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  • 1
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    Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) - An Earth Observing System experiment (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: An overview is presented of the CERES experiment that is designed not only to monitor changes in the earth's radiant energy system and cloud systems but to provide these data with enough accuracy and simultaneity to examine the critical climate/cloud feedback mechanisms which may play a major role in determining future changes in the climate system. CERES will estimate not only the flow of radiation at the top of the atmosphere, but also more complete cloud properties that will permit determination of radiative fluxes within the atmosphere and at the surface. The CERES radiation budget data is also planned for utilization in a wide range of other Earth Observing System interdisciplinary science investigations, including studies of land, biological, ocean and atmospheric processes.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Results from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) has been observing the earth during the past 4 years from three satellites. Numerous validation procedures have been applied to the data. Particularly important have been intercomparisons between three channels of scanning radiometers and wide and medium field-of-view radiometers. These intercomparisons and onboard calibration targets have provided assurance of high data quality. In addition to the classic radiation budget parameters: global absorbed and emitted energy, ERBE is producing fluxes on scales of 250 km that can significantly increase understanding of the earth's climate. Of particular interest are ERBE measurements of clear-sky albedos and longwave fluxes, which are part of the ERBE data products. Use of data from the precessing ERBE satellite together with data from the sun-synchronous NOAA-9 and NOAA-10 satellites also provides information on the diurnal cycle of shortwave and longwave fluxes.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 9; 7, 19
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Climate and the Earth's Radiation Budget (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Data from NASA's Earth Radiation Budget (ERB) Experiment instruments carried by the ERB Satellite and by NOAA-9 and -10 are presently evaluated, with a view to the role played by clouds in the global radiation energy balance. While an individual water droplet scatters 85 percent of incident energy in the forward direction, a cloud of such drops can scatter 75 percent or more of the energy backward. The resulting enhancement of surface-atmosphere albedo reduces the solar radiation absorbed by the atmospheric column. Clouds also significantly enhance the long-wave opacity of the atmosphere; like gaseous absorption, this reduces the radiation emitted to space.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Physics Today (ISSN 0031-9228); 42; 22-32
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Earth radiation budget measurements - Pre-ERBE, ERBE, and CERES (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The paper reviews experiments dealing with the earth's radiation budget for the last two decades. Attention is focused on the major areas of concern in the satellite measurements: instrument calibration, angular dependence of the radiation leaving the atmosphere, and space and time dependence of the flux fields. It is pointed out that the current radiation-budget measurements come from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) with improved calibration, estimates of the instantaneous flux, and algorithms for time interpolation. A new set of measurements will be produced from an investigation of the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES), a part of the Earth Observing System (EOS). CERES is expected to produce the radiation field from the top of the atmosphere to the earth's surface.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Long-term Monitoring of the Earth''s Radiation Budget; Apr 17, 1990 - Apr 18, 1990; Orlando, FL; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Long-term monitoring of the earth's radiation budget; Proceedings of the Meeting, Orlando, FL, Apr. 17, 18, 1990 (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The uses of the broadband flux measurements as well as the improvements in the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment in instrumentation and data reduction are summarized. Scientific uses of earth-radiation budget data are discussed, along with a perspective on the instrumentation giving a new foundation for studies of the radiation budget, with emphasis on calibration and long-term stability. Cloud identification and angular modeling are covered including angular dependence models for radiance to flux conversion and the pattern recognition of clouds and ice in polar regions. The surface-radiation budget and atmospheric radiative flux divergence from the Clouds and Earth Radiant Energy System are covered, and time dependence of the earth's radiation fields, determination of the outgoing longwave radiation and its diurnal variations are considered.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: SPIE-1299 , Long-term Monitoring of the Earth''s Radiation Budget; Apr 17, 1990 - Apr 18, 1990; Orlando, FL; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    A preliminary computer pattern analysis of satellite images of mature extratropical cyclones (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: This study has applied computerized pattern analysis techniques to the location and classification of features of several mature extratropical cyclones that were depicted in GOES satellite images. These features include the location of the center of the cyclone vortex core and the location of the associated occluded front. The cyclone type was classified in accord with the scheme of Troup and Streten. The present analysis was implemented on a personal computer; results were obtained within approximately one or two minutes without the intervention of an analyst.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Monthly Weather Review (ISSN 0027-0644); 115; 556-563
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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