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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1327
    Keywords: Key words Ferredoxin ; Iron-sulfur clusters ; NMR ; Hyperfine shifts ; Magnetic interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  The oxidized Fe7S8 ferredoxin from Bacillus schlegelii, containing both [Fe3S4]+ and [Fe4S4]2+ clusters, has been investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy. An extensive sequence-specific assignment of the hyperfine-shifted resonances has been obtained by making use of a computer-generated structural model. The pattern and the temperature dependence of the hyperfine shifts of the β-CH2 protons of the cysteines coordinating the [Fe3S4]+ cluster are rationalized in terms of magnetic interactions between the iron ions. The same approach holds for the hyperfine coupling with 57Fe. It is shown that the magnetic interactions are more asymmetric in Fe7S8 ferredoxins than in Fe3S4 ferredoxins. The NMR non-observability of the β-CH2 protons of coordinated cysteines in the one-electron-reduced form has been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1572-8773
    Keywords: Copper ; Cobalt ; Nickel ; Superoxide dismutase ; Alkaline phosphatase ; NMR ; Relaxometry ; Nuclear relaxation ; Electronic relaxation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The water-proton nuclear-magnetic-relaxation dispersion profiles have been analyzed for Cu2Zn2-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Cu2-alkaline phosphatase (AP). The electronic relaxation times are derived, together with structural information. The effect of magnetic coupling with another copper ion in Cu2Cu2SOD and Cu2Cu2AP is discussed. It is shown that the electronic relaxation times of copper(II) essentially do not change. The opposite happens with Cu2Co2SOD, Cu2Co2AP and Cu2Ni2SOD in which fast-relaxing metal ions provide relaxation mechanisms for copper(II) as well. In these cases the systems can be studied through high-resolution NMR spectroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: electron transfer ; iron-sulfur proteins ; NMR spectroscopy ; proteins ; solution structures ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In the 1H NMR spectrum of the oxidized form of the high-potential iron-sulfur protein (HiPIPI) from Ectothiorhodospira halophila, 91% of the total proton resonances and 100% of the residues have been assigned. The standard COSY, NOESY, and TOCSY sequences have been optimized for the paramagnetism of the molecule. Extensive assignment of the 15N NMR spectrum has been obtained through HMQC spectra. With 1437 dipolar connectivities, of which about 10% involved fast-relaxing protons, a family of 18 structures was generated with an RMSD of 0.65 Å by using the programs developed by Wüthrich. The family of structures was further refined by various calculation steps; the final RMSD was 0.48 Å. The structures appear to be very similar but not equal to the structures of the reduced protein. Despite the similarity in structure, significant variations in the chemical shifts are observed. A similar behavior was observed for the homologous protein from Chromatium vinosum. It is concluded that NMR is a sensitive tool to monitor differences between oxidized and reduced proteins; however, the detailed structural variations should be evaluated with caution at the present level of resolution, which roughly corresponds to a resolution of 2.5 Å in an X-ray structure.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: NMRD ; MRI ; Contrast agents ; Carbonic anhydrase ; Sulfonamides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A novel Gd-DTPA derivative with a built-in sulfonamide (SA) was synthesized as a contrast agent for MRI. The complex was designed to selectively target the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. It is shown that the longitudinal relaxation rates of aqueous solutions of Gd-DTPA-SA in the presence of carbonic anhydrase increase significantly. The binding constant is determined to be 15,000 ± 5,000 M-1. This value ensures substantial formation of the carbonic anhydrase adduct at imaging concentrations of Gd-DTPA-SA. The complex interacts with erythrocytes, presumably due to a high affinity for the carbonic anhydrase present on the outer surface of the latter. This takes place even though the enzyme has a low abundance and is easily saturated by small amounts of Gd-DTPA-SA. The interaction of Gd-DTPA-SA with serum proteins is negligibly small. Therefore, the complex could potentially be tested as a selective contrast agent for compartments outside the blood pool.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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