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  • 1
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    Mapping of catalytic residues in the RNA polymerase active center (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-07-05
    Description: When the Mg2+ ion in the catalytic center of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase (RNAP) is replaced with Fe2+, hydroxyl radicals are generated. In the promoter complex, such radicals cleave template DNA near the transcription start site, whereas the beta' subunit is cleaved at a conserved motif NADFDGD (Asn-Ala-Asp-Phe-Asp-Gly-Asp). Substitution of the three aspartate residues with alanine creates a dominant lethal mutation. The mutant RNAP is catalytically inactive but can bind promoters and form an open complex. The mutant fails to support Fe2+-induced cleavage of DNA or protein. Thus, the NAD-FDGD motif is involved in chelation of the active center Mg2+.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zaychikov, E -- Martin, E -- Denissova, L -- Kozlov, M -- Markovtsov, V -- Kashlev, M -- Heumann, H -- Nikiforov, V -- Goldfarb, A -- Mustaev, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Jul 5;273(5271):107-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Limnological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8658176" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Aspartic Acid/metabolism ; Binding Sites ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Dithiothreitol/pharmacology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Escherichia coli/*enzymology ; Ferrous Compounds/metabolism ; Hydroxyl Radical ; Magnesium/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis ; Promoter Regions, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of inorganic and organic traces in the clean room compartment of Antarctica
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytica Chimica Acta 283 (1993), S. 230-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-2670
    Keywords: Biogenic halogenated methanes ; Gas chromatography ; Halogens ; Heavy metals ; Iodine cycle ; Ion chromatography ; Isotope dilution analysis ; Mass spectrometry ; Nitrate cycle ; Trace detection
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0003-2670(93)85227-B
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NMR structure of the chimeric hybrid duplex r(gcaguggc)⋅r(gcca)d(CTGC) comprising the tRNA-DNA junction formed during initiation of HIV-1 reverse transcription (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of biomolecular NMR 13 (1999), S. 343-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5001
    Keywords: AIDS ; DYANA ; HIV-1 ; NMR structure ; ribonuclease H ; RNA-DNA hybrid ; torsion angle dynamics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A high-quality NMR solution structure of the chimeric hybrid duplex r(gcaguggc)⋅r(gcca)d(CTGC) was determined using the program DYANA with its recently implemented new module FOUND, which performs exhaustive conformational grid searches for dinucleotides. To ensure conservative data interpretation, the use of 1H-1H lower distance limit constraints was avoided. The duplex comprises the tRNA–DNA junction formed during the initiation of HIV-1 reverse transcription. It forms an A-type double helix that exhibits distinct structural deviations from a standard A-conformation. In particular, the minor groove is remarkably narrow, and its width decreases from about 7.5 Å in the RNA/RNA stem to about 4.5 Å in the RNA/DNA segment. This is unexpected, since minor groove widths for A-RNA and RNA/DNA hybrid duplexes of ∼11 Å and ∼8.5 Å, respectively, were previously reported. The present, new structure supports that reverse transcriptase-associated RNaseH specificity is related primarily to conformational adaptability of the nucleic acid in 'induced-fit'-type interactions, rather than the minor groove width of a predominantly static nucleic acid duplex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008350604637
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of heavy metals on growth and ultrastructure ofChara vulgaris (1987)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 136 (1987), S. 37-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Chara ; Fine structure ; Growth ; Heavy metals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The toxicity of some heavy metals to the common macrophytic freshwater algaChara vulgaris was studied under laboratory conditions. For experiments, apical tips of algae containing two internodes were cultivated for fourteen days in the presence of various concentrations of cadmium, mercury or lead (as triethyl lead or lead nitrate). Fifty percent growth inhibition occurred with concentrations of 8.5×10−8 M (9.5 ppb) cadmium, 7.5×10−7M (150ppb) mercury, 1.6×10−6 M (330ppb) organic lead or 4× 10−5 M (8000 ppb) inorganic lead. Sublethal concentrations of these metals caused alterations in the fine structure of internodal cells which turned out to be at least partly metal-specific or in the case of lead, the effects depended on whether the lead was ionic or organically bound. Cadmium and inorganic lead induced disorders of cell wall microfibrils which resulted in local wall protuberances. Mercury affected the chloroplasts which mostly showed considerably increased grana stacks. In addition, mercury caused a dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum and of the mitochondrial tubuli. Organic lead damaged the membrane system of chloroplasts; sheet- or tubule-like thylakoids were disarranged and showed whorl-like structures. At higher concentrations of organic lead, tubular invaginations of the plasmalemma (“charasomes”) disappeared. The fine structure of nuclei was not altered by any of the metals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01276316
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