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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric behavior of water in biological solutions: Studies on myoglobin, human low-density lipoprotein, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 7 (1986), S. 151-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: dielectric methods ; water ; water of hydration ; myoglobin ; polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) ; human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The dielectric behavior of the aqueous solutions of three widely differing macromolecules has been investigated: myoglobin, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and human serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL). It was not possible to interpret unambiguously the dielectric properties of the PVP solution in terms of water structure. The best interpretation of the dielectric data on the myoglobin and LDL solutions was that, in both cases, the macromolecule attracts a layer of water of hydration one or two water molecules in width. For LDL, this corresponds to a hydration factor of only 0.05 g/g, whereas for myoglobin the figure is nearer 0.6 g/g. With myoglobin, part of the water of hydration exhibits its dispersion at frequencies of a few GHz, and the rest disperses at lower frequencies, perhaps as low as 10-12 MHz. The approximate constancy of the width of the hydration shell for two molecules as dissimilar in size as LDL and myoglobin confirms that the proportion of water existing as water of hydration in a biological solution depends critically on the size of the macromolecules as well as on their concentration.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250070206
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maternal X chromosome expression in mouse chorionic ectoderm (1979)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 1 (1979), S. 123-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: nonrandom X-inactivation ; maternal X chromosome expression ; mouse ; extraembryonic membrane ; X chromosome ; PGK-1 ; chorionic ectoderm ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: An electrophoretic variant of the X-linked enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK-1) has been used to study regulation of X chromosome expression in the diploid derivatives of the trophectoderm at 8-8.5 days post coitum in the mouse. These derivatives included the chorionic ectoderm and the polar trophoblast. The biochemical analysis suggests that only the maternally derived X chromosome (Xm) is expressed in the diploid trophectoderm derivatives. Cell selection and maternal tissue contamination were ruled out as possible causes of the observed Xm expression. From these and other results, we conclude that all derivatives of the trophectoderm, along with the primitive endoderm, express only Xm, whereas derivatives of the primitive ectoderm show random X chromosome expression.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020010202
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The expression of β-galactosidase during preimplantation mouse embryogenesis (1981)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 2 (1981), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: β-galactosidase ; preimplantation ; mouse ; Bgl ; paternal effect ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Lysosomal acid hydrolase expression during preimplantation mouse embryogenesis has proved useful in estimating when mRNA transcription commences during this period. Previous work from this laboratory has shown that α-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase undergo 50- to 100-fold increases in activity between the two-cell stage and the blastocyst stage [1, 2]. Here we show that β-galactosidase activity levels undergo a similar change. We also demonstrate that mouse strains with the Bgl-sh allele produce cleavage stage embryos with 2-4-fold higher activity levels than strains with the Bgl-sd allele. Bgl has been shown to control β-galactosidase levels in adult mouse tissues [3]. Unfertilized egg β-galactosidase levels are also regulated by Bgl, but loci distant from Bgl modify egg expression. The distant sites are not observed to act during cleavage. Hybrid embryos (Bgl-sd/h) show intermediate activity levels to the parental types. The timing of the deviation of hybrid embryo β-galactosidase activity levels from maternal-type activity levels is used to estimate when transcription of genes governing β-galactosidase expression occurs.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020020102
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coxsackieviruses and diabetes (1997)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    BioEssays 19 (1997), S. 793-800 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-9247
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease whose etiology is complex. Both genetic susceptibility, which is polygenic, and environmental factors, including virus infections, appear to be involved in the development of IDDM. In this review, we have tried to balance the discussion of diabetes by examining both immunological and virological perspectives. Several mouse models, including viral and non-viral models, have been used to study diabetes. For this review, we include lessons gleaned from the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse and from mouse models of coxsackievirus- and encephalomyocarditis-virus-induced diabetes. Finally, we present a multi-stage model in which several viral infections, including the coxsackieviruses, are postulated to play a role in the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.950190909
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The sodium and potassium activated ATPase of intestinal epithelium. I. Location of enzymatic activity in the cellThis study is based on work performed under contract with the United States Atomic Energy Commission at The University of Rochester Atomic Energy Project, Rochester, New York. (1965)
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 65 (1965), S. 361-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The location of sodium and potassium activated Mg-ATPase (Na-K ATPase) was studied in columnar epithelial cells of the small intestine of rats. Cell components were segregated in centrifuge fractions by a mild procedure (sucrose medium), which preserved mitochondria and vesicular inclusions, and by a drastic procedure, designed to preserve the striated borders selectively. The contents of fractions were characterized by phase contrast and electron microscopy and by the assay of alkaline phosphatase (E.C.3.1.3.1), cytochome oxidase (E.C.1.9.3.1), invertase (E.C.3.2.1.26) and Mg-ATPase (E.C.3.6.1.4).Na-K ATPase was found to be most concentrated in fractions containing mitochondria on one hand, and striated borders on the other. Its distribution differed from the distributions of the other four enzymes. The physiological implications of finding the “sodium pump” enzyme in the membrane at the apical pole of the epithelial cell were discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1030650309
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Television microscopy of sporulation and spore germination of Bacillus cereus (1956)
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 48 (1956), S. 301-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1030480211
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of a mouse B-type cyclin which exhibits developmentally regulated expression in the germ line (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 33 (1992), S. 259-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Cell cycle ; Germ cells ; Spermatogenesis ; Oogenesis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: To begin to examine the function of cyclins in mammalian germ cells, we have screened an adult mouse testis cDNA library for the presence of B-type cyclins. We have isolated cDNAs that encode a murine B-type cyclin, which has been designated cycB1. cycB1 was shown to be expressed in several adult tissues and in the midgestation mouse embryo. In the adult tissues, the highest levels of cycB1 transcripts were seen in the testis and ovary, which contain germ cells at various stages of differentiation. The major transcripts corresponding to cycB1 are 1.7 and 2.5 kb, with the 1.7 kb species being the predominant testicular transcript and the 2.5 kb species more abundant in the ovary. Examination of cDNAs corresponding to the 2.5 kb and 1.7 kb mRNAs revealed that these transcripts encode identical proteins, differing only in the polyadenylation signal used and therefore in the length of their 3′ untranslated regions. Northern blot and in situ hybridization analyses revealed that the predominant sites of cycB1 expression in the testis and ovary were in the germinal compartment, particularly in early round spermatids in the testis and growing oocytes in the ovary. Thus cycB1 is expressed in both meiotic and postmeiotic cells. This pattern of cycB1 expression further suggests that cycB1 may have different functions in the two cell types, only one of which correlates with progression of the cell cycle. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080330305
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Instrumentation, techniques, and applications of electron microscopy in the solid state physics group at Glasgow university (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 24 (1993), S. 316-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: TEM ; CTEM ; STEM ; Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) ; Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) ; Radiation damage ; Mass loss ; Lorentz microscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: This review discusses some of the work performed by the Solid State Physics Group at Glasgow University. A major aim of the group is to obtain quantitative information with high spatial resolution and to do this reliably requires a thorough understanding of both the instrumentation and the interactions between the electron beam and the specimen. Thus the first part of the review discusses those aspects of instrumentation and techniques that the group has considered in detail while the final part deals with applications which involve the study of a wide range of materials covering metallurgical, semiconductor, organic, and magnetic systems. In all these applications, the results from a range of techniques have been required to provide as complete a picture of the material as possible. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070240405
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopy of ultra-thin sections of insect flight muscle (1954)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 95 (1954), S. 237-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050950204
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine structure of the nasal barbel of the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (1978)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 158 (1978), S. 109-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Ultrathin sections of the nasal barbel of the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, were studied in the electron microscope and the fine structure was compared to that of barbels of other teleosts and to the mandibular (dentary) barbels of I. punctatus. While the overall histology of the nasal barbel is similar to that of barbels described previously, this study revealed far greater cellular complexity and variability than was previously reported. A layer of stratified epidermal cells rests upon a connective tissue dermis containing a cartilage rod, a large number of nerve fibers and numerous blood vessels, fibroblasts and pigment cells. Taste buds are present in the epidermal layer. This layer was found to contain probably 16 kinds of cell types, several of which may represent transitional stages, in addition to taste bud cells. Observations were made pertaining to innervation and cell types in the taste buds. A new terminology for designating the barbels of I. punctatus is suggested.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051580202
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