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Inhibition of light-induced stomatal opening and of guard-cell-protoplast swelling in Vicia faba L. by tentoxin, an inhibitor of photophosphorylation (1988)

Dahse, I. ; Schnabl, H. ; Hampp, R. ; [et al.]

Springer

Planta 173 (1988), S. 391-396

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ISSN: 1432-2048

Keywords: Guard cell protoplast ; Photophosphorylation ; Stomatal opening, inhibition ; Tentoxin ; Vicia (guard cell)

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract The fungal phytotoxin tentoxin and its natural derivative dihydrotentoxin impair light-induced stomatal opening in epidermal strips of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) incubated in a potassium-rich medium. Swelling of guard-cell protoplasts (GCPs) of the same species is inhibited in the presence of both substances. Swollen GCPs shrink after tentoxin or dihydrotentoxin treatment and these effects cannot be fully compensated by the phytoeffector fusicoccin. A comparison with the potassium carrier valinomycin shows that tentoxin acts in a different manner, because it is effective in the light only, whereas valinomycin causes shrinkage of GCPs also in the dark. Determination of adenine nucleotides in GCPs indicates a reduced ATP content and an enhanced ADP level after addition of tentoxin. At the same time, tentoxintreated GCPs contain more NADPH and less NAD+ than the control (NADP+ and NADH content does not differ). The results presented are consistent with the hypothesis that tentoxin closes stomata as a consequence of its inhibitory action on photophosphorylation.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401026

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GC column effluent splitter for problematic solvents introduced in large volumes: Determination of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in triglyceride matrices as an application (1988)

Pacciarelli, B. ; Müller, E. ; Schneider, R. ; [et al.]

Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 11 (1988), S. 135-139

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ISSN: 0935-6304

Keywords: Solvents and GC detectors ; Coupled HPLC-GC ; Column effluent splitter ; Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Introduction of solutions of up to several milliliters by on-column injection of large volumes or by coupled HPLC-GC may cause problems with GC detectors (FID, AFID, MS). For instance, dichloromethane forms large amounts of hydrochloric acid and carbon black in FIDs.A column effluent splitter was developed for keeping the major portion of the solvent vapors away from the detector; approximately 99% of the vapor is vented while the remaining 1% of vapor is used for detecting the widths of the solvent peaks. During analysis, the split ratio is reversed by a strong increase of the resistance to the gas flow through the split exit line.The system was used for the determination of di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) in triglyceride matrices of various foods. Direct determination by HPLC is not sufficiently sensitive, whereas direct analysis by GC is hindered by the triglycerides. Solutions of fats or oils were pre-separated on a silica column using dichloro-methanelcyclohexane 1:l with addition of 0.05 % acetonitrile as eluent. The HPLC fraction containing the DEHP was transferred to GC through a loop-type interface using concurrent solvent evaporation. Detection limits were around 0.1 ppm.

Additional Material: 4 Ill.