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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 110 (1988), S. 1033-1049 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 116 (1983), S. 3164-3181 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Peptide Conformations, 27, cyclo-[L-Pro-(Bzl)Gly-D-Pro]. Synthesis and Conformation in the Crystal and in Solution270, 300, and 500 MHz 1H and 67.89 MHz 13C NMR spectra of cyclo[L-Pro-(Bzl)Gly-D-Pro] (1) (Bzl = N-Benzyl) were analyzed with the aid of two-dimensional techniques. A 300 MHz spin echo correlated 1H NMR spectrum (SECSY) yielded the information about coupling pattern. Small long range couplings, which are important for signal assignments, were detected by a special modification of the Jeener spectroscopy. This spectrum is compared with the conventional Jeener spectrum. Carbon- and proton-connectivities result from a 2D-1H-13C shift correlation. Coupling constants and chemical sift values in the proline rings were obtained by iterative simulation of both seven-spin systems. The interpretation of the NMR parameters yields a rapid equilibrium between two boat conformations; one of them is strongly preferred (80%). This conformation was also fond in the X-ray crystal structure.
    Notes: 270-, 300- und 500-MHz-1H- sowie 67.89-MHz-13C-NMR-Spektren von cyclo[L-Pro-(Bzl)Gly-D-Pro] (1) (Bzl = N-Benzyl) wurden mit Hilfe ein- und zweidimensionaler Techniken analysiert. Ein 300-MHz-spin-echo-korreliertes 1H-NMR-Spektrum (SECSY) lieferte die Kopplungsinformation. Für Zuordnungen wichtige sehr kleine Weitbereichskopplungen wurden durch eine spezielle Modifikation der Jeener-Spektroskopie erkannt. Dieses Spektrum wird mit dem konventionellen Jeener-Spektrum verglichen. Die Verknüpfung von Kohlenstoff- und Wasserstoff-Atomen ergab sich aus einem 2D-verschiebungskorrelierten 1H-13C-NMR-Spektrum. Die Kopplungskonstanten und chemischen Verschiebungen der Protonen wurden durch Simulation der beiden 7-Spin-Systeme der Prolinringe erhalten. Die Interpretation der NMR-Daten ergibt ein schnelles Gleichgewicht zweier Bootkonformationen, von denen jedoch eine deutlich überwiegt (80%). Diese Konformation wurde durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse auch im Kristall nachgewiesen.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 113 (1980), S. 520-530 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: tert-Butoxycarbonyl-L-α-phenylalanine. Crystal Structure and Conformational Changes in SolutionThe conformation of Boc-L-α-phenylalanine in solution (CDCl3 and CD2Cl2) was studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The crystal structure was solved by X-ray analysis. The two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit adopt both the E-conformation at the urethane bond. They are linked by a pseudo-centre of symmetry. They have very similar interatomic distances and angles. The crystal structure is formed by hydrogen bonds to give sheets in the direction of the a-axis. The Z-conformation is more stable in solution according to our NMR data. The equilibration E → Z was studied at 209 - 216 K. The evaluation of these data together with total line shape data yields the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters in table 7. The structure and the barrier of the E,Z-isomerization are discussed.
    Notes: Die Konformation von Boc-L-α-Phenylalanin in Lösung (CDCl3 und CD2Cl2) wurde mit 1H-NMR-Spektroskopie und im Kristall durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse untersucht. Die asymmetrische Einheit enthält zwei Moleküle, die nahezu zentrosymmetrisch zueinander angeordnet sind. In beiden nehmen die Urethangruppen die E-Konformation ein. Vergleichbare Bindungs-abstände und -winkel stimmen für beide Moleküle innerhalb weniger Standardabweichungen überein. Durch je zwei Wasserstoffbrücken zwischen den Molekülen wird eine Blattstruktur parallel zur α-Achse ausgebildet. In Lösung ist dagegen nach Aussage der NMR-Spektren die Z-Konformation an der Urethanbindung stabiler. Die gemeinsame Auswertung der Äquilibrierung E → Z bei 209-216 K und der Linienformanalyse ergibt die thermodynamischen und kinetischen Parameter in Tab. 7. Die Struktur und die Barriere der E,Z-Isomerisierung werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1989 (1989), S. 1029-1035 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Aldol cyclization ; Anion complexation ; Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonadienes ; Indolo[2,3-a]quinolizidines, dimerisation of ; NMR effect through space ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Curare-Like “Dimers” of the Indolo[2,3-a]quinolizine Series Containing a Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonadiene Ring System3-Acetyl-7,12-dihydro-2-methyl-6H-indolo[2,3-a]quinoliz
    Notes: 3-Acetyl-7,12-dihydro-2-methyl-6H-indolo[2,3-a]chinoliziniumchlorid (1) reagiert mit Benzaldehyd oder Furfural im Mol-Verhältnis 2:1 unter Piperidin-Katalyse zu den „Dimeren“ 2a, b bzw. 3 mit Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-Gerüst. Natriumtetrahydroborat reduziert 2a zum Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonadien 7, Chlorwasserstoff in Essigsäure dehydratisiert 2a zum Mono- und Diolefin 8 bzw. 9. Der am Brücken-Kohlenstoff-Atom befindliche Benzol-(Furan-)Ring mit eingeschränkter Drehbarkeit beeinflußt insbesondere C-9 und bewirkt eine Hochfeldverschiebung der NMR-Signale der dortigen Substituenten. Die Hydroxy-Gruppen von 2a und 3 sind endo-ständig und durch Wasserstoff-Brücken fixiert. Die Stereochemie der Bildungsreaktion von 2a, b wird auf Grund der Röntgenstrukturanalyse von 7 diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Acetal ring closure ; Aldol ring closure ; Quinolizinium salts ; Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonadiene ; Pyridone methides ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 3-Acetyl-7,12-dihydro-2-methyl-6H-indolo[2,3-a]quinolizinium chloride (1) forms “dimers” (5a, b) by condensation with benzaldehyde and by means of kinetically controlled acetal ring closure (piperidine catalysis). In 5a, b the two quinolizinium units are connected by intercalation of a hydrogenated chroman system whose reactivity is attributed to the presence of a pyranoid hemiacetal structure. On standing or heating of their solution 5a, b are converted via the intermediate 4 and aldol ring closure into the thermodynamically more stable diastereoisomers 2a, b with a bicyclo[3.3.1]nonadiene system. All the ring closures occur with diastereofacial selectivity. In the case of the condensation of 1 with salicylaldehyde the Schiff base of this aldehyde with aniline replaces the aldehyde moiety as well as the piperidine catalyst and yields 10a, b under kinetically controlled conditions. By sodium tetrahydridoborate reduction in methanol 5a is converted into 7, the X-ray structural analysis of which confirms structure and stereochemistry.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1989 (1989), S. 913-928 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Antamanide, conformation, NMR, MD, X-ray ; Peptides ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Konformation von AntamanidDie Konformation des cyclischen Decapeptids Antamanid (1) in CDCl3-Lösung wurde NMR-spektroskopisch ermittelt. Zur Bestimmung der stabilsten Gerüstkonformation wurden 40 intra-molekulare Protonenabstände als „constraints“ für das GROMOS molecular dynamics Computerprogramm herangezogen. Die Kernabstände wurden aus NOE-Spektren, die bei 500 MHz und tiefer Temperatur aufgenommen wurden, erhalten. Die MD-Rechnungen zeigten, daß 1 in Lösung bis zu vier verschiedene Konformationen annimmt, die durch Rotation um die Winkel ϕ und ψ der beiden Peptidbindungen zwischen Ala4-Phe5 und Phe9-Phe10 im schnellen Gleichgewicht sind. Die Seitenketten-konformationen wurden mit Hilfe homo- und heteronuklearer Kopplungskonstanten bestimmt. Kohlenstoff-Relaxationszeiten lieferten Informationen über Beweglichkeiten. Drei neue Antamanid-Analoge, in denen jeweils Pro3, Pro7 oder Pro8 durch γ-Thiaprolin (Thz) ersetzt wurde, wurden synthetisiert und aus Aceton/Wasser kristallisiert. Die Röntgenstrukturanalysen dieser Thz-Derivate zeigen kompakte Strukturen, die durch intramolekulare Wasserstoffbrücken zu je vier H2O-Molekülen stabilisiert werden. Die Kristallstrukturen unterscheiden sich von der Antamanid-Konformation in Lösung.
    Notes: The conformation of the cyclic decapeptide antamanide (1) in CDCl3 solution was determined by means of NMR-spectroscopic methods. Distances obtained from 40 negative NOE values at 500 MHz at low temperature were used as constraints in calculations with the GROMOS molecular dynamics program package to elucidate the most stable backbone conformation in solution. It turned out that there is a fast conformational equilibrium between up to four conformations which differ in a flip about ϕ and ψ around the two amide bonds Ala4-Phe5 and Phe9-Phe10. Side chain conformations were determined using homo- and heteronuclear coupling constants. Carbon relaxation times provide information about the internal flexibility of 1. Three new antamanide derivatives in which Pro3, Pro7, or Pro8 have been substituted by γ-thiaproline (Thz) were synthesized and crystallized from acetone/water. The X-ray analyses of these Thz derivatives demonstrate that in the presence of water antamanide adopts a preferred structure which includes four water molecules for building up a compact hydrogen-bonded structure, which differs from the conformation in chloroform sulution.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1990 (1990), S. 781-787 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: 2-Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes ; Morphanes ; Cyclohexanone, 4-acetamido ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Stereoselective Synthesis of the Substituted Morphane Framework Starting with 4-Acetamidocyclohexanone4-Acetamidocyclohexanone (2), prepared from 4-acetamido-cyclohexanol (1), has been transformed into the ethyleneacetal 3b which was amidated with pyruvic and 2-oxobutyric acid to give 3c and d, respectively. After removal of the protecting group (4a, b) the amide is treated with sodium hydride in tetrahydrofuran or with sodium ethylate in ethanol. Depending on the reaction conditions 4b is transformed into the aldol 6 or the cyclised aldol 5b (5a from 4a, respectively) with 2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane structure and endo-positioned hydroxy group. Constitution and stereochemistry has been proved by X-ray structure analysis of 7a. The stereochemistry of the ring closure reaction corresponds to the transition state postulated.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1992 (1992), S. 461-466 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Strychnopivotine ; 2-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]octanes ; Isoquinuclidines ; Cyclohexanone, 4-acetamido- ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Experiments Directed to the Synthesis of Strychnopivotine and a New Synthesis of the Isoquinuclidine FrameworkThe 2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (keto-morphane) 2 can be transformed via the enamine 4 into the dithio-dioxolane derivative 6 of the corresponding 6,7-diketone. After hydrolysis of the dithio group and formation of the monoprotected diketone 3 Fischer cyclisation yields the isodasycarpidone derivative 7, an intermediate to a synthesis of strychnopivotine (1a).  -  In view of the likewise desired tricyclus 8 for a synthesis of strychnopivotine, a cyclisation of ketoamide 9 was tried under standard conditions. By aldol-ring closure, however, not the expected 2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane 14 was formed, but instead the 2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivative (isoquinuclidine) 15. The preparation of 9 via the intermediates 10-13 is described.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1993 (1993), S. 705-710 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Azocino[4.3-b]indole, 1,5-methano- ; Carbazoles ; Hexahydrocarbazoles ; Strychnos alkaloids ; Alkaloids ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of the Azocino[4.3-b]indole Core Structure of Strychnos AlkaloidsMichael addition of ethylmalonic dimethyl or diethyl ester with cyclohexenone and subsequent Fischer indole ring closure afford the (tetrahydrocarbazolyl)malonic esters 4a-c. Decarboxylation of 4a leads to the corresponding butyric acid methyl ester 5 which is oxidized by DDQ to the 4-oxo derivative 6a (byproduct: carbazole 7). Oximation of 6a to 8a and acylation of the oxime group to 8b, c as well as hydrogenation of this group yield 9a, b. Subsequent hydrogenation of the tetrahydrocarbazole ring by means of borane/pyridine yields the hexahydrocarbazole derivatives 10a and b. By cyclisation in boiling o-xylene (sodium hydride catalysis) 10a is converted into the tetracyclic 1,5-methanoazocino[4.3-b]indole derivative 11a with an alkaloid analogous ethyl side chain. The X-ray structural analysis of the corresponding phenylsulfonyl derivative 11b confirms constitution and stereochemistry. As a diastereoisomer of 11a the byproduct 11c could be isolated.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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