pH 10; the solubility of aluminium(III) in the corrosion medium is at pH 8 lower than at pH 10. With addition of high-molecular styrene-maleic acid copolymers (relative molar mass ≥ 100000) it is just the other way round: At pH 8 more hydrogen is evolved than at pH 10; the solubility of aluminium(III) in the corrosion medium is at pH 8 higher than at pH 10.
    Notes: Aluminiumpigmente korrodieren in einem Gemisch aus Wasser und Butylglykol im Verhältnis 9:1 unter Wasserstoffentwicklung. Dabei wird das Aluminiumpigment ohne inhibierende Zusätze bei pH 10 schneller als bei pH 8 umgesetzt. Styrol-Maleinsäure-Copolymere inhibieren diese Korrosionsreaktion, wobei deren korrosionsinhibierende Wirkung mit abnehmender Säurezahl steigt. Bei Zusatz von niedrigmolekularen Styrol-Maleinsäure-Copolymeren (Molmasse ≤ 60000) wird bei pH 8 weniger Wasserstoff entwickelt als bei pH 10; gleichzeitig ist die Löslichkeit von Aluminium(III) im Korrosionsmedium bei pH 8 kleiner als bei pH 10. Bei Zusatz von hochmolekularen Styrol-Maleinsäure-Copolymeren (Molmasse ≥ 100000) ist es genau umgekehrt: Bei pH 8 wird mehr Wasserstoff entwickelt als bei pH 10; dabei ist die Löslichkeit von Aluminium(III) bei pH 8 größer als bei pH 10.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19970480204
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Korrosionsinhibierung von Aluminiumpigmenten durch Ester der Gallussäure (1997)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 48 (1997), S. 755-758 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Corrosion inhibition of aluminium pigments by esters of gallic acidAluminium pigments corrode in mixtures of water and butyl glycol with the evolution of hydrogen, which can easily be measured gasvolumetrically. This corrosion reaction can be inhibited with addition of esters of gallic acid (gallates). The corrosion inhibiting effect of the gallates increases with increasing chain length of the ester alcohol; this connexion between the chemical structure of the inhibitors and the evolved volumes of hydrogen can be correlated mathematically with the help of an exponential function. The best inhibitor dodecyl gallate, which is an amphiphilic molecule with a chelating head group, showed protective values of about 99 %. To corroborate the assumption, that amphiphilic molecules with chelating head groups are in general effective inhibitors for the examined corrosion reaction, a second example, the amphiphilic agaric acid (α-hexadecyl citric acid) was tested in comparison to the head group (citric acid); again the amphiphilic molecule inhibited the corrosion reaction of aluminium pigment more effectively as the head group alone.
    Notes: Aluminiumpigmente korrodieren in Gemischen aus Wasser und Butylglykol bei pH 8 bzw. 10 unter Wasserstoffentwicklung, was gasvolumetrisch leicht gemessen werden kann. Diese Korrosionsreaktion kann durch Zusatz von Estern der Gallussäure (Gallate) inhibiert werden. Dabei steigt die korrosionsinhibierende Wirkung der Gallate mit zunehmender Kettenlänge des Esteralkohols; dieser Zusammenhang zwischen dem chemischen Aufbau der Inhibitoren und der entwickelten Menge an Wasserstoff läßt sich mit Hilfe einer Exponential funktion mathematisch korrelieren. Mit dem besten Inhibitor Dodecylgallat, das ein Amphiphil mit zur Chelatkomplexbildung befähigter Kopfgruppe ist, wurden Schutzwerte um 99% erreicht. Um die Vermutung, das derartige Amphiphile allgemein gute Inhibitoren für die untersuchte Korrosionsreaktion sind, zu erhärten, wurde als zweites Beispiel das Amphiphil Agaricinsäure (α-Hexadecylcitronensäure) im Vergleich zur Kopfgruppe Citronensäure geprüft; auch hier inhibierte das Amphiphil die Korrosionsreaktion des Aluminiumpigments besser als die Kopfgruppe alleine.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19970481105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrocarbon resins. Erste Auflage, von R. Mildenberg. M. Zander und C. Collin, 179 Seiten, ca. 65 Abbildungen und 34 Tabellen, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1997, DM 198,-, ISBN 3-527-28617-9 (1997)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 48 (1997), S. 779-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19970481116
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Industrielle Organische Pigmente - Herstellung. Eigenschaften, Anwendung, Zweite vollständig überarbeitete Auflage, von W. Herbst und K. Hunger, 654 Seiten, 100 Abbildungen (einige farbig) und 40 Tabellen, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Weinheim 1995, DM 378.00, ISBN 3-527-28744-2 (1996)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 47 (1996), S. 227-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19960470417
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Korrosionsinhibierung bzw. -stimulation von Aluminiumpigmenten im alkalisch wäßrigen Medium durch Polyacrylsäuren (1994)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 45 (1994), S. 637-640 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Corrosion inhibition resp. stimulation of aluminium pigments in aqueous alkaline medium by polyacrylic acidsFlakelike aluminium pigments (aluminium content 〉 99.5%) are corroded in a mixture of water and butyl glycol at pH = 10 by the evolution of hydrogen. Low-molecular weight polyacrylic acids inhibit the corrosion of aluminium pigments with addition of 0.3-0.5 weight-% significantly better than high-molecular weight polyacrylic acids. By addition of very low amounts (0.05-0.1 weight-%) of polyacrylic acid the low-molecular ones show no effect whereas high-molecular polyacrylic acids stimulate the corrosion reaction. That means that high-molecular weight polyacrylic acids show a contrary action depending on their concentration. The measurement of dissolved aluminium(III) by atomic absorption spectroscopy indicates the formation of (at least partial) soluble aluminium(III)-polyacrylate-complexes whereby the solubility with addition of low-molecular weight polyacrylic acids is lower than with high-molecular.
    Notes: Blättchenförmige Aluminiumpigmente (Aluminiumgehalt 〉 99,5%) werden in einem Gemisch aus Wasser und Butylglykol bei pH = 10 schnell unter Wasserstoffentwicklung korrodiert. Niedrigmolekulare Polyacrylsäuren inhibieren bei einem Zusatz von 0,3-0,5 Gew.-% die Korrosion von Aluminiumpigmenten deutlich besser als hochmolekulare. Bei sehr niedrigen Zusatzmengen (0,05-0,1 Gew.-%) von Polyacrylsäuren zeigen die niedrigmolekularen keine Wirkung, während hochmolekulare die Korrosion stimulieren. D.h. hochmolekulare Polyacrylsäuren haben je nach Konzentration eine völlig gegensätzliche Wirkung. Die Messung von gelöstem Aluminium(III) im Korrosionsmedium durch Atomabsorptionsspektroskopie spricht für die Bildung von (zumindest teilweise) löslichen Aluminium(III)-Polyacrylat-Komplexen, wobei die Löslichkeit bei niedrigmolekularen Polyacrylsäuren niedriger ist als bei hochmolekularen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19940451202
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