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  • Artikel  (14)
  • Chemistry  (14)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (3)
  • Manganese chlorides  (1)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (14)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 1004-1010 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): mammalian cell ; disruption ; shear stress ; mechanical properties ; micromanipulation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Using mechanical cell properties measured by micromanipulation, and a model of cell distortion in laminar flow fields, a method has been developed for predicting disruption of animal cells by laminar shear stresses. Predictions of the model were compared with measured losses of cell number and viability of TB/C3 murine hybridomas sheared in a cone and plate viscometer at shear rates up to 3950 s-1, and shear stresses up to 600 Nm-2, achieved by enhancement of viscosity with dextran. In all cases, the experimental, results and predictions were within 30%. Such excellent agreement suggests it might be possible to use micromanipulation measurements of animal cell mechanical properties to predict cell damage in more complex flow fields, such as those in bioreactors. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 42 (1993), S. 987-993 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): cell disruption ; turbulent flow ; mammalian cells ; mechanical properties ; micromanipulation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Disruption of animal cells in turbulent capillary flows has been predicted from a model of cell-hydrodynamic interactions using cell mechanical properties determined by micromanipulation. Eddies of sizes similar to or smaller than the cells are presumed to interact with those cells, causing local surface deformations. The proposed mechanism of cell damage is that such deformations result in an increase in membrane tension and surface energy and that a cell disrupts when its bursting membrane tension and bursting surface energy are exceeded. The surface energy of the cells is estimated from the kinetic energy of appropriately sized eddies. To test the model, cells were disrupted in turbulent flows in capillaries at mean energy dissipation rates up to 2 × 104 m2/s3. In all cases the model underestimated the cell disruption by about 15%. Such good agreement implies that the approach of the model to the complicated phenomena of cell turbulence interactions is reasonable. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 46 (1995), S. 88-92 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): cell cycle ; hydrodynamic forces ; apoptosis ; cell culture ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Exposure of animal cells to intense hydrodynamic forces exerted in turbulent capillary flow, and by controiled agitation and aeration, resulted in preferential destruction of S and G2 cells and the extent of destruction of these cells was dependent upon the intensity of the action. The loss of these cells was possibly due to their larger size. However, the appearance of large numbers of membrane-bound vesicular structures similar to apoptotic bodies as well as cells with low DNA stainability (in a sub-G1 peak) suggested that the action of adverse hydrodynamic forces on these large cells may at least in part be to induce an apoptotic response. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 33 (1987), S. 500-502 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 6 (1994), S. 497-499 
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 61 (1996), S. 1405-1412 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Eight new copolymers containing hindered amine (HA) were synthesized by copolymerization of vinyl monomers [styrene (St), methyl methacrylate (MMA)] with new functional monomers produced by reaction of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (ATMP) and epoxy compounds containing double bond, and mixture copolymerization of vinyl monomers (St and MMA) with a mixture of ATMP and above epoxy compounds. The structure of these new copolymers were characterized by IR, NMR, and elemental analysis. The properties of these new copolymers were described and their photoprotecting effectiveness examined. Experimental results indicate that they possess high photoprotecting effectiveness comparable to or higher than that of a commercial polymeric HALS “PDS.” © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 70 (1998), S. 1100-1101 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Photochemical dry etching and surface modification of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was investigated with an incoherent excimer UV source, employing a dielectric barrier discharge in krypton chloride to provide intense narrow-band radiation at λ=222 nm (KrCl*). The roughness of the exposed PET was measured with a stylus profilometer. The morphology of the irradiated PET films was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after different exposure times and the roughness of PET can be controlled by UV intensity and exposure times. Etching rate is 40 times higher than that for photochemical etching of PET with a conventional mercury lamp. The chemical changes in the UV-exposed PET surface layer were determined using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) by measurement of the intensity of the C - C, C - O and O - C=O bonds after irradiation with the KrCl* excimer lamp.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 620 (1994), S. 1537-1542 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Schlagwort(e): Manganese chlorides ; lithium chlorides ; neutron and X-ray diffraction ; spinel-type chlorides ; fast ionic conductivity ; vacancies ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Crystal Structure and Electric Conductivity of Spinel-Type Li2-2xMn1+xCl4 Solid SolutionsThe electric conductivity of the fast lithium ion conductors Li2-2xMn1+xCl4 was measured by impedance spectroscopic methods. The conductivities obtained, e.g. ∼ 4 × 10-1 Ω-2 cm-1 at 570 K, depend only little on the lithium content. The crystal structure of Li1.6Mn1.2Cl4 was determined by neutron powder and X-ray single crystal diffraction (space group Fd3m, Z = 8, a = 1 049.39(6) pm, Rw = 1.4% on the basis of 170 reflections). The lithium deficient chloride crystallizes in an inverse spinel structure like the stoichiometric compound Li2MnCl4 according to the formula (Li0,8)[Li0,4Mn0,6]2Cl4 with vacancies () at the tetrahedral sites. The decrease of the Moct—Cl distances with the increase of x reveals that the ionic radius of Mn2+ in chlorides is equal or even smaller than that of Li+ opposite to fluorides and oxides. The —Cl distances of spinel type chlorides are 237 (tet) and 274 pm (oct), respectively. The mechanism of the ionic conductivity is discussed.
    Notizen: Die elektrische Leitfähigkeit von schnellen Lithium-Ionenleitern des Typs Li2-2xMn1+xCl4 wurde mit Hilfe der Impedanz-Spektroskopie bestimmt. Sie beträgt ca. 4 × 10-2 Ω-1 cm-1 bei 300°C und ist weitgehend unabhängig vom Lithiumgehalt. Die Kristallstruktur von Li1,6Mn1,2Cl4 wurde mittels Neutronenpulver- und Röntgeneinkristall-Messungen (Raumgruppe Fd3m, Z = 8, a = 1 049,39(6) pm, Rw = 1,4% auf der Basis von 170 Reflexen) ermittelt. Das lithiumdefiziente Chlorid kristallisiert wie Li2MnCl4 selbst in einer inversen Spinell-Struktur entsprechend (Li0,8)[Li0,4Mn0,6]2Cl4 mit Leerstellen () auf den Tetraederplätzen. Aus der Abnahme der Abstände Moct—Cl mit zunehmendem x folgt, daß der Ionenradius von Mn2+ in Chloriden im Gegensatz zu analogen Fluoriden und Oxiden gleich oder kleiner ist als der von Li+. Die —Cl-Abstände in Spinell-typ-Chloride betragen 237 (tet) und 274 pm (oct). Der Mechanismus der Ionen-Leitfähigkeit wird diskutiert.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 622 (1996), S. 1957-1962 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Schlagwort(e): Magnesium iodate ; crystal structure ; Raman spectra ; high temperature Raman- and X-ray studies, thermal analyses ; lone-pair radius of iodine(V) ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Magnesium Iodate Decahydrate Mg(IO3)2 · 10 H2O - Crystal Structure, Raman Spectra, Thermal Decomposition, Lone-Pair Radius of Iodine(V)Mg(IO3)2 · 10 H2O crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 (a = 654.25(9), b = 1109.8(2), c = 1176.7(2) pm; α = 105.470(8), β = 104.086(8), γ = 101.744(8)°; Z = 2). The structure has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 273 K, and refined to a final R value of 0.0272 for 4372 observed reflections (I 〉 2σ(I)). The magnesium ions are coordinated to six different H2O molecules forming a slightly distorted octahedron with Mg—O distances varying between 202.2(2) and 211.6(3) pm. The hexaaquamagnesium ions are arranged parallel to (010). The two kinds of iodate ions and the four different “free” water molecules are filled between the layers thus formed.There are twenty independent hydrogen bonds with O … O distances from 268.7(3) to 287.6(4) pm. On the basis of all intermolecular I … I distances of iodates reported in the literature, 180 pm are recommended as van-der-Waals radius resp. lonepair radius of iodine(V). DSC and Raman spectroscopic experiments as well as high-temperature Raman and X-ray measurements were performed and are discussed with respect to the energetic and geometric distortion of the IO3- ions and the dehydration of the decahydrate via the tetrahydrate (308 K) to Mg(IO3)2 (428 K).
    Notizen: Mg(IO3)2 · 10 H2O kristallisiert in der triklinen Raumgruppe P1 (a = 654,25(9), b = 1109,8(2), c = 1176,6(2) pm; α = 105,470(8), β = 104,086(8), γ = 101,744(8)°; Z = 2). Die Kristallstruktur wurde mit Hilfe von Röntgen-Einkristalldaten (MoKα) bestimmt (R = 2,72%, 4372 symmetrieunabhängige Reflexe mit I 〉 2σ(I)). Sie ist aus oktaedrischen [Mg(H2O)6]2+- und pyramidalen IO3--Ionen sowie 4 weiteren Kristallwassermolekülen aufgebaut. Die O … O-Abstände der Wasserstoffbrücken der 20 verschiedenen Wasserstoffatome betragen 268,7(3) - 287,6(7) pm. Aufgrund der intermolekularen I … I-Abstände der bisher bekannten Iodatstrukturen werden 180 pm als van-der-Waals- bzw. lone-pair-Radius von Iod(V) vorgeschlagen. Raman-Spektren von Mg(IO3)2 · 10 H2O und das Ergebnis von DSC-Messungen sowie Röntgen- und Raman-Heizaufnahmen werden mitgeteilt und in Hinblick auf die Verzerrung der Iodationen und die Dehydratation des Decahydrats über das Tetrahydrat (308 K) zu Mg(IO3)2 (428 K) diskutiert.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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