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  • General Chemistry  (2,746)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (1,377)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Total synthesis of Swinholide A, Preswinholide A, and Hemiswinholide A (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemistry - A European Journal 2 (1996), S. 847-868 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: natural products ; swinholide A ; total syntheses ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The total synthesis of synthesis of swinholide A (1) has been accomplished via key intermediate aldehyde 12 (Fig. 3), whose construction started from L-rhamnose (18), epoxide 21, and phenylsulfone orthoester 22, and proceeded through an Enders asymmetric alkylation (16 + 17 → 15), a Ghosez cyclization (21 + 22 → 20), and a Corey-Sharpless coupling reaction (13 + 14 → 12). Elaboration of compound 12 along slightly different pathways culminated in the synthesis of carboxylic acid 10 and hydroxy compound 11, whose union by an esterification reaction, followed by ring closure of the subsequently derived hydroxy acid under Yamaguchi conditions, led to swinholide A (1) upon deprotection. The chemistry developed also allowed the total synthesis of prewinholide A methyl ester (7), preswinholide A (8), and hemiswinholide A (78).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.1460020716
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antibodies to sperm surface fertilization antigen (FA-1): Their specificities and site of interaction with sperm in male genital tract (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 26 (1990), S. 175-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Sperm antigen ; Testis ; Blood-testis ; barrier ; Antisperm antibodies ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The fertiization antigen (FA-1) isolated from murine testes demonstrated its dimeric form of 49,000 ± 2,000 molecular weight (M.W.) or a monomer of 23,000 M.W. on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The FA-1 was immunogenic in all three female rabbits tested and raised a high-titer antisera [enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) titers; 1:1,024 to 1:4,096]. The rabbit anti-FA-1 antisera predominantly recognized the dimeric form of 49,000 ± 2,000 M.W. on the Western blot of lithium diiodosalicylate (LIS)-solubilized murine testes. None of the antisera reacted with any somatic tissue, indicating germ-cell specificity of FA-1. To determine the cellular localization of the immunoreactive FA-1, a novel ultrasensitive immunogold-silver staining (IGSS) procedure was developed. The anti-FA-1-lgG showed intense staining in the luminal region of the seminiferous tubules containing spermatids and spermatozoa. No reaction was observed in the peripheral area of the tubules containing Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, leptotene, and zygotene spermatocytes. The biodistribution studies of 125I-labeled anti-FA-1 lgG in mice revealed that the antibodies do not bind to somatic tissues such as blood cell, liver, heart, kidney, muscle, and gastrointestinal tissue and do not transudate into testes nad seminal vesicle. However, the antibodies preferentially transudate into epididymis (especially corpus or cauda regions) and vas deferens to bind to sperm cells. In conclusion, our data indicate that FA-1 can induce an immune response that is germ cell-specific, directed against later stages of spermatogenesis. The antibodies to FA-1 interact with sperm after penetration through epididymis (especially corpus and cauda regions) and vas deferens rather than through testes and seminal vesicles.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080260212
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ulex europeus type I agglutinin detects carcinoembryonic antigen in extracts of human colorectal carcinoma (1988)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 37 (1988), S. 193-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: colorectal carcinoma ; Carcinoembryonic antigen ; UEA ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Recent interest has focused on fucosylated epitopes expressed on human neoplasms. The plant lectin Ulex europus agglutinin, Type I (UEA) binds fucosylated oligosac-charides, while UEA-reactive substances have a tissue distribution similar to carci-noembryonic antigen (CEA). We sought to determine if UEA reacted with CEA in extracts of fresh primary and metastatic colorectal carcinomas and paired normal tissues. The extracts were electrophoretically transferred to nitrocellulose membranes after the proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE in 10% polyacrylamide gels. The transfer membranes were then stained with peroxidase-conjugated UEA (UEA-P) or antibody to CEA (CEA-P). UEA-P reacted with a 170-190-kDa band in extracts of 22 of 30 primary tumors, 10 of 12 metastases, but only 1 of 5 villous adenomas. UEA-P generally did not react with normal colon or liver extracts. UEA-P also did not bind to 170-190-kDa molecules in Western transfers of a breast carcinoma metastatic to bowel and a focal nodular hyperplasia of liver. CEA-P displayed similar reactivity and detected CEA in a tumor extract negative for UEA. Fucose blocked binding of UEA-P to Western transfers of tumor extracts. CEA-P reacted with a 170-190-kDa substance in tumor extracts eluted with fucose from a column of immobilized UEA. Thus, UEA reacts with fucosylated oligosaccharides on most, but not all, species of CEA and may be a useful adjunct to anti-CEA immunohis-tochemistry.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240370206
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fulvene  -  Isomere benzoider Verbindungen (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 75 (1963), S. 35-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In ihrem Bindungszustand und ihrer Reaktivität nehmen die Fulvene eine Mittelstellung zwischen den ihnen isomeren benzoiden Verbindungen und den Olefinen ein. In Abhängigkeit von den Substituenten am exocyclischen C-Atom bestimmen der Diencharakter des gekreuzt konjugierten Systems oder die cyclische Konjugation im fünfgliedrigen Ring das chemische und physikalische Verhalten der Fulvene. Neben einigen neuen Substitutionsreaktionen werden besonders Synthesen und Reaktionen von den mit Anilinen und Phenolen isomeren 6-Amino- und 6-Hydroxy-fulvenen beschrieben. Derivate dieser Verbindungen ermöglichen die Darstellung neuartiger nichtbenzoider, cyclisch konjugierter Systeme wie carbo- und hetero-cyclischer Azulene, Pseudoazulene, Thiepine, Dihydropyridazine und des s-Indacens.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19630750107
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromomycin A3, ein cancerostatisch wirkendes Antibiotikum (1964)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 76 (1964), S. 792-793 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19640761832
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wege der Energiegewinnung in AnaerobiernNach einem Vortrag vor dem GDCh-Ortsverband Freiburg-Südbaden, am 2. Februar 1968 in Freiburg/Breisgau. (1970)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 82 (1970), S. 153-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Biologische Redoxprozesse sind nötig zur Synthese „energiereicher“ Verbindungen, die mit dem universellen Energieträger Adenosintriphosphat (ATP) in enzymgesteuerter Wechselwirkung stehen. Die grundlegenden Chemismen biologischer Energietransformation sind Substratstufen- (SSP) und Elektronentransport-Phosphorylierungen (ETP). Im anaeroben Stoffwechsel werden die zahlreichen verwertbaren Nahrungs-stoffe nur wenigen Substratstufen-Phosphorylierungen zugeführt; es ist fraglich, ob es in chemotrophen Anaerobiern eine mit Elektronentransport gekoppelte Energiekonservierung gibt. Zur Lösung dieses Problems scheint zur Zeit die Bestimmung des ATP-Umsatzes (YATP) in wachsenden Zellen die aussichtsreichste Methode zu sein. Die derzeitigen Kenntnisse über sauerstoffabhängige Enzymreaktionen und ihre molekulare Evolution liefern Ansatzpunkte einer biochemischen Definition aerober und anaerober Organismen.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19700820403
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of proteins on viral nucleocapsids using immunoelectron microscopy (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 2 (1985), S. 139-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Immunoelectron microscopy ; colloidal gold ; localization of proteins ; Sendai virus nucleocapsid ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: We have described an indirect immunoelectron microscope method to localize individual proteins on viral nucleocapsids using monoclonal antibodies and colloidal gold-conjugated second antibodies. The procedure provides good binding and retention of antibodies, good resolution(〈 24nm), and negligible nonspecific binding of antibodies to the background. In addition, the method is compatible with both negative and positive staining, the two staining procedures commonly used to derive ultrastructural information on viral chromosomes. We have illustrated the procedure by localizing the NP (nucleoprotein, ≍ 2,600 copies) and P (polymerase-associated protein, ≍ 300 copies) proteins on the nucleocapsid of Sendai virus, a paramyxovirus.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060020205
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mn2(CO)10CH2N2, A Stable Organometallic Derivative of DiazomethaneComplex Chemistry of Reactive Organic Compounds, Part II. - Part 10: W. A. Herrmann, Chem. Ber. 108, 3412 (1975). (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 15 (1976), S. 164-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197601641
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy Production in Anaerobic OrganismsBased on a lecture to the Freiburg-Südbaden Branch of the GDCh on February 2, 1968 in Freiburg/Breisgau (Germany). (1970)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 9 (1970), S. 138-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Energy production ; Anaerobic organisms ; Adenosine triphosphate ; Redox chemistry ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Biological redox processes are required for the synthesis of “energy-rich” compounds which are in an enzyme-controlled equilibrium with the general energy carrier adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The basic mechanisms of biological energy transformation are substrate level (SLP) and electron transport phosphorylations (ETP). In anaerobic catabolism the numerous nutrients are channelled into only a few substrate level phosphorylations; the occurrence in chemotrophic anaerobes of energy conservation coupled to electron transport has not yet been demonstrated unequivocally. At present, the determination of the ATP turnover (YATP) in growing cells appears to be a promising method of approaching this problem. The existing knowledge of oxygen dependent enzyme reactions and their molecular evolution provides the basis for a biochemical definition of aerobic and anaerobic organisms.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197001381
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fulvenes as Isomers of Benzenoid Compounds (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2 (1963), S. 123-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Fulvenes ; Aromaticity ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: With regard to the nature of their bonding and reactivity, fulvenes occupy a position intermediate between their benzenoid isomers and the olefins. The chemical and physical behavior of the fulvenes is determined either by the diene character of the cross-conjugated system or by the cylic conjugation in the five-membered ring, depending on the type of substituent at the exocyclic carbon atom. In addtion to several new substitution reactions, a description is given of the syntheses and reactions of 6-amino- and 6-hydroxyfulvenes, isomeric with anilines and phenols, the derivatives of which can be used for the preparation of new types of nonbenzenoid cyclic conjugated systems such as carbocyclic and heterocyclic azulenes, pseudoazulenes, thiepines, dihydropyridazines, and s-indacene.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196301231
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