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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1989 (1989), S. 1029-1035 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Aldol cyclization ; Anion complexation ; Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonadienes ; Indolo[2,3-a]quinolizidines, dimerisation of ; NMR effect through space ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Curare-Like “Dimers” of the Indolo[2,3-a]quinolizine Series Containing a Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonadiene Ring System3-Acetyl-7,12-dihydro-2-methyl-6H-indolo[2,3-a]quinoliz
    Notes: 3-Acetyl-7,12-dihydro-2-methyl-6H-indolo[2,3-a]chinoliziniumchlorid (1) reagiert mit Benzaldehyd oder Furfural im Mol-Verhältnis 2:1 unter Piperidin-Katalyse zu den „Dimeren“ 2a, b bzw. 3 mit Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-Gerüst. Natriumtetrahydroborat reduziert 2a zum Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonadien 7, Chlorwasserstoff in Essigsäure dehydratisiert 2a zum Mono- und Diolefin 8 bzw. 9. Der am Brücken-Kohlenstoff-Atom befindliche Benzol-(Furan-)Ring mit eingeschränkter Drehbarkeit beeinflußt insbesondere C-9 und bewirkt eine Hochfeldverschiebung der NMR-Signale der dortigen Substituenten. Die Hydroxy-Gruppen von 2a und 3 sind endo-ständig und durch Wasserstoff-Brücken fixiert. Die Stereochemie der Bildungsreaktion von 2a, b wird auf Grund der Röntgenstrukturanalyse von 7 diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Acetal ring closure ; Aldol ring closure ; Quinolizinium salts ; Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonadiene ; Pyridone methides ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 3-Acetyl-7,12-dihydro-2-methyl-6H-indolo[2,3-a]quinolizinium chloride (1) forms “dimers” (5a, b) by condensation with benzaldehyde and by means of kinetically controlled acetal ring closure (piperidine catalysis). In 5a, b the two quinolizinium units are connected by intercalation of a hydrogenated chroman system whose reactivity is attributed to the presence of a pyranoid hemiacetal structure. On standing or heating of their solution 5a, b are converted via the intermediate 4 and aldol ring closure into the thermodynamically more stable diastereoisomers 2a, b with a bicyclo[3.3.1]nonadiene system. All the ring closures occur with diastereofacial selectivity. In the case of the condensation of 1 with salicylaldehyde the Schiff base of this aldehyde with aniline replaces the aldehyde moiety as well as the piperidine catalyst and yields 10a, b under kinetically controlled conditions. By sodium tetrahydridoborate reduction in methanol 5a is converted into 7, the X-ray structural analysis of which confirms structure and stereochemistry.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1989 (1989), S. 913-928 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Antamanide, conformation, NMR, MD, X-ray ; Peptides ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Konformation von AntamanidDie Konformation des cyclischen Decapeptids Antamanid (1) in CDCl3-Lösung wurde NMR-spektroskopisch ermittelt. Zur Bestimmung der stabilsten Gerüstkonformation wurden 40 intra-molekulare Protonenabstände als „constraints“ für das GROMOS molecular dynamics Computerprogramm herangezogen. Die Kernabstände wurden aus NOE-Spektren, die bei 500 MHz und tiefer Temperatur aufgenommen wurden, erhalten. Die MD-Rechnungen zeigten, daß 1 in Lösung bis zu vier verschiedene Konformationen annimmt, die durch Rotation um die Winkel ϕ und ψ der beiden Peptidbindungen zwischen Ala4-Phe5 und Phe9-Phe10 im schnellen Gleichgewicht sind. Die Seitenketten-konformationen wurden mit Hilfe homo- und heteronuklearer Kopplungskonstanten bestimmt. Kohlenstoff-Relaxationszeiten lieferten Informationen über Beweglichkeiten. Drei neue Antamanid-Analoge, in denen jeweils Pro3, Pro7 oder Pro8 durch γ-Thiaprolin (Thz) ersetzt wurde, wurden synthetisiert und aus Aceton/Wasser kristallisiert. Die Röntgenstrukturanalysen dieser Thz-Derivate zeigen kompakte Strukturen, die durch intramolekulare Wasserstoffbrücken zu je vier H2O-Molekülen stabilisiert werden. Die Kristallstrukturen unterscheiden sich von der Antamanid-Konformation in Lösung.
    Notes: The conformation of the cyclic decapeptide antamanide (1) in CDCl3 solution was determined by means of NMR-spectroscopic methods. Distances obtained from 40 negative NOE values at 500 MHz at low temperature were used as constraints in calculations with the GROMOS molecular dynamics program package to elucidate the most stable backbone conformation in solution. It turned out that there is a fast conformational equilibrium between up to four conformations which differ in a flip about ϕ and ψ around the two amide bonds Ala4-Phe5 and Phe9-Phe10. Side chain conformations were determined using homo- and heteronuclear coupling constants. Carbon relaxation times provide information about the internal flexibility of 1. Three new antamanide derivatives in which Pro3, Pro7, or Pro8 have been substituted by γ-thiaproline (Thz) were synthesized and crystallized from acetone/water. The X-ray analyses of these Thz derivatives demonstrate that in the presence of water antamanide adopts a preferred structure which includes four water molecules for building up a compact hydrogen-bonded structure, which differs from the conformation in chloroform sulution.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1990 (1990), S. 781-787 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: 2-Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes ; Morphanes ; Cyclohexanone, 4-acetamido ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Stereoselective Synthesis of the Substituted Morphane Framework Starting with 4-Acetamidocyclohexanone4-Acetamidocyclohexanone (2), prepared from 4-acetamido-cyclohexanol (1), has been transformed into the ethyleneacetal 3b which was amidated with pyruvic and 2-oxobutyric acid to give 3c and d, respectively. After removal of the protecting group (4a, b) the amide is treated with sodium hydride in tetrahydrofuran or with sodium ethylate in ethanol. Depending on the reaction conditions 4b is transformed into the aldol 6 or the cyclised aldol 5b (5a from 4a, respectively) with 2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane structure and endo-positioned hydroxy group. Constitution and stereochemistry has been proved by X-ray structure analysis of 7a. The stereochemistry of the ring closure reaction corresponds to the transition state postulated.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1992 (1992), S. 461-466 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Strychnopivotine ; 2-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]octanes ; Isoquinuclidines ; Cyclohexanone, 4-acetamido- ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Experiments Directed to the Synthesis of Strychnopivotine and a New Synthesis of the Isoquinuclidine FrameworkThe 2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (keto-morphane) 2 can be transformed via the enamine 4 into the dithio-dioxolane derivative 6 of the corresponding 6,7-diketone. After hydrolysis of the dithio group and formation of the monoprotected diketone 3 Fischer cyclisation yields the isodasycarpidone derivative 7, an intermediate to a synthesis of strychnopivotine (1a).  -  In view of the likewise desired tricyclus 8 for a synthesis of strychnopivotine, a cyclisation of ketoamide 9 was tried under standard conditions. By aldol-ring closure, however, not the expected 2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane 14 was formed, but instead the 2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivative (isoquinuclidine) 15. The preparation of 9 via the intermediates 10-13 is described.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1993 (1993), S. 705-710 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Azocino[4.3-b]indole, 1,5-methano- ; Carbazoles ; Hexahydrocarbazoles ; Strychnos alkaloids ; Alkaloids ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of the Azocino[4.3-b]indole Core Structure of Strychnos AlkaloidsMichael addition of ethylmalonic dimethyl or diethyl ester with cyclohexenone and subsequent Fischer indole ring closure afford the (tetrahydrocarbazolyl)malonic esters 4a-c. Decarboxylation of 4a leads to the corresponding butyric acid methyl ester 5 which is oxidized by DDQ to the 4-oxo derivative 6a (byproduct: carbazole 7). Oximation of 6a to 8a and acylation of the oxime group to 8b, c as well as hydrogenation of this group yield 9a, b. Subsequent hydrogenation of the tetrahydrocarbazole ring by means of borane/pyridine yields the hexahydrocarbazole derivatives 10a and b. By cyclisation in boiling o-xylene (sodium hydride catalysis) 10a is converted into the tetracyclic 1,5-methanoazocino[4.3-b]indole derivative 11a with an alkaloid analogous ethyl side chain. The X-ray structural analysis of the corresponding phenylsulfonyl derivative 11b confirms constitution and stereochemistry. As a diastereoisomer of 11a the byproduct 11c could be isolated.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Peptide Conformations, 22.- The Conformation of cyclo-[Pro2-(NB)Gly] in the crystal and Solution X-ray Analysis and one-and two-dimensional NMR- SpectroscopyThe conformation of the cyclic tripeptide cyclo-[Pro2-(NB)Gly] (NB - o-Nitrobenzyl) was investigated by X-ray analysis and NMR spectroscopy. The backbone conformation is - according to X-ray analysis - a boat for crystals grown from methanol or chloroform. The crystal structure was correlated with the conformation in solution by solid state 13C-CP-MAS-NMR spectroscopy as well as by dissolving of different crystals at low temperatures followed by NMR spectroscopy of the solutions. In solution a solvent dependent equilibrium - slow on the NMR spectroscopy of the solutions. In solution a solvent dependent equilibrium - slow on the NMR time scale - between a boat and a crown conformation is observed. The assignment of the 13C NMR spectrum was performed via a 2D-1H-13C shift correlation. The synthesis of the compound is described
    Notes: Die Konformation des cyclischen Tripeptides cyclo-[Pro2-(NB)Gly] (NB = o-Nitrobenzyl) wurde durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse und NMR-Spektroskopie untersucht. In aus Methanol oder Chloroform gezüchteten Kristallen liegt das Peptidgerüst nach dem Befund der Röntgenstrukturanalyse in einer Bootkonformation vor. Die Korrelation der Kristallstruktur mit der Konformation in Lösung wurde durch Festkörper-13C-CP-MAS-NMR-Spektroskopie sowie durch Lösen verschiedener Kristalle bei tiefen Temperaturen und hochauflösende NMR-Spektroskopie erbracht. In Lösung wird ein vom Solvens abhängiges, im Sinne der NMR-Zeitskala langsames Gleichgewicht zwischen der Boot- und der Kronenkonformation beobachtet. Die Zuordnung der 13C-NMR-Spektren erfolgte durch 2D-1H-13C-Verschiebungskorrelation. Die Synthese der Titelverbindung wird beschrieben.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Indoles and Indole Alkaloids, XXI. - Preparation of 4-(Acetylamino)-1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by [4+2] Cycloadditions of 3-Indolyl-enimides and -enamidesTreatment of the oximes of the 3-acetylindoles 1 and 5 with acetic anhydride in pyridine results in the formation of the formation of the enimides 2 and 7, which slowly undergo cycloadditions with acrolein and derivatives of acrylic acid to form 3 and 10, respectively. Compound 7 may be solvolyzed to yield the enamide 9, which cyclizes with acrolein and acrylic acid derivatives under mild conditions and in good yields to give 11-13. In the same manner the 4-oxo-tetrahydrocarbazole 14 reacts to form the tetracyclic compound 19 via the enamide 18. - The conjugated enimides and enamides described in this paper represent new dienes of the indole series in which the indole double bond is a constituent of a specially substituted 3-vinylindole system. - The structures of 11 and 19 are proved by X-ray analyses.
    Notes: Durch Einwirkung von Acetanhydrid in Pyridin auf die Oxime der 3-Acetylindole 1 und 5 lassen sich die Enimide 2 und 7 darstellen, die bei Raumtemperatur langsam Cycloadditionen mit Acrolein und Acrylsäurederivaten zu 3 bzw. 10 eingehen. 7 läßt sich zum Enamid 9 solvolysieren, welches in guten Ausbeuten und unter milden Bedingungen mit Acrolein und Acrylsäurederivaten zu den Addukten 11-13 reagiert. Auf analoge Weise erhält man aus dem 4-Oxotetrahydrocarbazol 14 über das entsprechende Enamid 18 die tetracyclische Verbindung 19. - Die hier beschriebenen konjugierten Enimide und Enamide stellen neuartige Diene der Indolreihe dar, bei denen die Indoldoppelbindung Teil eines speziell substituierten 3-Vinylindol-Systems ist. - Die Strukturen von 11 und 19 sind durch Röntgenstruktur-analysen gesichert.
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