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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid in embryos ; Embryo development ; Hordeum (abscisic acid) ; Lectin ; Osmotic stress ; Triticum (abscisic acid)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Levels of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) in immature wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Timmo) and barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Golden Promise) embryos have been determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Embryos of both cereal species showed an increase in ABA content during development on the parent plant. Immature embryos were excised and cultured in vitro on nutrient media that led to precocious germination or on media containing 9% (w/v) mannitol that maintained their developmental arrest. Barley and wheat embryos responded to these culture conditions in an identical manner with respect to changes in morphology, fresh weight, protein and lectin content. However, in complete contrast, the ABA content of barley embryos increased by an order of magnitude during culture on mannitol, whereas that of wheat embryos showed no significant change. The results are discussed within the context of the role of ABA in the regulation of embryo development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid and precocious germination ; Embryogenesis ; Hordeum (lectin) ; Lectin ; Triticum (lectin)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Radioimmunoassay has been used to measure levels of wheat-germ agglutinin and barley-germ agglutinin during embryogenesis and germination. The two lectins exhibited similar patterns of accumulation during grain maturation in vivo and both decreased to low levels after imbibition of harvest-ripe grains for 3 d. Precocious germination of immature wheat and barley embryos excised and cultured in vitro could be prevented either by inclusion of abscisic acid or mannitol in the culture medium. Changes in the level of wheat-germ agglutinin induced by in vitro culture depended on the maturation stage of the embryo. No direct correlation was found between application of exogenous abscisic acid and accumulation of the lectin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The accuracy of the Ingard-Myers boundary condition and a recently proposed modified Ingard-Myers boundary condition is evaluated for use in impedance eduction under the assumption of uniform mean flow. The evaluation is performed at three centerline Mach numbers, using data acquired in a grazing flow impedance tube, using both upstream and downstream propagating sound sources, and on a database of test liners for which the expected behavior of the impedance spectra is known. The test liners are a hard-wall insert consisting of 12.6 mm thick aluminum, a linear liner without a facesheet consisting of a number of small diameter but long cylindrical channels embedded in a ceramic material, and two conventional nonlinear liners consisting of a perforated facesheet bonded to a honeycomb core. The study is restricted to a frequency range for which only plane waves are cut on in the hard-wall sections of the flow impedance tube. The metrics used to evaluate each boundary condition are 1) how well it educes the same impedance for upstream and downstream propagating sources, and 2) how well it predicts the expected behavior of the impedance spectra over the Mach number range. The primary conclusions of the study are that the same impedance is educed for upstream and downstream propagating sources except at the highest Mach number, that an effective impedance based on both the upstream and downstream measurements is more accurate than an impedance based on the upstream or downstream data alone, and that the Ingard-Myers boundary condition with an effective impedance produces results similar to that achieved with the modified Ingard-Myers boundary condition.
    Keywords: Aeronautics (General)
    Type: NF1676L-13782 , 18th AIAA/CEAS Aeronautics Conference; Jun 04, 2012 - Jun 06, 2012; Colorado Springs, CO; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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