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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (2)
  • coregulation  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 109 (1976), S. 2395-2404 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Heterocyclic 8π-Systems, 8. 1,4-Dihydropyrazines and 1,4-Dihydropyrazine AnionsUnder anion-generating conditions the 1-benzyl-1,2-dihydropyrazines 4 avoid the formation of systems with formally delocalize 8π-electrons. Deprotonation of the N -benzyl group leads to diazabicycloheptenes 8. The dimerisation ofα-arylaminoketones 10 does not lead to the corresponding 1,4-diaryl-1,4-dihydropyrazines 11 or 1-aryl-1,2-dihydropyrazines 12, but results in the formation of symmetrical 1,4-aryl-1,4-dihydropyrazines 14. These formally antiaromatic 8π systems are stabilized by nonplanarity of the ring and of the substituents. The formation and structure of these systems and also the electron spin resonance of the corresponding radical cation formed by acidic le⊖-oxidation are discussed.
    Notes: Die 1-Benzyl-1,2-dihydropyrazine 4 weichen bei der Anionerzeugung der Bildung eines Systems mit 8 delokalisierbaren π-Elektronen aus. Unter Deprotonierung der N-Benzylgruppe entstehen Diazabicycloheptene 8. Beim Versuch, aus α-Arylaminoketonen 10 durch dimerisierende Kondensation entsprechende 1,4-Diaryl-1,4-dihydropyrazine 11 bzw. die umgelagerten 1-Aryl-1,2-dihydropyrazine 12 zu synthetisieren, wurden die symmetrischen 1, 4-Diaryl-1, 4-dihydropyrazine 14 erhalten. Diese formal antiaromatischen einkernigen 8π-Systeme werden durch Unebenheit des Ringgerüstes und der Liganden stabilisiert. Ihre Bildung, Struktur sowie die Elektronenspinresonanz der bei saurer 1e⊖-Oxidation gebildeten Radikalkationen werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 104 (1971), S. 2273-2292 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Pteridines, XLIV. Synthesis and Structure of N-8 Substituted Pterins and LumazinesThe synthesis of mainly N-8-phenyl substituted pterins is described. The structural complexity of the various molecular species in dependence of the pH value is discussed on the basis of u. v. and n. m. r. spectra as well as pKa values. Isolation of 3.6-dimethyl-7-methylen-8-phenyl-7.8-dihydropterin (62) proved for the first time that 8-substituted 6.7-dimethyl-pteridine derivatives do not react in basic medium with ring opening but with deprotonation at 7-CH3.
    Notes: Die Synthese von vorwiegend N-8-phenylsubstituierten Pterinen wird beschrieben. Die komplexen Strukturverhältnisse der verschiedenen Molekülformen in Abhängigkeit vom pH-Wert werden anhand von UV- und NMR-Spektren sowie pK-Werten besprochen. Durch die Isolierung des 3.6-Dimethyl-8-phenyl-7-methylen-7.8-dihydro-pterins (62) konnte sichergestellt werden, daß 8-substituierte 6.7-Dimethyl-pteridin-Derivate im alkalischen Bereich nicht unter Ringöffnung sondern unter Deprotonierung an 7-CH3 reagieren.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 69 (1998), S. 1-12 
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: two-hybrid system ; vitamin D receptor ; retinoid X receptor ; vitamin D ; protein L7 ; basic region leucine zipper domain ; coregulation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The vitamin D receptor (VDR) heterodimerizes with the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and requires additional protein-protein interactions to regulate the expression of target genes. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we identified the previously described protein L7, that specifically interacted with the VDR in the presence of vitamin D. Deletion analysis indicated, that the N-terminus of L7, which harbours a basic region leucine zipper like domain, mediated interaction with the VDR. Binding assays with purified GST-L7 demonstrated, that L7 specifically pulled down the VDR, that was either expressed in yeast or endogenously contained in the cell line U937. Interestingly, L7 inhibited ligand-dependent VDR-RXR heterodimerization, when constitutively expressed in yeast. We also demonstrate that L7 repressed binding of VDR-RXR heterodimers to a vitamin D response element. Surprisingly, L7 recruited RXR to the same response element in the presence of 9-cis retinoic acid. Ligand-dependent protein-protein interaction in the yeast two-hybrid system confirmed, that binding of L7 also was targeted at the RXR. Our data suggest, that protein L7 is a coregulator of VDR-RXR mediated transactivation of genes, that modulates transcriptional activity by interfering with binding of the receptors to genomic enhancer elements. J. Cell. Biochem. 69:1-12, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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