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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 4 (1986), S. 135-146 
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: Guest molecules ; host/guest chemistry ; host molecules ; inclusion (of molecules) ; large rings ; macrocyclic compounds ; receptor model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The syntheses of the functionalized carbomacrocycles5–11 are reported. The diastereomeric diols10a, b form a stable methanol clathrate. The X-ray analysis of9 gives insight into the dimensions of the cavity. In the course of the preparation of4 the side products22 and23 have been characterized. Aldol condensations are also used for the syntheses of the 30-membered ring15 and of its hydrogenation product16. The diesters12–14 have been prepared to make available functionalized carbomacrocycles with high ring member numbers by acyloin condensation. In this connection, the 28-membered tetra-yne20 and its precursors18 and19 are described.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 4 (1986), S. 163-167 
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: Alcohol inclusion ; clathrate ; clathrand ; enrichment of ethanol ; host/guest chemistry ; inclusion ; lattice inclusion ; separation of solvents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A new host compound of the onium salt type,N-(3-biphenylmethyl)quininium bromide (1), is described. This host compound shows an unusually high selectivity for the inclusion of ethanol. Using this clathrand, ethanol can be extracted from a variety of solvent mixtures. In most cases, a remarkable enrichment of the ethanol is observed. The following solvents in a mixture with ethanol remain in the mother liquid: methanol,n-propanol,n-hexane, pyridine.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 6 (1988), S. 157-165 
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: Benzene inclusion ; cyclovoltammetry ; electrochemistry ; ester ; host/guest chemistry ; lactone ; macrobicyclic compounds ; macrocyclic molecules ; triphenylamine units
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis of a family of new host type molecules (1–4) bearing six lactone structural units is described. One of the lactones (1) forms crystals which contain benzene in a 1∶2 (host:guest) ratio. The complexation behaviour towards potential guest molecules and the electrochemical properties of the molecules are studied. Compared to an analogous open chained ester (18) the electrochemical potentials of the bicyclic lactones,1, 2 are higher due to the different steric environment.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 6 (1988), S. 429-442 
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: Cavity ; complex formation ; ethanol adduct ; ethanol inclusion ; host/guest chemistry ; inclusion compounds ; lactam ; lactone ; macrotricyclic compounds ; perdeuteroethanol ; spacer groups
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The syntheses of several macrotricyclic hexalactams (1–3) and of a corresponding hexalactone (4) are described in detail for the first time. The molecules have a basket shaped skeleton and contain a non-collapsible cavity, the size and shape of which is varied by use of spacer groups. Compounds1–3 selectively form crystalline adducts with ethanol as guest; the macrotricyclic hexaester4 does not. Evidence for an interaction of1 with ethanol was obtained by exchange experiments with perdeuteroethanol. Complexation experiments in solution did not show significant host/guest interactions with the guest chosen.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 118 (1985), S. 914-921 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chromoionophores, VII. Podands Carrying Terminal Electron-Donor- and -Acceptor Groups. Cation-Influenced Charge Transfer AbsorptionThe synthesis and spectroscopic investigation of the new noncyclic neutral ligands 12-20 of the glycol ether type (podands) carrying terminal electron-donor- and -acceptor groups are described. The podands show intramolecular charge transfer interactions which can be influenced selectively by complexed cations. The ligands 13 and 20 cause significant increases of extinction and bathochromic shifts of the charge transfer bands in the UV/Vis spectra on addition of alkali perchlorates, whereas the shorter ligands 14 and 18 show a decrease of extinction and hypsochromic shifts under similar conditions. Some of the noncyclic chromoionophores discern considerably and visually perceivably between Na+ and K+ or Li+ and Na+, respectively, in acetonitrile. The cation selective alterations in the electron spectra are discussed in view of steric effects considering some complex stability constants determined by photometric titrations.
    Notes: Synthese und spektroskopische Untersuchung der neuen nichtcyclischen Neutralliganden 12-20 von Glycolether-Typ (Podanden) mit Elektronen-Donor- und -Acceptor-Endgruppen werden beschrieben. Die Podanden zeigen intramolekulare Charge-Transfer-Wechselwirkungen, die durch komplexierte Kationen selektiv beeinflußt werden. Während bei den Liganden 13 und 20 mit Alkalimetallperchloraten signifikante Extinktionszunahmen und bathochrome Verschiebungen der Charge-Transfer-Banden in den UV/Vis-Spektren auftreten, beobachtet man bei den kürzerkettigen Liganden 14 und 18 unter analogen Bedingungen Extinktionsverminderung und Hypsochromie. Einige der offenkettigen Chromoionophore differenzieren in Acetonitril stark und visuell gut wahrnehmbar zwischen Na+ und K+ bzw. Li+ und Na+. Die kationselektiven Veränderungen in den Elektronenspektren der Chromoionophore werden, unter Berücksichtigung einiger durch photometrische Titration ermittelter Komplexkonstanten, im Hinblick auf sterische Effekte bei der Komplexierung erörtert.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 118 (1985), S. 2300-2313 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Carbocations, Carbanions, and Carbenes as Ring Members of Crown EthersDi- and triarylmethyl crown ethers containing carbocations (3a, b), carbanions (4a - c), and carbene centers (5) are synthesized. Starting with the benzophenono crown 2a, the carbinols 8a, b and the carbenium ligands 3a, b were prepared. Their thermodynamic stability was evaluated and compared with that of the uncrowned reference compounds 9c, d. The carbanionic crowns 4a - c were generated from the methylene compounds 1a, b, e. Reactions were carried out with 4a. The influence of the crown ring on the ion pair type present was studied by UV/Vis spectroscopy. The crown carbene 5 was obtained from the hydrazone 2c and the tosylhydrazone 2d and characterized by its inter- and intramolecular reaction products 12, 13. The derivatives 2e, f and the double crown 10 were synthesized to investigate the carbonyl reactivity of 2a. The formation of crystalline complexes of 1c with NaSCN, of the oxo crown 2a with KSCN, of the oxime 2e with NH4SCN, and the carboxylic acid 1d with NH3 is described and discussed in terms of a participation of the functional group of the crown in the coordination of the guest.
    Notes: Di- und Triarylmethyl-Kronenether mit Carbokation- (3a, b), Carbanion- (4a — c) und Carben-Zentren (5) als Ringbestandteile wurden synthetisiert. Ausgehend von der Benzophenon-Kronen-verbindung 2a wurden über die Carbinole 8a, b die Carbenium-Liganden 3a, b dargestellt. Ihre thermodynamische Stabilität wurde ermittelt und mit derjenigen der unverkronten Referenzverbindungen 9c, d verglichen. Die Carbanion-Kronenverbindungen 4a - c wurden aus den Methylen-Verbindungen 1a, b, e erzeugt. Mit 4a wurden Reaktionen durchgeführt, und anhand UV/Vis-spektroskopischer Daten wird der Einfluß des Kronenrings auf die Art des vorliegenden Ionenpaars erörtert. Aus dem Hydrazon 2c und dem Tosylhydrazon 2d wurde das verkronte Carben 5 erhalten und mittels seiner intra-und intermolekularen Folgeprodukte 12 und 13 charakterisiert. Zur Untersuchung der Carbonylreaktivität von 2a wurden die Derivate 2e, f und die Doppelkronenverbindung 10 dargestellt. Die Bildung Kristalliner Komplexe von 1c mit NaSCN, der Oxo-Kroneverbindung 2a mit KSCN, des Oxims 2e mit NH4SCN und der Carbonsäure 1d mit NH3 wird beschrieben und die Beteiligung der funktionellen Gruppe der Krone an der Koordination des Gasts erörtert.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 122 (1989), S. 589-591 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: 2,2′-Bipyridines, building blocks for complex ligands ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 4,4′-Donor-Substituted and 6,6′-Difunctionalized 2,2′-BipyridinesThe previously unknown 4,4′-dimethoxy-substituted 6,6′-diacyl-2,2′-bipyridines 7, 8 (acyl = acetyl, formyl) are prepared. Some old procedures in the synthetic sequence were optimized.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 118 (1985), S. 22-27 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: New Acidic Complexons with Bipyridine Anchor Groups and their Cation SelectivityThe new acidic complexons 2a and 3a bearing a bipyridine anchor group have been synthesized. Selectivity and stability of the complexes with several metal ions were determined by potentiometric titration and compared to those of EDTA and other complexons: Ligand 2a in particular forms remarkable stable complexes with Zn2 +, Cd2 +, and Mn2 +, while the stability constants of the Ca2 + - and Mg2 + complexes are of usual magnitude. On the other hand, the alkaline earth metal complexes of 3a are more stable and comparable to those of EDTA with a pronounced peak selectivity towards Ca2 +.
    Notes: Die neuen sauren Komplexone 2a und 3a mit Bipyridin-Ankergruppen wurden synthetisiert. Ihre Komplexbildungs-Konstanten und -Selektivitäten gegenüber verschiedenen Metallionen wurden durch potentiometrische Titration in Wasser bestimmt und mit denen von EDTA und anderen Komplexonen verglichen: 2a bildet vor allem mit den Metallionen Zn2 +, Cd2 +, Mn2 + bemerkenswerte stabile Komplexe, während die Komplex-Stabilitäten für Ca2 +, Mg2 + im üblichen Bereich liegen. Demgegenüber sind die Erdalkalimetallkomplexe von 3a beträchtlich stabiler und weisen bei ausgeprägter Peak-Selektivität für Ca2 + mit EDTA vergleichbar hohe Komplexkonstanten auf (Abb. 1).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 121 (1988), S. 2179-2185 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: New Three- and Sixfold Bridged Phenylogous CyclophanesThe syntheses of the threefold bridged cyclophanes 4, 5, of the sixfold bridged cyclophane 6, and of the triple-layered cyclophanes 7, 8 are reported. The yields have been optimized by variation of the reaction conditions and by use of the cesium effect. The enantiomer resolution of 7 and the X-ray structural analysis of 4 are discussed.
    Notes: Die dreifach verbrückten Cyclophane 4, 5, das sechsfach verbrückte Phan 6 und die Tripeldecker-Verbindungen 7, 8 werden beschrieben. Die Ausbeuten werden durch Variation verschiedener Bedingungen und durch den Cäsium-Effekt optimiert. Die Enantiomerentrennung von 7 und die Röntgen-Kristallstrukturanalyse von 4 werden mitgeteilt.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 122 (1989), S. 1113-1117 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: 1-Oxa-[2.2](2,7)naphthalenophane ; Helical molecules ; Ring strain ; Circular dichroism ; Thiaphanes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The First Helical Naphthalenophane - Synthesis, Separation off Enantiomers, Circular Dichroism, and Barrier of RacemisationPreparation and properties of the title compound (2; 1-Oxa-[2.2](2,7)naphthalenophane) are described. The enantiomers of 2 were separated or enriched by HPLC on cellulose-tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl)carbamate. Circular dichroism and kinetics of racemisation were elucidated. The energy barrier of ring inversion for the intermediate thia[3.2]phane 9 was determined. Spectroscopic and chiroptical properties are compared to the metacyclophane 1a and the [2.1]naphthalenophane 3.
    Notes: Erstmalige Darstellung und Eigenschaften der chiralen Titelverbindung (2; 1-Oxa[2.2](2,7)naphthalinophan) werden beschrieben. Deren Enantiomere wurden durch HPLC an Cellulose-tris-(3,5-dimethyphenyl)carbamat getrennt bzw. angereichert. Circulardichroismus und Racemisierungskinetik von 2 wurden ermittelt. Außerdem wurde die Energiebarriere für Ringinversion des intermediären Thia[3.2]phans 9 bestimmt. Spektroskopische und chiroptische Eigenschaften von 2 werden anhand des Metacyclophans 1a und des [2.1]Naphthalinophans 3 erörtert.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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