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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (20)
  • 1970-1974  (20)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 12 (1974), S. 1559-1564 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Four new s-triazine polymers were prepared by the mercury-induced coupling of bromodifluoromethyl-substituted ditriazinyl-perfluoroalkane derivatives. Each polymer was composed of CF3-substituted s-triazin rings alternately joined with —CF2CF2—segments and \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\hbox{---}\hskip-5pt({\rm CF}_2 )_8 \hbox{---}$\end{document}, a mixture of —(CF3CFO(CF2)5OCF(CF3)— and —(CF3)CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2)4—, —CF2OCF2—, or —CF2SCF2—, segments. All polymers were elastomeric and displayed high temperature stability on thermogravimetric analysis. The polymers containing either —CF2OCF2— or —CF2SCF2— segments showed high temperature limits slightly lower than the other two systems.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 11 (1973), S. 731-735 
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 1149-1162 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Experimental work has been carried out to investigate the influence of molecular weight distribution and long chain branching on both viscous and elastic properties of molten polymers, using a capillary rheometer, as described in a recent paper by Han. The materials used for the study are three high-density polyethylene samples of widely different molecular weight distributions and a low-density polyethylene containing much long-chain branching. For the analysis of the experimental data, and to obtain the information on the melt elasticity, the concept of the exit pressure recently advanced by Han is used. The study shows that the sample containing long-chain branching is much more elastic than the samples containing little or no long-chain branching, and that the broader the molecular weight distribution of the material, the more elastic the material is. These findings are in conformity with those reported in the literature. Also studied were blends of two high-density polyethylenes having widely different molecular weight distributions. The results of the blends systems show a maximum in melt viscosity as well as in elasticity for a certain blending ratio. The results of the present study may be of considerable interest to those who are concerned with modifying the structure of polymer and also with determining optimum processing conditions.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 1357-1364 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Corona treatment of low-density polyethylene in oxygen or oxygen-containing gases produced bumps on the surface, while treatment in nitrogen, hydrogen, argon, or helium caused no detectable surface change. Bumps made by an oxygen corona increased in size with time and temperature of the treatment. The bumps were removed when a treated polymer sheet was dipped into solvents such as CCl4, ethanol, or 0.2% aqueous NaOH. Infrared analysis indicated that most of the oxidized layer was eliminated from the polymer surface by solvent dipping and that the degraded products contained a substantial proportion of —CH2— groups. It is suggested that the bumps are caused by the migration of low molecular weight degradation products to charged areas of the polymer surface.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 2589-2603 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Isothermal melt spinning experiments were carried out to investigate the elongational flow behavior and spinnability of polymer blends and a calcium carbonate-filled polypropylene. Blends chosen for study were mixtures of polystyrene (Dow Chemical, Styron 678) with high-density polyethylene (Union Carbide, DMDJ 4309), and mixtures of polystyrene (Dow Chemical, Styron 686) with high-density polyethylene (Union Carbide, DMDJ 4309). For the study, measurements were taken of the thread diameter by photographic techniques and of the thread tension by means of a Saxl tensiometer. These measurements were later used to determine the elongational viscosity of the material investigated. It was found that, in all the blends and filled systems investigated, the elongational viscosity decreases with elongation rate and that the relationship between the elongational viscosity and blending ratio is very complex. An attempt is made to offer explanations of the observed complicated relationship with the aid of microphotographs of fiber samples, which display the complexity of fiber morphology in two-phase systems. It was also found that there exists some correlation between the elongational viscosity and the maximum stretch ratio which may be considered as representing fiber spinnability.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 2671-2691 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The thermal decomposition of poly(oxypropylene) glycols was studied under nitrogen and dynamic operating conditions over the temperature range of 320° to 700°K by means of a differential scanning calorimeter. The differential energy losses due to changes in emissivity of the reference and sample pans were computed by modifying the baseline of the thermograms. Kinetic parameters obtained with the help of the Borchardt and Daniels theory indicate that the reaction is zero order and that the activation energy increases with molecular weight of the polymer. The rate of heating of the sample, the rate of flow of nitrogen, and the initial mass of the sample do not have significant effects on the kinetics of the decomposition.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 1851-1854 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thermoset poly(dipropoxylated bisphenol S-fumarate) showed an increase in heat deformation resistance over thermoset poly(dipropoxylated bisphenol A-fumarate). However, the poly(dipropoxylated bisphenol S-fumarate) required the incorporation of about 20 mole-% of dipropoxylated bisphenol A into the polyester molecule to be styrene compatible. Condensation polymerization of various ratios of the dipropoxylated bisphenols with fumaric acid was employed to prepare the polyesters. The polyesters were then thermoset by crosslinking with styrene using a peroxide initiator. The thermoset of a poly(dipropoxylated bisphenol S-fumarate), into which 20 mole-% of the dipropoxylated bisphenol A had been incorporated, had a heat distortion temperature 13°C higher than the poly(dipropoxylated bisphenol A-fumarate) thermoset.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 17 (1973), S. 95-103 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Measurements were taken of the viscoelastic properties of six polymer melts by mean of the Weissenberg rheogoniometer and the Han slit/capillary rheometer. Polymers in vestigated were three high-density polyethylenes of different polydispersity, a low-density polyethylene, a polypropylene, and a polystyrene. The range of shear rates tested was from about 5.0 × 10-3 to 10 sec-1 with the Weissenberg rheogoniometer, from about 10 to 102 sec-1 with the slit rheometer, and from about 102 and 103 with the capillary rheometer: the temperature of measurement was 200°C. The three different apparatuses give consistent results over almost six decades of shear rates, yielding satisfactory correlations of shear viscosity to shear rate and of normal stress difference to shear rate.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Einige polymere Ketone mit der Carbonylgruppe in der Hauptkette (Äthylen-Kohlenmonoxid-Copolymere) wurden mittels C-Nitrosierung der Methylengruppe und Oximierung der Carbonylgruppen in Polyoxime übergeführt. Es wird angenommen, daß das Polyoxim hauptsachlich aus 1,2-Bis(hydroxyimino)trimethylen-Einheiten aufgebaut ist. Aus den Polyoximen und bivalenten Fe-, Co-, oder Ni-Salzen wurden polymere Metallkomplexe dargestellt, die zu einer umkehrbaren Aufnahme und Abgabe von molekularem Sauerstoff be fähigt sind. Insbesondere der Fe-Komplex kann auch Kohlenmonoxid aufnehmen und abgeben.
    Notes: Polyketones with carbonyl groups in the polymer backbone (ethylene-carbon monoxide copolymer) have been converted into a novel polyoxime by means of C-nitrosation of the methylene groups and oximation of the carbonyl groups. The polyoxime is considered to be composed largely of 1,2-bis(hydroxyimino)trimethylene units. From the polyoxime and divalent Fe-, Co-, or Ni-salts, polymeric metal chelate complexes were prepared which are capable of combining reversibly with molecular oxygen and, especially the Fe-complex, also with carbon monoxide.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde der Einfluß der sterischen Hinderung durch Polypeptid-Seitenketten auf den Wachstumsmechanismus von Polypeptidkristallen während der Polymerisation untersucht. Dabei wurden von uns Untersuchungen der Kinetik der heterogenen Polymerisation von L-Valin-LEUCHS-Anhydrid (NCA), L-Isoleucin-NCA und L-Leucin-NCA mit Butylamin als Initiator in Acetonitril und der Strukturen sowie der Morphologie der gebildeten Polymere durchgeführt. In den Anfangsstadien der Polymerisation bildeten sich Oligomere, die in dünnen, bandförmigen Kristallen mit antiparalleler β-Konformation kristallisierten. Die molekularen Anordnungen in den Kristallen wurden mit Hilfe der Elektronenbeugung untersucht. In den späteren Stadien der Polymerisation setzten die gewachsenen Poly(L-valin)- und Poly-(L-iso1eucin)-Ketten die β-Struktur weiter fort, und ihre aktiven Enden wurden in den gebildeten Kristallen eingeschlossen, was ein-Einpendeln des Umsatzes bei einem niedrigen Wert zur Folge hatte. Poly(L-leucin) andererseits schien Kristalle mit gestreckten Ketten zu bilden, die zu einem sehr hohen Umsatz führten. Dies kann nicht ohne die Annahme erklärt werden, daß sich auf den in den Anfangsstadien der Polymerisation gebildeten β-Skelettkristallen α-Helix-Ketten bilden, wie dies im Falle des Poly(L-alanins) bereits früher berichtet wurde.
    Notes: In order to examine the effect of the steric hindrance by the polypeptide side chains on the growth mechanism of polypeptide crystals in the course of polymerization, we studied kinetics of the heterogeneous polymerization of L-valine N-carboxy anhydride (NCA), L-isoleucine NCA, and L-leucine NCA initiated by butylamine in acetonitrile and the structures and morphologies of the resultant polymers. In the early stages of polymerization, oligomers formed crystallized into thin ribbon-like crystals with the antiparallel β-conformation. The molecular arrangements in the crystals were studied by electron diffractions. In the later stages, the grown chains of poly(L-valine) and poly(L-isoleucine) continued to take the β-structure and their active ends were occluded in the crystals formed, which resulted in the levelling off of the conversion at a low value. On the other hand, poly(L-leucine) seemed to give the extended chain crystal, which made the conversion very high. This can not be accounted for without assuming the formation of β-helical chains onto the β-skeleton crystals formed in the early stages of polymerization as in the case of poly(L-alanine) reported previously.
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